Toronto-Dominion Bank
TSX:TD
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Toronto-Dominion Bank
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Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome to the TD Bank Group Q2 2022 Earnings Conference Call. I would now like to turn the meeting over to Ms. Brooke Hales. Please go ahead, Ms. Hales.
Thank you, operator. Good afternoon, and welcome to TD Bank Group's Second Quarter 2022 Investor Presentation. We will begin today's presentation with remarks from Bharat Masrani, the bank's CEO. After which, Kelvin Tran, the bank's CFO, will present our second quarter operating results. Ajai Bambawale, Chief Risk Officer, will then offer comments on credit quality. After which, we will invite questions from prequalified analysts and investors on the phone.
Also present today to answer your questions are Michael Rhodes, Group Head, Canadian Personal Banking; Paul Douglas, Group Head, Canadian Business Banking; Raymond Chun, Group Head, Wealth Management and Insurance; Leo Salom, President and CEO, TD Bank, America's Most Convenient Bank; and Riaz Ahmed, Group Head, Wholesale Banking. Please turn to Slide 2.
At this time, I would like to caution our listeners that this presentation contains forward-looking statements, that there are risks that actual results could differ materially from what is discussed and that certain material factors or assumptions were applied in making these forward-looking statements.
Any forward-looking statements contained in this presentation represent the views of management and are presented for the purpose of assisting the bank's shareholders and analysts in understanding the bank's financial position, objectives and priorities and anticipated financial performance. Forward-looking statements may not be appropriate for other purposes.
I would also like to remind listeners that the bank uses non-GAAP financial measures, such as adjusted results, to assess each of its businesses and to measure overall bank performance. The bank believes that adjusted results provide readers with a better understanding of how management views the bank's performance. Bharat will be referring to adjusted results in his remarks.
Additional information on items of note, the bank's use of non-GAAP and other financial measures, the bank's reported results and factors and assumptions related to forward-looking information, are all available in our Q2 2022 Report to Shareholders.
And with that, let me turn the presentation over to Bharat.
Thank you, Brooke, and thank you, everyone, for joining us today. Q2 was a good quarter for TD. Earnings were $3.7 billion, and EPS was $2.02. We had strong revenue performance, up 8% year-over-year, reflecting increased customer activity and the benefits of our deposit-rich franchise.
We delivered approximately 200 basis points of operating leverage across the enterprise as we continue to see strong returns from our investments. The bank's CET1 ratio ended the quarter at 14.7%, reflecting TD's consistent ability to generate capital organically. As Kelvin will discuss in his remarks, this quarter, we are activating the DRIP discount as a prudent response to changes in the operating environment.
Our proven business model enables us to continue to deliver for our shareholders, while building the better bank for our customers, colleagues and communities in the digital age. Let me now turn to each of our businesses and review some highlights from Q2.
Our Canadian Retail segment earned $2.2 billion. Revenue increased 9% driven by volume and fee income growth as customer activity continued to accelerate. The personal bank had a strong quarter. The power of our deposit franchise in this rising rate environment was amplified by significant growth this quarter, with deposits up 7% year-over-year.
Moreover, we are seeing strength in critical segments. For example, New to Canada account acquisition is up more than 100% year-over-year. In our real estate secured lending business, we are benefiting from a journey-based approach and seeing progress in everything, from adviser productivity, to pipeline management, to account retention. And in our branch network, we are seeing increased branch effectiveness in pull-through and conversion rates.
Our cards business continued to perform very well. Card retail sales were up 22% year-over-year, with a notable rebound in travel-related spend. Focus on creating deeper engagement and loyalty, we launched My TD Rewards, a new loyalty and rewards hub, where customers can easily access and redeem rewards and loyalty benefits online or on the go.
Through this platform, customers will be able to take advantage of an integrated partnership with Starbucks Canada, helping them unlock even more value on everyday purchases. This partnership adds to our existing programs with Air Canada, Amazon, Expedia and Canada Post as TD continues to collaborate with the biggest consumer brands in the world.
It was also a very strong quarter for the business bank, with double-digit growth in loans. And TD Auto Finance ranked highest in dealer satisfaction among non-captive lenders with retail credit by J.D. Power for the fifth year in a row.
In our Wealth business, net asset growth and higher fee-based revenue helped offset a moderation in Direct Investing trading volumes from the all-time peak we saw last year. We have taken market share in both direct investing as measured by new accounts, trades and revenue and private wealth management, demonstrating the strength of our offerings across investor segments. And TD Asset Management led the banking industry mutual funds sales for the second consecutive quarter.
The competitive advantage of our Insurance business was also evident in the quarter as we strengthened our #1 position in both the direct-to-consumer and affinity spaces. We also launched modernized cloud-based contact center capabilities, including leveraging AI for intent-based call routing. We believe that this investment, which we plan to roll out more broadly across the bank over time will enhance customer experience and accelerate response times.
Turning to the U.S. Retail, U.S. Retail Bank earned USD 769 -- USD 769 million in Q2. Excluding PPP runoff, commercial loan volumes continued their momentum quarter-over-quarter, with strong originations and increasing utilization rates. Credit card sales and auto loan originations were up 15% and 36% year-over-year, respectively. And we saw good retail deposit volume growth while benefiting from higher deposit margins in a rising rate environment.
To support commercial customers, we launched a pilot program with a leading fintech to automate cash management by embedding TD banking products and services directly into their enterprise resource planning and accounting software. We added a general purpose MasterCard to our offerings in Target's digital and store channels, further growing our strategic card partnership beyond the store-only REDcard.
