Canadian Western Bank
TSX:CWB
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Canadian Western Bank
Earnings Call Analysis
Q3-2024 Analysis
Canadian Western Bank
The company reported a 6% increase in net interest income, resulting in a sequential growth in total revenue. This was primarily driven by a favorable asset yield environment and effective funding strategies that optimized the cost of funds. The net interest margin (NIM) increased by 9 basis points from the previous quarter, a positive indicator of the bank’s ability to manage its interest-earning assets effectively. Despite the reduction in noninterest income by 4% due to fluctuations in debt securities and foreign exchange income, the overall operating performance remained solid.
One of the more concerning aspects of the quarter was a significant increase in provisions for credit losses, primarily attributed to unexpected difficulties with two specific loans. The total provision for credit losses was reported at 59 basis points, with a significant 33 basis-point increase observed from the previous quarter. This raises questions about the overall credit quality; however, management indicated that outside these incidents, general credit quality remains stable and expect returns to normal historical loss ranges moving forward.
Looking ahead, the company expects adjusted earnings per share for Q4 to fall in the range of $0.86 to $0.91, suggesting a slight recovery. They anticipate continued loan growth with a disciplined approach to risk, focusing on optimizing risk-adjusted returns. The management emphasized that a strong growth pipeline in commercial lending would support this outlook.
The CET1 capital ratio improved to approximately 10.2% during the quarter, reflecting effective capital management despite higher credit losses. The Board declared a consistent dividend of $0.35 per share, which is an increase from the previous year, signaling confidence in the bank’s financial health amid external pressures.
During the call, management also discussed the definitive agreement with National Bank, which is expected to enhance growth opportunities while expanding service offerings. Integrating services and optimizing operations are central themes as they prepare for the regulatory approvals needed to finalize the merger.
The rise in gross impaired loans, which increased to 124 basis points, raises potential concerns about future loan performance amid sustained higher interest rates and evolving economic conditions. Two specific loans causing provisions were described as idiosyncratic events and not indicative of wider trends within the portfolio.
In summary, while CWB's financials display positive growth trends, the significant rise in credit loss provisions cannot be ignored. Investors should remain vigilant concerning the underlying health of the loan portfolio but may find reassurance in the bank's robust capital position and the positive trajectory of interest income. The ongoing merger with National Bank presents further opportunities for enhanced growth, signaling that CWB is positioning itself for a stronger competitive stance in the market.
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Good morning. My name is Joanna and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to CWB's Third Quarter 2021 Financial Results Conference Call and webcast. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speakers' remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] I will turn the call over to Chris Williams, Assistant Vice President, Investor Relations. Please go ahead, Chris.
Good morning, and welcome to our third quarter 2024 Financial Results Conference Call. We'll begin this morning's presentation with opening remarks from Chris Fowler, President and Chief Executive Officer; followed by Matt Rudd, Chief Financial Officer; and Carolina parra, Chief Risk Officer. Also present today are Stephen Murphy, Group Head, Commercial, Personal and Wealth; and Jeff Wright, Group Head, Client Solutions and Specialty businesses. After prepared remarks, they will be available to take your questions. As noted on Slide 2, statements may be made on this call that are forward-looking in nature, which involve assumptions that have inherent risks and uncertainties.
Actual results could differ materially from these statements. I would also remind listeners that the bank uses non-GAAP financial measures to arrive at adjusted results. Management measures performance on a reported and adjusted basis and considers both to be useful in assessing underlying business performance. I will now turn the call to Chris Fowler, who will begin his discussion on Slide 4.
Thank you, Chris, and good morning, everyone.
Our teams delivered 4% growth of pretax pre-provision income in the third quarter through targeted loan growth and optimized funding that drove significant improvement in net interest margin. Our strong operating performance was more than offset by a significant increase in the provision for credit losses on impaired loans. The increase primarily related to 2 loans were borrower-specific circumstances resulted in unusually large provisions for these specific exposures. Outside of these 2 exposures, the credit quality of our portfolios has evolved largely as anticipated.
Coming into the quarter, we expected that the sustained impact of higher interest rates, coupled with the current economic environment will result in elevated borrower default rates and impaired loan formations over the remainder of the year, and that remains consistent with our view looking forward into the fourth quarter.
We remain confident in our secured lending model. Our historic approach has been to manage our portfolio with secured loans that allow us to proactively work with clients through difficult periods, and this has been an effective approach to minimize realized losses on the resolution of impaired loans. Subsequent to the quarter end, we encountered unusual circumstances as we worked to resolve 2 impaired loans that resulted in a significant reduction in the expected value of our security. We appropriately adjusted our provisions for credit losses to reflect this new information in our Q3 financial results, which was primarily the cause of the increase in the provision for credit losses from the prior quarter. Carolina's team has completed a deep dive of our unsatisfactory portfolio, and I personally review their assessment. Outside of the 2 loans noted, we continue to see structures that are consistent with their strong historical practices and provide good optionality to resolve the unsatisfactory loans.
This gives me confidence that our credit losses will return towards our normal historic range in Q4. We maintained our very disciplined approach to loan growth to optimize our risk-adjusted returns. As shown on Slide 5, we delivered 5% general commercial loan growth on an annual basis, reflecting solid nationwide growth. This performance supports 11% average annual loan growth in the strategically targeted category over the last 5 years.
General commercial clients continue to represent a significant opportunity for CWB to provide our full suite of lending and business banking services and increase our revenues through lower cost deposits, transactional service fees and wealth management opportunities. Our highly disciplined lending approach has also resulted in selective originations in our combined commercial real estate portfolios again this quarter. Commercial mortgages declined 8% from last year, with new origination volume more than offset by scheduled repayments and loan payouts as fewer relending opportunities met our risk-adjusted return expectations.
