Archer-Daniels-Midland Co
XETRA:ADM
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Earnings Call Analysis
Q2-2024 Analysis
Archer-Daniels-Midland Co
ADM reported second quarter adjusted earnings per share of $1.03 with an adjusted segment operating profit of $1 billion. Even though the operating profit decreased by 37% compared to the previous year, this decline was due to lower pricing and execution margins, particularly in the commodity-driven Ag Services & Oilseeds segment. Despite these challenges, ADM's trailing four-quarter average adjusted Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) was 9.7%, and the company generated a robust $1.7 billion in cash flow from operations before working capital adjustments.
The Nutrition segment showed promising recovery signs. Year-to-date, the company delivered 7% volume growth in its biosolutions platform and expects continued sequential improvement for the rest of the year. Human Nutrition revenues increased by 10% year-over-year due to strong volumes in flavors and Health & Wellness sales, with biotic sales growing by 22%. While there were some headwinds, like lower pricing in texturants and plant-based proteins, the overall segment is expected to perform better in the third and fourth quarters.
ADM continued its commitment to returning capital to shareholders, completing planned share repurchases and delivering the 37th consecutive quarterly dividend. So far in 2024, the company has returned $2.8 billion to shareholders through buybacks and dividends. In addition, ADM's capital expenditure for the year reached $700 million, focusing on enhancing operational reliability and capacity expansion.
The company advanced its multi-year $500 million cost-saving initiative, delivering approximately $127 million in savings in the first half of the year. These initiatives have been widespread across various business segments, with the most significant contributions coming from Carbohydrate Solutions and Nutrition. ADM is confident in achieving its cost-saving target well before the two-year mark, which will positively impact its bottom line and operational efficiency.
For the rest of 2024, ADM anticipates a strong third quarter for Carbohydrate Solutions, driven by solid demand for ethanol domestically and internationally, although wheat milling margins are expected to moderate. The robust demand for soybean meal and oil should support crush margins, although likely at levels lower than the previous year. The company expects overall improved performance in the Nutrition segment and solid fundamentals in ethanol markets to extend the positive trajectory into the fourth quarter.
ADM continues to focus on driving innovation and sustainability. Initiatives include expanding regenerative agriculture partnerships, enhancing biosolutions offerings, and continuing the development of renewable green diesel feedstocks through the Green Bison JV. These strategic moves are designed to create long-term value and align with macro trends in sustainability and food security, positioning ADM as a leader in these areas.
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Good morning, and welcome to the ADM Second Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions]. As a reminder, this conference call is being recorded.
I'd now like to introduce your host for today's call, Megan Britt, Vice President, Investor Relations for ADM. Ms. Britt, you may begin.
Thank you, Elliot. Hello, and welcome to the second quarter earnings webcast for ADM. Starting tomorrow, a replay of this webcast will be available on our Investor Relations website. Please turn to Slide 2. Some of our comments and materials may constitute forward-looking statements that reflect management's current views and estimates of future economic circumstances, industry conditions, company performance and financial results. These statements and materials are based on many assumptions and factors that are subject to risks and uncertainties. ADM has provided additional information in its reports on file with the SEC concerning assumptions and factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in this presentation.
To the extent permitted under applicable law, ADM assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of new information or future events. On today's webcast, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Juan Luciano, will discuss our third quarter results and share recent accomplishments on our strategic priorities. Our Chief Financial Officer, Ismail Roy, will review segment level performance and provide date on our cash generation and capital allocation actions. Juan will have some closing remarks, and then he and Ismael will take your questions. Please turn to Slide 4.
I'll now turn the call over to Juan.
Thank you, Megan, and good morning to all who have joined for today's call. Today, ADM reported second quarter adjusted earnings per share of $1.03 with an adjusted segment operating profit of $1 billion. Our trailing 4 quarter average adjusted ROIC was 9.7%.
We delivered strong cash flow from operations before working capital at $1.7 billion. Year-to-date, this equates to an adjusted earnings per share of $2.49, and an adjusted segment operating profit of $2.3 billion. Our team delivered solid results in challenging market conditions, highlighting the efforts of our teams across the business to manage through the commodity down cycle while putting our Nutrition business on a path to recovery.
Additionally, we saw signs of improving fundamentals within crush and ethanol later in the quarter. positioning us for a strong second half. We're also flexing our capital allocation strategy to return cash to shareholders, completing our planned share repurchases for the quarter and delivering our 37th consecutive quarterly dividend.