We continue to innovate in the payment space. This quarter, TD Auto Finance became the first indirect auto lender in the U.S. to offer real-time payments throughout the day to our dealer clients nationwide rather than sending batch payments overnight, a significant benefit for our clients.
And we launched TD Home Access Mortgage, a new product designed to increase homeownership opportunities in Black and Hispanic communities across several markets within our footprint. TD also received an outstanding rating in its recently concluded Community Reinvestment Act examination.
With the contribution from our investment in Schwab of USD 177 million, segment earnings were USD 946 million this quarter. And we continue to make progress on our transaction with First Horizon. Since the agreement was announced in late February, our teams in the U.S. have been hard at work. We have held listening sessions and met with over 100 community groups across TD and First Horizon's footprints.
TD's commitment to local markets and our history of investment in the communities we serve were well received, and I'm pleased by the broad support we've heard for the transaction, including letters of support, contributed by hundreds of community groups as part of the regulatory public comment period process.
In our Wholesale Banking business, we delivered solid performance this quarter in a challenging market and geopolitical environment, with earnings of $359 million driven largely by higher trading revenues. This quarter, TD Securities was named the Overall Canadian Fixed-Income Service Quality leader in the Coalition Greenwich study for the fourth consecutive year.
And the business continues to be recognized for the investments we've made to strengthen our global platform and enhance the capabilities we offer our clients. TD Securities was top 3 in the overall commodities dealers category of the 2022 Energy Risk Commodity Rankings and was #2 (sic) [ #1 ] and #2 in base and precious metals, respectively.
Reflecting our leadership in sustainable finance, TD Securities was selected as co-structuring adviser and a joint lead manager on the Government of Canada's inaugural $5 billion green bond issuance, the largest Canadian green bond issued to date.
The bank also set interim finance emissions targets this quarter. To help support our net zero goals, we are focused on 2 high-emitting sectors, energy and power generation. And TD Securities will work closely with clients to support and enable their transitions to a low carbon future.
Overall, as I reflect on the quarter, I'm pleased with the way we have navigated the rapidly evolving environment. Credit performance remained strong, and we saw growth in our businesses. However, we're also seeing elevated uncertainty, higher inflation and increased risk of a potential economic slowdown. With our disciplined risk management approach and sustainable business model, TD is well positioned to face the challenges and seize the opportunities that lie ahead.
To continue to exceed the rapidly changing expectations of our customers, we've launched an initiative we call the Next Evolution of Work, or NEW, for short. Historically, the operating model of most banks, including TD, has been designed to support a smaller number of large-scale initiatives. It has served us well. However, it is not designed for the volume of change we are driving today and for what we will need to drive in the future.
With NEW, we are building upon our strengths by modernizing our operating model and technology capabilities. This includes focusing on customer journeys to foster continuous improvement, adapting certain functions of the organization to maximize cross-functional effectiveness, enabling new tooling and platform capabilities, including the use of the cloud, adopting agile at scale processes.
Key parts of the organizations have shifted to the NEW model so far, and we are seeing positive results, including faster time-to-market and greater efficiencies in how we are building and deploying technology. This is enabling us to move at the speed of the market and introduce new offers and services to our customers in a matter of weeks. It's still early days, but we are confident that we are on the right path.
TD also continues to lead the industry in AI innovation. For the second consecutive year, a Canadian banking app was honored by the Business Intelligence Group for AI-powered insights developed by Layer 6, our in-house AID. TD was also recognized by Celent, a global research and advisory firm focused on technology for financial institutions, as the winner of the 2022 Model Bank Award for Customer Engagement for our AI-powered digital experiences intended to improve financial outcomes for our customers.
We have world-leading AI capabilities at TD, and their applications extend far beyond banking. Last month, we were proud to announce our investment in Signal 1. Signal 1 will apply AI to help improve health care delivery for everyone, a clear need that has been amplified throughout the pandemic.
COVID-19 also heightened our focus on healthy facilities. This quarter, we were proud that TD achieved the WELL Health-Safety Rating certification across our entire North American Retail and Corporate real estate footprint, one of only a few organizations globally to have certified their entire portfolio.
And TD Bank, America's Most Convenient Bank was recognized by DiversityInc as a top company for diversity for the 10th consecutive year and by Forbes as one of the best employers for diversity for the fourth consecutive year. These awards only motivate us to work harder as we strive for a more diverse and inclusive future.
TD colleagues will contribute to that future, and we continue to invest in them as they are our most valuable asset. This quarter, I was pleased to announce a 3% pay raise or onetime cash award for the majority of our workforce below the Vice President level. After 2 years of effort, through challenging circumstances, it is the right thing to do, to deliver for all of our stakeholders. It is a privilege to work alongside our over 90,000 TD bankers around the globe, and I thank them for all they do every day.
With that, I'll turn things over to Kelvin. Kelvin?
Thank you, Bharat. Good afternoon, everyone. Please turn to Slide 11. This quarter, the bank reported earnings of $3.8 billion and earnings per share of $2.07, up 3% and 4%, respectively. Reported earnings included litigation settlement recovery.
Adjusted earnings were $3.7 billion and adjusted EPS was $2.02, down 2% and 1%, respectively. Reported and adjusted revenue increased 10% and 8% year-over-year, respectively, reflecting volume and margin growth in our Banking businesses, higher fee-based revenue in our Banking and Wealth businesses and prior year premium rebates for our Insurance customers, partially offset by lower transaction revenue in our Wealth business.
Reported revenue also includes an insurance recovery related to litigation. Provision for credit loss was $27 million. Expenses increased 5% year-over-year, reflecting higher spend supporting business growth and higher employee-related expenses, partially offset by prior year store optimization costs. Adjusted expenses also increased 5%.
Absent the retailers' partners net share of the profits from the U.S. strategic cards portfolio, adjusted expense growth was 6.5% year-over-year or 6.6% ex-FX. Consistent with prior quarters, Slide 25 shows how we calculate total bank PTPP and operating leverage removing the impact of the U.S. strategic cards portfolio, along with the impact of foreign currency translation and the insurance fair value change.
Reported total bank PTPP was up 16% year-over-year before these modifications, and adjusted PTPP was up 11% after these modifications, mainly reflecting higher revenues in our personal and commercial banking businesses. Please turn to Slide 12.
Canadian Retail net income for the quarter was $2.2 billion, up 2% year-over-year. Revenue increased 9%, reflecting volume growth, prior year premium rebates for Insurance customers and higher fee-based revenue in our Banking and Wealth businesses, partially offset by lower transaction revenue in our Wealth business.
Average loan volumes rose 9%, reflecting 8% growth in the personal volumes and 16% growth in business volume. Average deposits rose 8%, including 7% growth in personal volumes, 10% growth in business volumes and 10% growth in wealth deposits. Wealth assets increased 4%.
Net interest margin was 2.62%, up 9 basis points compared to the prior quarter, primarily due to higher margin on deposits reflecting the rising interest rate environment. Total PCL of $16 million increased $27 million sequentially. Total PCL as an annualized percentage of credit volume was 0.05%, up 2 basis points sequentially.
Insurance claims increased 34% year-over-year, reflecting the normalization of claims, partially offset by the favorable impact of a higher discount rate, which resulted in a similar decrease in fair value of investments supporting claims liability reported in noninterest income. Noninterest expenses increased 9% year-over-year, reflecting higher spend supporting business growth, including technology and marketing costs, higher employee-related expenses and variable compensation.
Please turn to Slide 13. U.S. Retail segment reported net income for the quarter was USD 1.1 billion, up 3% year-over-year. Adjusted net income was USD 946 million, down 10% year-over-year. U.S. Retail Bank reported net income was USD 902 million, up 6%, primarily reflecting higher revenue, partially offset by a lower recovery of PCL. U.S. Retail Bank adjusted net income was USD 769 million, down 10%, primarily due to a lower recovery of PCL, partially offset by higher revenue.
Reported and adjusted revenue increased 12% and 3% year-over-year, respectively, as the business overcame lower income from PPP loan forgiveness and lower gains on the sale of mortgage loans, with higher deposit volumes and margins and fee income growth from increased customer activity. Reported revenue includes an insurance recovery related to litigation of USD 177 million.
Average loan volumes decreased 4% year-over-year, reflecting a 4% increase in personal loans and an 11% decline in business loans or 3%, excluding PPP loans, primarily due to continued paydowns of commercial loans. Average deposit volumes, excluding sweep deposits, were up 10% year-over-year. Personal deposits were up 12%, and business deposits were up 7%. Sweep deposits declined 7%.
Net interest margin was 2.21%, flat sequentially, as higher deposit margins reflecting the rising interest rate environment were offset by lower PPP loan forgiveness, lower loan margins and higher prepayment income in the prior quarter.
On Slide 29, we have continued our disclosure on the impact of the PPP program. This quarter, PPP revenue contributed approximately $28 million to NII and 4 basis points to NIM. Most of the benefit of PPP revenue has now been realized.
Total PCL was a recovery of USD 15 million, a decline of $32 million sequentially. The U.S. Retail net PCL ratio, including only the bank's share of PCL for the U.S. strategic cards portfolio as an annualized percentage of credit volume, was minus 0.04%, lower by 8 basis points sequentially.
Expenses increased 2% year-over-year, reflecting higher employee-related expenses and business investments, partially offset by prior year store optimization costs, lower COVID-19 expenses and productivity savings in the current year. The contribution from TD's investment in Schwab was USD 177 million, down 9% from a year ago.
Please turn to Slide 14. Wholesale net income for the quarter was $359 million, a decrease of 6% year-over-year, reflecting higher noninterest expenses and a lower PCL recovery, partially offset by higher revenues. Revenue was $1.3 billion, up 8% year-over-year, primarily reflecting higher trading-related revenue, partially offset by lower underwriting fees.
PCL for the quarter was a recovery of $9 million compared with a recovery of $5 million in the prior quarter. Expenses increased 10% year-over-year, primarily reflecting the continued investments in Wholesale Banking's U.S. dollar strategy, including the hiring of banking, sales and trading and technology professionals and the acquisition of TD Securities Automated Trading, previously Headlands Tech Global Markets, LLC.
Please turn to Slide 15. The Corporate segment reported a net loss of $151 million in the quarter compared with a reported net loss of $186 million in the second quarter last year. The year-over-year decrease reflects lower net corporate expenses and lower amortization of intangibles. Net corporate expenses decreased $25 million compared to the same quarter last year. Adjusted net loss for the quarter was $79 million compared with an adjusted net loss of $106 million in the second quarter last year.
Please turn to Slide 16. The common equity Tier 1 ratio ended the quarter at 14.7%, down 49 basis points sequentially. We had strong organic capital generation this quarter, which added 45 basis points to CET1 capital. This was more than offset by an increase in RWA, the impact of the repurchase of common shares prior to the First Horizon acquisition announcement and the impact of our USD 494 million investment in First Horizon convertible preferred stock, which accounted for 8 basis points of CET1 capital.