Next slide, please. Let's start by reviewing the top line results of our business units alongside our efforts to manage the cycle through productivity and innovation. Our services and [indiscernible] results are significantly lower than the record results of prior years due to the ongoing rebalancing of the supply and demand environment and overall lower farmer selling. In anticipation of this year's challenges, we focus on driving stronger production volumes and actively leveraging our footprint to match supply to demand around the globe. We've also focused on differentiation opportunities, extending margin and growing volumes by more than 20% year-over-year India like destination marketing, achieving our targeted run rate in our green Bison JV for renewable green diesel feedstocks and bringing new solutions to our customers through innovations as our recent EU/DR compliant fully traceable soybean program and the expansion of our regenerative agriculture partnerships and acreage. These [ region ] programs highlight our leadership in this space. ADM was named finalist in fast companies World Change in Ideas in May. And just last week, we released our second annual [indiscernible] report detailing the data-backed results we are achieving across our global operations. Carbohydrate Solutions have continued a solid performance trajectory, driven by strong margins for sweeteners, starches and flower with higher volumes year-over-year. Ethanol margins also strengthened as industry production try to keep pace with robust export and domestic demand.
Along with performance, we are continuing to drive innovation-based growth through the sustainability center evolution of the business. We have delivered 7% year-to-date volume expansion across our biosolutions platform, increases start capacity in our Marshall, Minnesota facility to meet growing demand from food, beverage and industrial customers, and in a milestone for our strategic partnership, [indiscernible] recently broke ground on a 500,000 square-foot biomanufacturing facility that will use ADM sourced dextrose for applications in water treatment, agriculture, energy and home and personal care.
Within our productivity agenda, the drive for execution excellence is continuing to deliver simplification and cost-saving opportunities across the enterprise. In Q2, we advanced hundreds of projects that put us clearly under past the planned $500 million in cost reduction over the next 2 years. We are accelerating these efforts and expect to see a significant portion of the savings by the end of 2024. Our focus on returning nutrition to its growth trajectory is also taking hold, and we are seeing sequential top line improvement as compared to our previous 2 quarters. While we are experiencing some downward pressure with texturants and protein demand, we drove strong growth in Health & Wellness sales along with flavor sales growth and excellent contributions from our recent acquisitions.
In our targeted areas of focus, we are continuing to make progress. We continue to improve demand fulfillment for flavors in our EMEA region following the implementation of [indiscernible]. We're optimizing cost across the Animal Nutrition portfolio building the foundation to drive continued sequential improvement across the core of the segment. The use of our refined M&A playbook with our recent flavor acquisitions, has proven to be an important accelerator to integration and the ongoing growth of our leading global flavor business. And our innovation agenda is paying off. driving Human Nutrition revenues up 6% year-to-date, driven by flavors and our science-backed Health & Wellness portfolio.
Our capital allocation efforts continued through the second quarter as we completed our planned share repurchases and announced our most recent dividend. We have already returned $2.8 billion of capital to shareholders to date. The second quarter marked an important point in our efforts to manage through the market realities of 2024 and delivered on our priorities. Across all 3 businesses, we're evolving to drive new pockets of growth in the near term while positioning ADM to take full advantage of macro trends of sustainability, health and welding and food security in the longer term. As we continue to drive operational excellence and make progress on our key priorities, we have confidence in our full year expectations despite uncertainties in the external environment. Before I hand over to Ismael for a detailed review of our second quarter results, I would like to first thank him for his leadership and guidance as interim CFO through the first half of the year. It's the hallmark of ADM leaders to step up when our organization asks for their support, and Ismael has shown that his experience, passion and knowledge of our business set him apart as one of our best. We're excited to be welcoming Monish Patolawala to ADM as our new CFO in August. And now Ismael has important work to do as he returns to lead EMEA and Animal Nutrition's continued growth. Ismael, over to you.
Thank you, Juan. Let me begin by sharing my own thanks and congratulations for what our finance team has accomplished over the first 6 months of this year. As a 20-plus-year employee of the company, I have seen amazing things our colleagues can accomplish when we work collectively to achieve them. And this was again the reality as I stepped in as interim CFO. I'm proud to have served the company in this capacity over the last several months, and I'm excited to welcome and support Manish as he joins the team. For the second quarter ended June 30, 2024, earnings per share on a GAAP basis were $0.98.