We are activating the DRIP discount for our upcoming dividend as a prudent response to a number of developments and uncertainties in the operating environment. Inflationary pressures have led to greater volatility in interest rate markets. And there is increased possibility of an economic slowdown.
Conversely, should interest rates continue to rise, we would expect expanding margins for TD's Canadian and U.S. Retail segment and higher fair value accounting adjustments upon closing of the First Horizon transaction, which would result in a higher initial capital requirement and higher accretion of the fair value adjustments into earnings over time. We also expect the Canada recovery dividend to have an adverse impact to CET1.
Taking all of these developments and uncertainties into account, we believe it is appropriate to take steps to build our capital buffer to support continued business growth. RWA increased 4% quarter-over-quarter, mainly reflecting higher credit risk and market risk RWA. Credit risk RWA increased $13.9 billion or 4%, mainly reflecting higher volumes in Canadian Retail and Wholesale. Market risk RWA increased $3.6 billion or 18%, reflecting market volatility. The leverage ratio was 4.3% this quarter, and the LCR ratio was 119%, both well above regulatory minimums.
I will now turn the call over to Ajai.
Thank you, Kelvin, and good afternoon, everyone. Please turn to Slide 17. Gross impaired loan formations decreased 4 basis points quarter-over-quarter to 12 basis points, reflecting higher prior quarter formations in U.S. commercial, largely related to government-guaranteed Paycheck Protection Program loans.
Please turn to Slide 18. Gross impaired loans decreased 3 basis points quarter-over-quarter to a new cyclical low of 30 basis points, largely reflecting further resolution of Paycheck Protection Program loans in the U.S. commercial portfolio.
Please turn to Slide 19. Recall that our presentation reports PCL ratios both gross and net of the partner share of the U.S. strategic card PCLs. We remind you that PCLs recorded in the Corporate segment are fully absorbed by our partners and do not impact the bank's net income.
The bank recorded provisions of $27 million or 1 basis point this quarter, decreasing by $45 million quarter-over-quarter, reflecting lower impaired PCLs and a larger performing allowance release.
Please turn to Slide 20. The bank's impaired PCL was $314 million, decreasing by $15 million quarter-over-quarter and remaining at cyclically low levels. Performing PCL was a recovery of $287 million compared to a recovery of $257 million last quarter. The current quarter recovery reflects additional allowance releases across all segments.
Please turn to Slide 21. The allowance for credit losses decreased $231 million quarter-over-quarter to $6.9 billion or 87 basis points, reflecting improved credit conditions. However, the release was tempered due to the increased economic uncertainty largely related to geopolitical risks and inflation. The bank's allowance coverage remains elevated to account for this ongoing uncertainty that could affect the economic trajectory and credit performance.
In summary, the bank continued to exhibit strong credit performance this quarter as evidenced by lower gross impaired loan formations, gross impaired loans and PCLs. While these key credit metrics remain at or near cyclical low levels, economic uncertainty continues to be elevated. TD, however, remains well positioned, given we are adequately provisioned, we have a strong capital position and we have a business that is broadly diversified across products and geographies.
With that, operator, we are now ready to begin the Q&A session.
[Operator Instructions] So the first question is from Ebrahim Poonawala from Bank of America.
I guess I just wanted to follow up on capital and better understand, one, maybe for Kelvin, give us a sense of what the hit to CET1 would be if rates stay where they are and you were to close the deal today. If you could help us quantify that.
I'm just trying to understand the DRIP and whether, what, the initiation of the DRIP is just out of abundance of caution. Or is there a meaningful hit? So I would appreciate it if you could quantify what the impact would be from the movement in interest rates. And then I have a follow-up tied to capital and just how you're managing the results.
Just before Kelvin picks it up, Ebrahim, this is Bharat. Nice to hear you. Just I know there's been lots of questions on this. Kelvin told me on the earlier calls as well. Just to give you a sense here, historically, in the bank, this particular issue, we don't go out and hedge because if you look at the underlying offsets we have in the bank, the -- our bank itself, the net interest sensitivities, what happens to our earnings when rates go up, in this case, even earnings at First Horizon, what happens to them when rates are rising.
And then, finally, as Kelvin said in his comment on this one, this particular transaction, like whenever there's additional fair value adjustment will be offset with the accretion that we would earn after we close the transaction.
So I just wanted to provide you with that sense as to how we think about this. And this has been our framework for many, many years in all the acquisitions we have done. But maybe Kelvin can help you with some of the numbers you were asking of.
Yes. Thanks, Bharat. I think, in other words, we do have a natural hedge when interest rates rise because we see margin expansion in both our Canadian and U.S. businesses, including underlying earnings of First Horizon.
But maybe I can just give you more of a sensitivity measure because this number would move around. It's about 50 basis points. For every 50 basis point increase is about $350 million on an after-tax basis.
That's extremely helpful. And I totally get it, Bharat, in terms of it's just a timing issue, where it has come through earnings over a period of time. And just on First Horizon, and one more question in that, I think, the U.S. regulatory process has become a little more prolonged over the last year. One of the concerns that I heard is TD, uniquely the G-SIB relative to the other bank M&A that's been announced.
I would love to hear your thoughts around, one, conviction level in terms of getting the deal through the regulatory sort of finish line. And is TD different than the other 5 transactions that are out there because of being a G-SIB?
Well, I don't want to comment on what the other transactions there might be, but we feel very comfortable. Our process continues. And we did this transaction on the basis that regular -- it meets all the requirements of all the regulators. So we continue to be comfortable and are working hard to get it to closing. And so I don't think it would be appropriate for me to comment on how this compares to other deals out there because each one has its own unique feature.