Segment operating profit on a GAAP basis was $1 billion and included charges of $7 million, or approximately $0.01 per share related to impairments. Adjusted segment operating profit was $1 billion for the second quarter, a 37% decrease versus the prior year period. Adjusted earnings per share were $1.03. Lower pricing and execution margins led to a decline of $1.03 per share versus the prior year period. largely reflecting the impact of lower crush origination margins.
Volume improvement represented a $0.19 per share increase versus the prior year period. primarily reflecting higher volumes in AS&O and carbohydrate solutions. Higher costs of $0.07 per share were primarily related to $0.06 per share of unplanned downtime at the [ Kater ] East. Share repurchases represented a $0.10 per share increase versus the prior year.
During the quarter, there was approximately a $0.02 per share negative impact.
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Supplies out of South America have led to a rebalancing of the [indiscernible] of used cooking oil as a feedstock for renewable diesel continued to grow. Ag Services results were lower than the prior year, primarily driven by lower results in South American origination at slower farmer selling due to a smaller-than-expected crop in [indiscernible], and higher logistic costs related to industry take-or-pay contracts led to lower margins. North America originations saw lower volumes and margins as strong crop yields out of both Brazil and Argentina led to a shift in export competitiveness to South America as well as limited carriers and trading opportunities. As we began the quarter, global demand for both meal and oil remains strong.
However, the return of Argentinian crush combined with the increased imports of used cooking oil also weighed on crush margins. As we progress later in the quarter, slower farmers selling Argentina brought tighter S&D dynamics, driving an improvement in board crush. The team performed well in this environment, leading to an executed soy crush margin of approximately $45 per metric ton for the quarter. While fundamentals supported improving crush margins as we expected, more balance and an impact of approximately $195 million in the comparable period. In Refined Products and Other results were lower due primarily to the reversal of prior positive mark-to-market timing impacts. In North America, increased pretreatment capacity at renewable diesel plants and higher imports of used cooking oil caused refining margins to ease relative to the record levels of last year. The biodiesel margin structure has also come off of record levels versus the prior year as a result of lower LCFS credits and RIN values.
During the quarter, there were approximately $90 million of negative timing impacts versus positive timing impacts of approximately $90 million in the comparable period. Equity earnings from Wilmar of $68 million were lower compared to the prior year quarter. Moving to Slide 8. The [indiscernible] solutions team executed well, delivering $357 million in operating profit for the second quarter which was higher versus the prior year. Industry fundamentals in the [indiscernible] and Sweeteners space continue to be supported by strong sweetener demand and an improving starch market. Within ethanol markets became more constructive as we advanced later in the quarter and stocks moved lower, firming up both domestic and export margins. Demand for ethanol remained robust, supported by summer driving season in the U.S. solid domestic blending rates and export demand. The Starches and Sweeteners subsegment results were higher year-over-year as strong margins and volumes in North America were partially offset by lower margins in the EMEA region as they came off historically high levels. And our operational excellence efforts have helped streamline our processes and overall efficiencies, leading to improved cost positions.
In the Vantage Corn Processing subsegment, strong export demand for ethanol supported solid ethanol margins, leading to higher year-over-year results. Moving to Slide 9. Nutrition revenues were $1.9 billion for the second quarter, up 3% on a year-over-year basis and sequentially improved from the first quarter. Our Human Nutrition subsegment grew 10% year-over-year as strong M&A revenue contributions as well as improved volumes and mix in flavors, combined with strong growth in our Health & Wellness business, more than offset headwinds from lower pricing in the texturants market and lower plant-based protein demand.
Our Animal Nutrition subsegment had lower revenues versus the prior year as lower pricing and mix was partially offset by improved volumes in the base business. Please turn to Slide 10. The second quarter marked another quarter of progress with sequential improvement in operating profit for the Nutrition business when comparing to the prior year quarter, Human Nutrition results were lower, primarily driven by unplanned downtime at the cater East and lower texturants pricing in the Specialty Ingredients business. Within Flavors, we have continued to improve operations, which has led to higher shipments sequentially.
In Animal Nutrition results were higher versus the prior year as improved execution in the base business has led to higher volumes and cost optimization actions and lower commodity prices helped support margins, partially offset by lower pet solutions performance in North America and Brazil. Current results due to lower claim activity. ADM Investor Services results decreased on lower interest income
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Turning to our balance sheet and cash flows on Slide 12. Through the second quarter, the company has continued to generate healthy cash flows with $1.7 billion of operating cash flow before working capital. Our current leverage ratio is now within our targeted range, reflecting our disciplined approach to balance sheet management and robust cash flow generation. With robust financial flexibility, we have been able to support both strategic initiatives to support long-term growth and also leverage excess cash for enhanced shareholder returns.
During the quarter, we repurchased over 6 million shares through our open market repurchase program, returning approximately $1 billion of capital that's making the completion of our targeted $2.3 billion of share repurchases for the year. In total, we have returned $2.8 billion of capital to shareholders through repurchases and dividends so far in 2024. We also continue to invest in the business with an enhanced focus on the reliability of our app performance allocating $700 million to capital expenditures. Now breaking down our expectations for the third quarter by segment on Slide 13.
In [indiscernible], we anticipate the third quarter to be lower versus the prior year but improved from the cyclical low margin environment from the second quarter. We anticipate demand for both meal and oil to remain robust and support crush margins, however, likely lower than the levels in the prior year. We anticipate improved process volumes in the third quarter as we enhance our focus on operational excellence across our network, and as our Green Bison JV achieves full run rate. It is also important to note the prior year period also included a $48 million insurance recovery related to damages from Hurricane IDA. In Carbohydrate Solutions, we anticipate a strong third quarter, but lower than the prior year as wheat milling margins moderate off elevated levels. Network optimization and operational excellence will continue to support strong earnings in the second half. We anticipate solid demand for ethanol, both domestically and in the export markets and upside opportunities could be presented if fundamentals hold. In Nutrition, we expect the third quarter to be higher than the prior year period. The team is systematically optimizing the organizational and operational structure across both human and animal nutrition, which are expected to continue to yield cost benefits throughout the year. Coupling this with our efforts to convert pipeline opportunities and drive improved volumes, we anticipate to see continued sequential improvement in the nutrition business throughout the year. Turning to Slide 14 to discuss our full year guidance assumptions. We anticipated increased crop production in South America would lead to lower margins across the AS&O segment in 2024.
And the global soybean crush margins would likely be in the range of $35 per metric ton to $60 per metric ton for the year, with performance around the midpoint determined by the strength of soybean meal and oil demand. Though the larger crop production in South America did materialize, we experienced lower-than-average farmer selling in that region as well as here merchandising opportunities in North America through the first half which weighed negatively on margins in Ag Services. We expect these dynamics to continue to pressure margins in our third quarter. On soybean crush margins, we continue to see robust soybean meal demand based on solid livestock margins and some supporting margins above the midpoint. With the first half results largely in line and balancing an improving crush environment with less opportunities in merchandising in the second half, our 2024 earnings per share range remains unchanged. Looking at the other metrics included in our total consolidated guidance, our full year 2024 indications remain unchanged.
Back to you, Juan.
Thank you, Ismael. As we think about the rest of 2024 and the lead up to 2025, we remain optimistic about ADM's ability to execute against our priorities while remaining agile in an evolving environment. The pressures of the current commodity cycle do not seem to be demand driven as we see continued robust.
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through the year across our production operations. including the ramp-up of green [indiscernible] to full capacity and growing production in Ukraine. And our forward book indicates that ADM is well positioned to drive value through improved margin opportunities as we move into the back half of the year. Ethanol results have remained robust, and we expect solid demand through 2024. Assuming fundamentals hold we have an opportunity for upside in this part of the business through the year. Our initiatives to manage through the current cycle are expanding additional margin opportunities and opening up new channels to our customers. whether in the growth of destination marketing, the expansion of detailed technologies focused on farmer needs, the extension of our region programs and partnerships or the growth of our biosolutions platform.
So as market conditions improve, ADM has even more exciting platforms for growth and differentiation. As noted, we expect to see a significant portion of the planned $500 million cost savings driven by the drive for execution excellence to be realized by the end of this initial year of the program. setting up for potential upside in 2025 as more projects are identified and executed. Our Nutrition business have moved beyond green shoots of positive momentum. We now see cyclical improvement across the broader portfolio
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wellness, Animal Nutrition. As this continues through year-end, we expect a return to growth that will continue and expand in 2025. In short. progress against our priorities, along with our experienced teams
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From Andrew Strelzik with BMO.