That's fair. And just one last for Ajai, on reserves. Like you still have loan loss allowance, which is about $1.3 billion more than pre-COVID levels, or $1.4 billion. We've seen some of your peers take reserves down to pre-COVID or below.
Is this entire excess is of just because of the uncertain macro backdrop? And could this flow into earnings? Or is there something else going on with regards to mix or how you perceive the portfolio?
Yes. Thanks for the questions -- the question and let me respond. So what I would say is expect prudence from us. There is uncertainty out there. And the sources, as I said, even on the last call, are changing.
Our allowance really accounts for this uncertainty that's out there. Having said that, if the macro conditions improve and the uncertainty reduces, then yes, we would be looking to release more results. But as you're aware, the situation is quite fluid right now. And what the future holds, who knows.
But to the extent we are in a recessionary scenario or even in a stagflation kind of scenario, it is possible we may have to build results. I think, at this point, because we are seeing all this uncertainty, we're just being very prudent, very careful, thoughtful and deliberate in how we are releasing our results. So hopefully, that helps.
Next question is from Scott Chan from Canaccord Genuity.
So just on personalizing, you talked about like a lot of town halls with senior executives. And Bharat, maybe at a high level, have you learned anything on these meetings after the announcement that you could possibly share, maybe in terms of people or culture or anything like that?
I'll pass it on to Leo in a second. I attended some meetings with the various groups, and it was terrific to engage. And TD Bank, America's Most Convenient Bank and TD generally have always been well received in the communities. Our purpose is to enrich the lives, not only of our customers and our colleagues, but of our communities as well.
And that has played well in all these meetings we've had. But maybe Leo can give you more color because Leo was in various meetings himself and his old team as well and can give you a bit of a color on the meetings we've had.
Sure, Scott. Thank you very much for the question. We've had the opportunity to essentially do 15 town halls across 13 cities over the course of the last 4 weeks. And it's been a terrific opportunity to get to know the entire organization. We met with over 6,000 employees.
I would say a couple of things that stood out, and I think more it falls in like in the category of reaffirming our beliefs going in. One, there's no question First Horizon is a very strong commercial bank, with very strong and deep ties in the local communities, and that came across and the talent in that space, we view, is going to be very additive as we continue to build our commercial bank and as we continue to try to grow the middle-market space.
I think the distribution that they have built across the Southeast is very compelling. They've got 412 branches. We got a chance to actually visit in many of those cities that are experiencing above-average population growth and above-average banking formation. And I think we're quite excited about how we can bring our retail model to bear, a model that served us very well in the East Coast, bring that to be able to grow the Retail franchise. And so I think that was quite encouraging.
But I think probably the thing that I would harp on the most is just the culture. I think it's an organization that's sort of humble at its core, but very ambitious in terms of what they want to achieve and very committed to serving their clients and their local communities. And I think that certainly resonates with us. It's how we built our franchise in the U.S., and we look forward to bringing these 2 organizations together.
And really, the time that's been spent most recently is working very closely in our work streams to start to stitch together what the combined organization is going to look like. And I look forward to sharing some of our progress on that end on future calls.
Next question is from Meny Grauman from Scotiabank.
Sticking to First Horizon, the community meeting is coming up for August. And I'm wondering if any concessions are likely in that -- through that process.
Sorry, Meny, just to make sure we understand. What do you mean by concession?
Specifically, I'm wondering, specifically, about overdraft. Could there be a scenario where you have to do something more on overdraft fees overall for your U.S. business? Is there a risk there for that?
I will let Leo answer. But I think all these community arrangements are pretty consistent. It's how they work, and we would expect to follow a similar line.
But Leo, do you have any further color on that?
So Meny, I can just give you -- maybe just to go back to what I shared last quarter. We are executing the overdraft strategy that we shared with you before. In fact, on April 8, we implemented the new minimum threshold for overdraft fees, increasing it to $50, and that was a big part of the changes that we had proposed.
We've got a series of other changes planned for the fourth quarter. The impact of those is tracking very much to what we shared in terms of the guidance that we provided last quarter. The only additional change that we've made in the interim and is unrelated to First Horizon, quite frankly, is the fact that we are going to go to 0 on our NSF fees. So that was the one incremental change from last quarter's overall impact.
I can quantify that for you. It will be less than $40 million a year. So it's not material on its own. But those changes, we believe, that collectively, those that we've announced last quarter, plus the NSF fee, puts us in a very competitive space. And I think it provides our clients with choice and value.
So we're quite comfortable with the changes we've made from an overdraft standpoint. We are working, just to your point, on the community discussions. We have met with community leaders, over 100 community leaders in 5 listening tours that was organized by the NCRC. And those have been quite useful and that will be the -- that input will be the groundwork for the actual community benefit agreement that will strike over time. That's unrelated to the public hearing itself.
Got it. And then just as a follow-up. In the U.S. business, you highlight the lower fee income from overdraft and overdraft changes and then lower gains on the sale of mortgage loans. I'm wondering if you could break out the impact of both of those and how we should think about that going forward as well.
Well, I would say, from an overdraft standpoint, we implemented April 8. So it was a relatively small time series. The overall impact, which I shared with you last quarter, was that the aggregate impact of all the changes was $250 million. And to that, you should add the $40 million number. And that will give you a sense of what the impact is going to be related to overdraft.