I guess I wanted to ask you about the -- I wanted to ask about the guidance. It seems like you tempered a little bit the language on the AS&O side and nothing else really was changed and you kept the EPS guidance. So I guess I'm curious if there are kind of any other underlying offsets or if you're thinking about kind of the range differently at all. And maybe as we've seen more crush margin strength materialize through the year, how much visibility you have to that?
Yes. Thank you, Andrew. Listen, as you know, we have 3 businesses: Ag Services and oil seed is in this, what we call a transition year, if you will, a rebalancing year from tight supplies to more comfortable S&Ds. So we expect it to have in Q2 that were more -- that was challenging in challenging conditions, which we did, and I think we navigated well. As we look at the rest of the equipment we have over the quarter in terms of crush margins, we are executing at this point in time, even outside the range of $35 to $60 per metric ton that we gave. So -- but of course, when you think about our forecast for Ag services and [indiscernible], was heavily weighted to a certain degree, until we can put more businesses into Q4 is probably that we have the same kind of visibility we had before, that's where we decided not to touch the range. .
On the other hand, Card Solutions continue to be improving. And I think that as Ismael said in his remarks, if current ethanol margins that have improved over the quarter, continue to stay that way. We could have an upside there. And certainly, Nutrition continues to make significant improvements year-over-year now versus just being sequential before. So we're optimistic about the second half. We just didn't want to change the guidance at this point in time since it's heavily loaded towards Q4.
We now turn to Tom Palmer with Citi.
I wanted to ask on the nutrition side. You reiterated the outlook for segment profit to increase year-over-year for the full year. I first just wanted to confirm that this is after adding back the write-down in the fourth quarter, so off, I think, kind of a $495 billion base. And then second, I wondered if you could elaborate a bit on the key drivers of these improvements over the next couple of quarters. The implication would seem to be that 3Q is up year-over-year I'm sorry, the implication of keeping up year-over-year, would it seem to imply like a pretty meaningful increase between 2Q and 3Q. I think historically, we've seen the opposite where 2Q is a bit more seasonally strong. So just any help on that sequential improvement and then just the base that we're looking to grow as we look at this year.
Yes, Tom. Yes, the base is what you described. You are correct in your assumption there. Let me give you some feel here. The sequential improvement continues in the business, as we said. And that when we start looking at Q3, it looks like it's going to be year-over-year improvement, which which marks a significant improvement in Q3 versus Q2. If you go through the different segments, if you will, flavors continues to do well. I think the business is up in sales 6%, excluding M&A. .
Of course, still dealing with some higher cost because of all the demand fulfillment improvements we needed to make. But demand is coming back to normal, recovering after a destocking period. So we feel good about our pipeline there. We feel good about our prospects for flavor. Specialty Ingredients continue to have challenges in time. Demand is often. We are working through our plant issues. Also, we have the issue of texturant more specifically emulsifiers in that area are coming down after a significant record prices last year, if you will.
Health & Wellness continues to be very strong. Biotic sales growth are up to 22%. And I think that the pipeline there and the prospects continue to be very strong. When you think about animal sector, in Animal Nutrition, excluding PET, improvement continues and based on strong self-health plan, so it's pretty much under our control. So we feel good about that.
But solutions is finding a mix result around the growth. If you -- I would say, Brazil market conditions continue to be challenging. North America, specifically the U.S. is still having some demand [indiscernible] diminish, but we are looking good in terms of the improvements we are making towards Q3. And Mexico, our B2C business continues to be very strong. So I would say, overall, with the exception of specialty ingredients, which is the weak part. The rest of the business is looking good. So we expect significant improvements sequentially and that will start making them improvements year-over-year.
Our next question comes from Heather Jones with Heather Jones Research.
I just wanted to ask about oilseed process volumes, they were up 1% for the quarter. But in Q1, they were up nearly 9% and you market utilization of Spiritwood was full for the quarter. I was just wondering if there were onetime issues during the quarter? And if so, that's been rectified in order to reach of mid- to high single-digit growth outlook for the year?
Yes. As you said, yes, Spiritwood is performing very well, so it's coming up in volumes. Traditionally, I would say, in North America, when we have our low part of the cycle in North America, where South America has all the capacity. We take shutdowns in anticipation of demand not being very strong, and we want to have our plans ready for the harvest. So I think that, that's a traditional seasonal slowdown that we do. So nothing unusual in that regard. .
Our next question comes from Adam Samuelson with Goldman Sachs.
I was hoping to maybe drill in on some of the cost and productivity initiatives that you have underway right now. And I think, one, there's a target of $500 million of savings by the end of 2025 kind of split between the 2 years. Can you maybe provide an update on what you've realized to date in 2024, what the 2024 savings kind of are expected to be on a net basis? And maybe any additional color in terms of where within the portfolio those are actually hitting the P&L.
Yes. Yes, we're very proud of how this initiative that we put together at the beginning of the year has continued to accelerate. So so far, we are on track. If you think about $500 million in over 2 years. That's about $125 million per half. We delivered about $127 million in the first half. So we're pretty much on track there. But this group of activities and projects and ideas continue to accelerate.
So that's not going to be linear. It's going to be an accelerated bringing up to the P&L and to the bottom line. So we feel very good about it. We are very confident that our cash shows that we're going to deliver on the $500 million wave before the 2-year mark. With regards to what the distribution of that, of course, sometimes when you have more bigger manufacturing units or bigger energy consumption, like in car solutions, you have more opportunities to bring that. So I would say, if I were to name a ranking today, initially out of the gate, we see more in Care Solutions and Nutrition because of some of the improvements we needed to make in demand fulfillment. And maybe Ag Services and oilseed having to pick up momentum during the second half. So we will see that. So -- but overall, I think good distribution of projects around the 4 geographies and the 3 businesses. And again, catching momentum. When you have a big organization that you need to promote all these activities. So not everybody starts at the same time. So we feel very good by being on track. And again, we think, ahead of schedule for our $500 million over 2 years.
Our next question comes from Ben with Barclays.
I wanted to go back to the Nutrition business and just understand a little bit what your cadence is into the back office, the Decatur East plant is going to come back in. You've flagged the $25 million higher fixed cost observation. I just wanted to understand how immediately are you going to be able to gain this back. So as we move into the ramp-up of this the east part of Decatur, how should we think about those cost headwinds that we've been seeing over the past? Is that to be recovered in '24, or is that more of a '25 thing? .
Yes. Thank you for the question. From the point of view of plant protein, we do expect the plant to come online again in Q4. So we will see some of that recovery coming in. I think as we look at the second half, we significantly pulled quite a bit of volume out in 2023 as a result, obviously, of dedicated East facility, but also we had in demand fulfillment. So I did report -- we did report a 3% revenue growth. As we look into the second half, we are seeing an acceleration of that, and we expect overall to be on track to deliver roughly in the mid-single-digit growth when we bring back some of these facilities and demand fulfillment capabilities that we had lost in the second half of '23.
Maybe complementing Ismail. I think it's a '25 impact, not very much a '24 impact even in the Q4.
Our next question comes from Manav Gupta with UBS.
Quick question. We have seen a very strong rebound in ethanol margins, and it's just seasonal. Is it what else going out there? Do you think this sustains itself in the second half? And then how does that position you well in the Sweeteners and Starches business across in the second half?
Yes. Thank you, Manav, for the question. we have been seeing for a while that exports have been increasing year-over-year. So ethanol continues to be one of the cheapest [indiscernible] out there and is very competitive with gasoline in many parts of the world. So we have seen a strong domestic demand because of miles driven in the U.S., especially now with the summer, we have been seeing good blending in the U.S.
I think the price of ethanol is very competitive to encourage thing. And we have seen exports at levels that we've never seen before, probably north of 1.7 billion, maybe even 1.9 billion gallons per year. So I think that that was a very logical kind of when you see that strong demand was very logical that prices will rebound. And again, we don't see any change for now. It will depend on how much the U.S. produces, of course, of ethanol. But at this point in time, margins are holding, and we think that it bodes well for a strong Q3. In terms of Sweeteners and Starches, that business continued to have a very robust volumes and very good margins. If anything, that you can see a little bit of a pullback of the energy complex, if you will, that bodes well for manufacturing costs because they are big facilities. They consume a lot of energy. So natural gas prices being close to $2, it's a little bit of a tailwind for us.
So Card Solutions is having a very good year, and so we expect that to continue.