With regards to some of the other changes, prepayment and some of the gain on sale mortgages, it really depends on market conditions. So I wouldn't necessarily read too much into it. To the extent that market conditions change, we would certainly look to seeing those numbers ebb and flow over time.
I would say, I do want to just comment that as we continue to grow our Wealth franchise, as we continue to lean into growing our core checking account base and continue to accelerate the growth in our cards business, we would expect us to be able to generate fee income from those activities to be able to help compensate some of the declines in the overdraft space.
Next question is from Sohrab Movahedi from BMO Capital Markets.
Just 2 quickies here. Leo, you obviously have spent a lot of time since announcing the First Horizon. Are you able to also talk about where some of -- to quantify some revenue synergies that may be coming?
Sohrab, thanks again for the question. As I shared the last time we were together, we didn't, in our model, we didn't put revenue synergies in the model. Now that said, I do believe there's some really compelling opportunities as we bring our 2 organizations together, which will undoubtedly generate revenue synergies.
I think top of that list is bringing our 2 commercial banks together, playing a much bigger role in the mid-market space, when you combine some of their capabilities, our balance sheet and the TD Securities product base. There's no question in my mind that, that will be a platform for us to be able to grow and grow at an accelerated pace over time.
I mentioned, on the previous -- to the previous question, the opportunity in the retail space. I'm excited about what we might be able to do. If you simply take the penetration rates that we enjoy today on some of our product sets and bring that to the First Horizon base, that would be another source of significant synergy that we can build.
So we'll work through those. And certainly, we'll try to prioritize that as part of our overall integration efforts. Obviously, we provided a $610 million expense guidance in terms of synergies, but we're equally going to be leaning in on these revenue synergies because I think it's exciting. It will help us accelerate the, again, the growth of the franchise overall.
Okay. Exciting but not quantifiable yet. Is that the right way to think about it?
We're working through those. But suffice to say that we're very optimistic.
Okay. And Kelvin, just for clarification, the sensitivity -- I think the capital sensitivity you provided of about $350 million for every 50 basis points, I think, in rate hikes, was that in Canadian dollars, or is that in U.S. dollars?
That would be in U.S. dollars.
So USD 350 million for every 50 basis points in Fed rate hikes. Is that the right way to think about it?
Yes.
Next question is from Gabriel Dechaine, National Bank Financial.
Just to clarify that one. The $350 million, that's not a -- that's an increase in goodwill or an increase in CET1 consumption?
It would be an increase in goodwill.
Okay. And when you talk about the timing where you make that up with asset accretion over time, what kind of time frame? Is that a 3-year time frame, a 5-year time frame, that you would expect that? I'm trying to think maybe along the lines of asset duration.
Yes. Along the line of asset duration, typically 4 to 5 years.
Got it. Expenses, you, along with other banks, you've announced some wage hikes for most of your employees. Just wondering how that plays out in terms of your near-term and -- near-term outlook, yes, near-term outlook for positive operating leverage and yes, and efficiency ratio improvement. Is it likely that we could see you have 0 operating leverage this -- in the second half or what?
Yes. So when we look at operating leverage, like we don't manage expenses on a quarter-to-quarter, it's more on a medium-term basis. And so we continue to work towards building positive operating leverage over that time frame. And to help you quantify the expense impact of the 3%, it's about $290 million on a run rate annualized basis.
Next question is from Nigel D'Souza from Veritas Investment.
I just had a quick question for you first, just to clarify some of your information on Slide 35, with your loan-to-value disclosure. The HELOC LTVs on that slide, I just wanted to clarify, that is inclusive of the mortgage balances associated with those properties as well.
It should be, yes.
Okay. So when I'm looking at those LTVs, the HELOC LTV is actually below the LTV in your mortgage book, which is I wonder if you could possibly follow-up on that because I would think borrowers with mortgages plus HELOCs would have higher LTVs than borrowers with just mortgages.
We'll have to take that away. We'll have to look at the data and come back to you on that.
Okay. Sure. So if I could switch gears to your allowances. I can understand how a deterioration in forward-looking indicators can lead to less reversals or more built-in provisions. But when I look at your Stage 2 loans, you have about 7% of your total loan portfolio sitting in Stage 2. Before the pandemic, that was closer to 3%. So you're running at about 2 to 3x your Stage 2 -- pre-pandemic Stage 2 loan levels. Just wondering why those loans still haven't migrated to Stage 1 and what's preventing that migration.
Yes. So we saw a lot of migration to Stage 2 through the pandemic. And I would say, over the last few quarters, we've seen a lot of migration back. Not all the loans are migrated back because of the uncertainty out there and because of the macroeconomic scenarios we're using.
What you got to keep in mind is these Stage 2 loans don't just reflect delinquency numbers. But to the extent the macroeconomic scenarios drive different PDs, you're at a different stage of your loan. So over time, as I said, if the macro conditions improve, we should see more migration and if the uncertainty reduces. However, things could go the other way as well. As I said, it's pretty fluid right now, the whole situation.
Okay. But fair to say that the Stage 2 loans have a higher PD than your Stage 1 loans? And...
That's right.
Okay. I'm looking at your forward-looking indicator disclosure this quarter. When I look at the downside scenario, you now have a scenario where rates could move higher in the short term and real GDP could decline. So is that representative of your stagflation scenario? And how does that impact your expected credit loss modeling this quarter?
Yes. So our downside case is a formal stagflation, for sure. So higher inflation, lower GDP. What's the second part of your question?
How did it impact your expected credit loss modeling and provisions for performing loans this quarter by introducing that scenario?