I'd like to complement with -- on the Sweeteners and Starches set. As you know, there's been a fairly low crop on crop in Mexico, and that has certainly helped with exports of Sweeteners and Starches products into Max, which created a demand pull into Mexico that has helped the overall margin structure for our business in North America.
[Operator Instructions] We now turn to Salvator Tiano Torino with Bank of America.
I just wanted to clarify a little bit on the crush margins. Again, I think you made in your prepared remarks a comment that soybean crush margins were $45 per tonne in Q2. And at least based on the reported EBIT, I don't know if I'm missing something, and I know it may not be fully comparable, but it looks like but your gross margins per ton were much, much lower than that. So what am I missing here? Are you -- is your, I guess, benchmark the way you're presenting the $35 to $60 materially different from what we would see, for example, in a Bloomberg synthetic margin. And you made also the comment that you recently executed the trade, I guess, above the top end of the range of $60. So can you elaborate a little bit on that? Is it -- are we talking about just one-off trades? Or is it something that you're actually consistently generating so far in Q3? .
Sure. Yes, let me clarify for you. First of all, the $45 per ton is a $45 per ton we made this year. So we can work offline to walk you through the arithmetic, if you will, but there's no -- nothing strength on that.
If I go around the world, if you will, on crush margins, at this point, between $60 to $70 in the U.S., that's where we are making businesses. about similar margins for soy in Europe. Brazil may be something between $10 and $50, depending if they are domestic plants or export plans. China, $20 to $25. That's kind of the margin environment. I would say, when we started the quarter, we were doing margins in the low end of our range. And as maybe Argentine farmers did not sell as maybe the industry was expecting, we saw more demand for soybean meal coming into North America that make an improvement in our crush margins. So we finished the quarter a little bit better than maybe we thought at the $45 per ton.
We are selling -- we said before that we were relatively open going out. We have some of the Q3 sold. What we don't have sold. We are selling at about $60 to $70 per ton. So that's the [ grass ] realities at this point in time. So I think that then we're going to leap into Q4 where we have hopefully a very large crop here in the U.S. crops look terrific so far in the U.S. So we expect to have plenty of raw materials in that. And for soybean meal continues to be strong around the world. And I think low prices have incentivated demand. demand is driven a lot by poultry, as you know, and soybean meal has been increasing in the Russians. And then on the oil side, we continue to see a little bit more RDD plants coming on stream in the second half. So that will bode well as well. So we are positive about cash margins for the rest of the year for North America.
We now turn to Dushyant Ailani with Jefferies. Please
I just want to talk on the CapEx guide. I think it's improved or it's increased by $100 million. Just wanting to see what's driving that?
Yes. I think CapEx is always the prioritization of CapEx is always maintenance and safety and quality, we do first. So whatever the plants need at any point in time. So that's a bottoms-up roll-up of their respective needs, then we fill it up with cost projects, which the execution excellence challenge that we have to deliver $500 million that bringing more ideas. Some of those ideas require CapEx. So you can see that that growing. And then there are growth projects around the world. So I would say nothing specifically. It's a little bit of everybody else executing on their plans.
So I would say nothing -- there is a little bit of CapEx inflation as well in our numbers because things are a little bit more expensive than maybe they were 2 years ago.
Our next question comes from Steven Haynes with Morgan Stanley.
I wanted to come back to Argentina. You mentioned -- you mentioned it's kind of been a bit of a tailwind kind of towards the end of the second quarter on some slower-than-expected farmer selling. So how are you kind of thinking about how that evolves over the balance of the year? And what's -- kind of help us think about the risk of Argentina kind of coming back into the market in a more meaningful way going forward?
Yes. So what happened in Argentina, there was a big expectation for the unification of the exchange rate. And of course, that hasn't happened so far. On the contrary, the gap has increased to about 50% or 55%. So at this point in time, when you combine low commodity prices because of all the abundant production and then the exchange rate is not very favorable for the farmer to sell. So the farmer in Argentina is selling a little bit more corn, but trying to hold the beans.
Will the government -- so the question is, will the government be able to unify the exchange rate. I think the government's priorities right now is to fight inflation, and that was the whole plan. So they don't have a lot of room to maneuver to change something because the moment you devalue, you change the exchange rate, everything is translated into prices. And the priority right now is to control prices. So I think this is for the good of Argentina long term as a country, but I think short term, will present a problem for the farmer to sell. So I think the farmer will hold as much as possible. unless there is a special program that the government rolls out that they don't seem to have a lot of latitude to do so at this point in time. So I think we need to be cautious about the thinking that a lot of the crop will come as a glad to Argentina. It hasn't happened so far.
We have a follow-up question from Heather Jones with Heather Jones Research.
I wanted to ask about the UCO into -- the Chinese UCO into the U.S. situation. So our understanding is those have slowed some, and then there's an expectation that with Europe imposing [indiscernible] duties on Chinese [indiscernible] that China may shift more of their UCO to that market and not as much in the U.S.? And just was wondering what you all are seeing there and how you're expecting that to evolve throughout the year?
Yes. Thank you, Heather. So of course, there was a lot of noise by the industry about the prospects of maybe some adulterated or not quite [indiscernible] coming into the U.S. and checking for that. So we have seen some significant moderation of that coming. I don't want to pinpoint a particular reason, but part of that, what you mentioned maybe Europe is true as well.
Euro will not allow row crops to be part of that. So they start to build SAF, they would have to use more UCO. So it's naturally that some of those flows would move to Europe. The current North American feedstock market is better balanced after the situation we have in Q1. So I think also, we saw palm oil going up in prices. So I think that it bodes better for soybean oil going forward for the U.S.
We have another follow-up from Salvator Tiano with Bank of America.
Just wanted to ask about the ethanol outlook, and I know you talked about a lot of factors here. But clearly, your commentary on the Starches and Sweeteners, which include, I guess, the wet mills was more negative, saying about lower ethanol margins year-on-year, whereas list being the dry mills, it was much, much higher year-on-year. So can you discuss a little bit the differentiation there. And it seems like a lot of the delta is from the export side. So essentially, are you seeing different pricing, different margins on the exports? And as they become a much more important part of the ethanol mix, which we weren't used to in the past. Is this something that besides being a driver of demand and operating rates, is it something that's margin accretive? Or do the netbacks tend to be lower for export ethanol?
Yes, there are several factors, Salvador here in place. So first of all, the ethanol margins are the ethanol margins, and they are better right now, they are probably twice as big as they were at the beginning of the quarter. There are some particular export markets where we can export as a premium, and we're taking advantage of that. I don't have top of my head where we export those from in terms of plans.
But at this point in time, I would say that the -- not the challenge, but maybe the activity has been on the logistics side to make sure that we can fulfill all the exports, and we can get the materials to the port because as you said and I said before, demand has been very strong and margins are very good. So we need to take advantage of that. Plants are running well. As I said, costs are coming a little bit longer. So this all bodes well for the forecast. And there's no reason for demand to change significantly outside of the world. We have a basket of countries where we are exporting is very well balanced. So at this point in time, we're looking at Q3 with optimism.
We have another follow-up from Andrew Strelzik with BMO.
I wanted to just get your perspective on broader biofuels policy. As we get deeper into the back part of the year here, we're getting close to some upcoming changes, obviously, maybe decisions around the RVO import export dynamics. So just was curious for some updated thoughts about how those policy shifts will impact your business and whether you think there's risk on the timing of some of those things getting done. It feels like some of the timing around bio fuel policy has been a moving target in a number of different ways. So just curious for how you're thinking about that progressing and impacting your business from here? .
Yes. I think all these regulatory framework creates movements and uncertainty, the more clarity the industry can have, of course, the better. I think the I think you have to think about the message around biodiesel blend of credit to a producer credit is. At the end of the day, we still have a higher mandate for 2025 and in deficit in 2024. So I think that you have to think that vegetable oil will be part of the solution to fill in that mandate. Ultimately, the pie is getting bigger here and not in vegetable oil should be gaining on the low CI products, especially now that California CFS credits have come down a little bit. So I think that the problem with these are the short-term gyrations of that.
It's very difficult to know what's going to happen maybe we have accelerated buying in Q4. Maybe we have a little bit of a slowdown in Q1. But I think overall, as we look at that overall policy is is constructive for all this. And we see more demand and the pie getting bigger. So I think it's all positive for crush margins in the medium or long term. Calling it by quarter is more difficult.
We have no further questions. So I'll now hand back to Megan Britt for closing remarks.
Thank you for joining us today. Please feel free to follow up with me if you have additional questions. Have a good day, and thanks for your time and interest in ADM.
Ladies and gentlemen, today's call has now concluded. We'd like to thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect your lines.