Yes. So we didn't change the weight on the downside. And if you look overall, like the uncertain macro situation and the downside and the weight on the downside is a factor, led us to actually temper the release, which is what we called out. So overall macro between the base and the downside actually led to a tempering of our release.
Got it. And last question for me. When I look at that downside scenario, the assumption you have for home prices is about the same as your base case scenario despite rates moving higher in the downside scenario. So should we take that away as an expectation -- your expectation that home prices are going to remain where they are, now that declining rates move up in the...
That's a great question, and thank you for calling it out. And let me talk about housing just for a minute. So I think the starting point for housing is really 2 years ago. And the big increase that we've seen in house prices over the last 2 years, I believe that number is 45%, is actually a material risk mitigant for our book.
When we did our allowance scenarios, and this is partly because of timing, we did view that there would be some price growth, both in the base and the downside case. And the reason for that is there are many supporting factors, including unemployment, income levels, supply constraints and of course, the population growth.
Our house view, however, there's been recent data, and our house view has adapted. And I would say now, we are expecting some correction in the housing market. And some of that 45% gain that I talked about is going to recalibrate. So we would see some unwinding of that in the coming quarters.
And we did actually take that into consideration in our allowance process and put in an overlay. But what I drive comfort from is a few things. One is our customer base and their risk profile is strong. Second, our underwriting standards haven't really changed, and they've been through the cycle.
Third is we are using a qualifying rate, okay, a stress rate to approve these loans. And lastly, and this is an important point, the job market is still very strong. So we'll relook at it next quarter, but it's not like we completely ignored it. And those numbers that you call out, it was a point in time, yes, and you're right in calling it out.
Next question is from Lemar Persaud from Cormark Securities.
Hopefully, just a quick modeling question to start off with here. I think I heard in the opening remarks, there is either a 3% pay rate -- pay raise or a onetime cash award. I wonder if you could split out how big the onetime cash award was in noninterest expenses since presumably it would be nonrecurring in nature.
Yes. Hi, it's Kelvin. That's right. The onetime cash award is only $10 million and it is onetime.
Okay. Inconsequential then. Okay then, then to my real question here. I just want to come back to the discussion on capital, particularly as it relates to First Horizon. I understand that you get the benefits of additional accretion from higher rates or that natural hedge you're referring to when the deal closes. But does [ it often ] take that into consideration? Or would [ it often get to what it was ], the CET1 ratio, even if temporarily, it kind of touched the 10.5%?
Hard to comment. This is Bharat, Lemar. Great question. Hard to comment on exactly how the regulators look at this, but this has been our traditional way of doing it. And we've been prudent capital managers. So I feel comfortable that not only will we close the transaction the way we have intended, but we'll have capital levels that will meet all regulatory requirements.
Yes, maybe I can just clarify the -- so the accretion post day 1 would be an add to capital, post day 1, okay? And then but what we talk about is the natural hedge is not just post day 1, as well rate increases during this period, First Horizon would earn more revenue and so does the bank in terms of the Canadian Retail and the U.S. business. And so all of that acts as a natural hedge as well.
Next question is from Paul Holden from CIBC.
Sorry to belabor at this point, but I'm going to have to ask a follow-up question on this, First Horizon first -- fair value adjustment. So one is if there's a plausible scenario where rates increase significantly between now and then and then a possibility that rates decrease thereafter.
Would that therefore suggest you would take a goodwill impairment charge later on down the road and then thereby decrease your capital associated with the transaction? Is that how to think about the natural hedge in that type of scenario?
It's Kelvin here. Like the goodwill write-down is a significant event, and it's not just based on rates alone, like if you have to look at the entire business and the value that it generates. So I wouldn't draw the conclusion between those 2.
Okay. And so how do we think about you earning that back? So in that type of scenario again, rates move higher significantly in the next 6, 9 months. But then if there is a recession, they're going to come back down.
Yes. So the way -- this is really the accounting of the business acquisition. So on -- I'm going to get a little bit technical here, so bear with me.
So on closing, what you do is you write down the fair value of the -- so let's say, the loans is at par and you write it down to $30. And over time, that $70 would accrete to par 100. So all of that would get back to you as you collect that cash and will come into earnings.
I understand. Okay. So the other question I wanted to ask was just on your underwriting appetite. Today, you've been very clear in terms of how you're managing your credit allowances and taking a conservative view. You also made some comments about expecting housing prices perhaps to decline here. Does that mean you decrease your underwriting appetite or really, I guess, tighten up your credit parameters today?
Yes, it's Ajai. So the simple answer is no. We're not going to change our credit parameters. I think you've heard from us many times, where through the cycle underwriters, and we would like to keep our underwriting standards consistent and that's the intent, so we would not change our underwriting standards, unless we thought there was going to be unexpected loss.
So consistent underwriting standards should be expected from us. The other sort of comment I would make is that we're actually seeing very good quality on our resi book, whether it's HELOC or residential mortgages.
We're like -- if you look at delinquencies, charge-offs, formations, gross impaired loans, they're at historical lows. And you look at our origination metrics, you look at our customer quality, just the scores, they're in very good shape. And the customers are in very good shape.
So I know things are changing and we need to monitor how things will change and how customer attributes may change. And to the extent they change, we'll certainly factor it into our allowance process. But as of now, like we feel pretty good about the quality of our book.
Next question is from Joo Ho Kim from Crédit Suisse.
Just a quick question on U.S. Retail. I'm wondering what you're seeing in terms of client demand and utilization for commercial loans, that the rate of decline seems to have slowed down. And I think a part of that is the PPP impact diminishing. I'm just wondering where we could start seeing that commercial loan growth pick up ahead.
Yes. Thank you very much for the question. You're right. We did see really an acceleration in terms of commercial lending in the quarter. Just to give you a sense, gross originations increased 47% year-on-year. And probably more relevant is that we saw a slowdown in some of the paydown activities. And line utilization, which is a number we do provide, increased by 250 basis points.
So you put those 3 factors together, and it resulted into strong in-quarter spot growth of about 3%. So we're pleased with that. And now, if I can give you a little bit more color as to where because I think it's important, we're seeing that growth in the middle-market space and in our specialty lending businesses, so health care, municipal, not-for-profit education, some of the more established verticals that we have.
What we're still not seeing is quite as much demand, loan demand in the small business and sort of lower end of our community banking space. And those -- I think those businesses are still trying to find their way post-pandemic. And so I think it's going to take a little longer to see some of the growth that we would like from those sectors. But I'm really pleased with what we saw in the quarter, certainly from our established mid-market and specialty businesses. And I'm certainly encouraged.
Now there's -- to the point that Ajai raised, there's plenty of uncertainty in the marketplace right now. So I'm encouraged by it, but we remain cautious with regards to the outlook.
And just a quick follow-up on capital. Just I know there was a lot of discussion on it, but just a quick one. Given the discount on the DRIP and the sort of the constructive, I guess, growth outlook ahead, if you could speak to whether there's any change in where you see the CET1 ratio landing after the First Horizon acquisition closes, if there's any change.
Yes. Hi, it's Kelvin. No, we don't see any changes.
And last question is from Darko Mihelic from RBC Capital Markets.
2 questions. One is for Riaz. I guess the other one is maybe for Kelvin, maybe for Bharat. Just going back to this capital thing for a moment. When you announced the First Horizon deal, you mentioned -- you terminated the NCIB, which makes sense. But you didn't announce the DRIP then.
So what has changed from then until now, to sort of make you guys think about employing the DRIP? I mean I can think of one thing, which is maybe the federal budget, but I would have thought that the environment looked pretty gruesome back then and rate increases were already factored into your thought process. So I just want to make sure there isn't anything there that I missed. Like what has actually changed since February, to now, that says you have to use a DRIP?
I think you see a lot of uncertainty out there, Darko. You see the volatility in the markets, the volatilities. This is quite intense. And I think you know us. We've been prudent here. We want to make sure that we're covering off all the bases. And we would rather have this than to say, "All right, we'll just get by."
It's -- for us, this is the prudent approach, and it's the right thing to do given the uncertain environment we live in. And February -- since February, things have changed. The war is a reality in Europe. You see energy prices in -- all over the place. So there is a lot of volatility here. And as is usual from TD, to address volatility and uncertainty of this type, we want to be prudent.
Is it too late to hedge now, Bharat?
It's not been our approach. The natural way we look at it is it has served us well, and I'm sure it will serve us well here as well. So we are quite comfortable with the approach we have taken. I think Kelvin has explained to you the accounting. And I know, before this deal ends, each one of you are going to become experts in purchase accounting and now exactly what are the puts and takes on this.
But we feel very comfortable. Look at TD's net interest rate sensitivity, if that is what you're worried about, look at First Horizon's net interest sensitivity and then, of course, the accretion that comes after closing. So I think, overall, we feel very comfortable, but we want to maintain a particular level of capitalization given the volatility that we -- all of us are experiencing.
Okay. And a real quick question on TD Securities. I have seen now with all wholesale businesses that we saw a pretty big increase in loans, average loans on the balance sheet. The one thing that I always found odd with TD Securities though is you've got a very low margin on that loan book once I take out the trading component to your NII, and it really fell quarter-over-quarter.
Am I looking at that wrong? Or is there some sort of explanation as to why a little bit of loan growth causes such a big drop in the margin on those assets of TD Securities?
Yes. Thanks for that, Darko. Look, I think, I mean, our aggregate loan book of some $4 billion has components of corporate lending, prime brokerage securitizations and other similar products. So the margin that you would be looking at would be an aggregation of those. And then as we -- as cost of funds increase, you can see that margin comes down a little bit. In some areas, we're able to adjust the margins fairly quickly, and then the corporate lending book, as you know, is maybe the last product that tends to adjust to margins.
So we're basically just continuing to make sure that we're managing that book prudently and pricing it to make sure that we are supporting the clients that we want to support and earning the returns that we need to earn.
Okay. I may follow up with you afterwards, just there may be a mechanism of my math behind why your margin is so much lower versus peers. So I would love to have a follow-up, if we could.
And Darko, your point on -- I guess, it's a good way to say, never say never. When I say we're very comfortable with our position now, but I don't want to be guessing and be clairvoyant of what the world markets might do. So I'll never say never, but very comfortable with the approach we have taken historically and where we are in the cycle. Based on what we see, we continue to feel very comfortable.
There are no further questions registered at this time. I would like to return the call over to Bharat Masrani for closing remarks.
Thank you, operator, and thank you all for joining us. I know it's been a busy day. I appreciate everybody taking the time. And like I said, before the end of this year, all of you are going to become experts on purchase accounting, which is great for everybody's benefit. But once again, we have very good numbers from TD.
I would like to take this opportunity to thank our 90,000 bankers around the world. They continue to deliver for all of our stakeholders, including our shareholders. So I really appreciate everything they do.
And we'll see you folks in the next 90 days. Thank you very much.
Thank you. Your conference has now ended. Please disconnect your lines at this time, and we thank you for your participation.