Real estate project loans also decreased 4% from last year as the lower the user volume of new project starts from our top-tier borrowers which more than offset by payoffs associated with project completions. Subsequently, we're seeing growing momentum in real estate project lending activity, and we delivered 3% growth over Q2.
Credit performance in both portfolios remain strong and reflects our prudent risk appetite and underwriting standards that have supported our long history of strong credit performance. As we look forward, our teams remain focused on delivering differentiated client service and profitable growth. We expect continued sequential loan growth in the final quarter of the year within our disciplined risk appetite and risk-adjusted pricing framework. I'll now turn the call over to Matt, who will discuss our funding and provide greater detail on our third quarter financial performance.
Thanks, Chris. Good morning, everyone. Starting on Slide 7. On an annual basis, franchise deposits remained relatively consistent. 16% increase in term deposits was offset by a 7% decline in demand and notice deposits. Lower demand and notice deposits primarily reflected a reduction in existing customer account balances as clients have deployed excess savings over the past year.
For clients that have retained excess savings, we noted a continued preference for term deposits in the current rate environment. Capital market deposits decreased 9% as several senior deposit note maturities were replaced with broker-sourced term deposits. That was due to the lower relative cost of those deposits at that time. Broker term deposits remained relatively consistent with the prior year. On a sequential basis, franchise deposits increased 1%, that was primarily driven by a 3% increase in term deposits. Demand in notice deposits remained relatively consistent with the prior quarter.
Capital market deposits increased 13%, while broker deposits remained relatively flat as we optimized our use of funding channels to reduce our overall funding cost this quarter. We expect franchise deposit growth to remain approximately flat for the fourth quarter, and we'll continue to optimize our funding costs using our broad range of channels to support further expansion of our net interest margin.
Our performance compared to the same quarter last year is shown on Slide 8. We incurred additional costs this quarter that are directly associated with the potential National Bank transaction. These costs had a $0.15 negative impact on diluted earnings per share but have been removed from our adjusted performance metrics. Adjusted earnings per share decreased $0.28 from the prior year, and that was driven entirely by a higher provision for credit losses. In the prior year, our provision for credit losses of 16 basis points was below our historic range of 18 to 23 basis points. And in the current quarter, as Chris discussed, our provision for credit losses was significantly outside of our normal historic range, driven primarily by 2 credit losses.
Outside of the increase in credit losses this quarter, our operating performance was solid. Growth in revenue contributed $0.11 and outpace the $0.07 earnings per share decline from the growth in adjusted noninterest expenses. Within our revenue, higher net interest income increased earnings per share by $0.09, and that was primarily due to a 12 basis point increase in net interest margin. Higher noninterest income contributed $0.02.
Our higher noninterest expenses were primarily associated with the opening of our new Toronto Financial District and Kitchener banking centers, an increase in deposit insurance costs and the investment in our digital capabilities. Our preferred share dividend distributions reduced earnings per share by $0.01. Prior quarter EPS comparison is shown on Slide 9. The decline in diluted EPS, again included a $0.15 impact from costs directly associated with the potential National Bank transaction. Adjusted earnings per share decreased $0.21 from the prior quarter, driven by the increased credit losses recognized this quarter that we've already discussed.
Strong sequential growth in net interest income increased earnings per share by $0.11, while lower noninterest income reduced EPS by $0.01. The EPS contribution from higher total revenue of $0.10 outpaced the impact of higher adjusted noninterest expenses, which reduced EPS by $0.05.
Other items reduced EPS by $0.02 and primarily reflected the usual increase in LRCN distributions between second and third quarter and an increase in the effective tax rate, but that was primarily due to the impact of onetime adjustments that reduced our effective tax rate last quarter.
As shown on Slide 10, revenue was higher on a sequential basis. Higher revenue reflected a 6% increase in net interest income, partially offset by a 4% decrease in noninterest income. Lower noninterest income was driven by reductions in the fair value of select debt securities and lower foreign exchange income. That was partially offset by higher credit-related and wealth management fees.
Net interest margin increased 9 basis points from the prior quarter. NIM benefited from a 6 basis point impact of higher fixed-term asset yields, which continue to outpace the growth in fixed term funding costs. An improved asset mix provided a 5 basis point benefit to NIM that was reflective of loan growth that was targeted to optimize our risk-adjusted returns, and we had lower average liquidity this quarter.
These benefits were partially offset by lower loan-related fees, which reduced net interest margin by 2 basis points. The 50 basis points of Bank of Canada policy rate decreases this quarter had a negligible impact to our NIM. We expect continued growth of net interest margin in the fourth quarter driven by loan growth targeted to optimize risk-adjusted returns while we maintain our focus on funding optimization. The drivers of our sequential CET1 improvement are shown on Slide 11. Our CET1 ratio increased 12 basis points to approximately 10.2% this quarter. The resiliency of our regulatory capital was demonstrated this quarter. Our pre-provision earnings absorbed credit losses that were significantly outside of our historic range and generated sufficient capital to support the targeted growth of our assets.
The main driver of the increase in our capital ratios this quarter was the increase in fair value of debt securities in our liquidity portfolio, which are recognized in other comprehensive income. Our Board declared a common share dividend yesterday of $0.35 per share, consistent with the dividend declared last quarter and up $0.02 from the dividend declared last year. I'll now turn the call over to Carolina who will speak to our credit performance.
Thank you, Matt, and good morning, everyone. I will begin my remarks on Slide 13. Total gross impaired loans represented 124 basis points of gross loans, which is 24 basis points higher than last quarter. The increase in gross impaired loans was driven by new formations of impaired loans of $170 million this quarter, reflecting the impact of sustained higher interest rates, overall economic conditions and for 2 individual exposures for specific circumstances that were related to economic conditions -- unrelated to economic conditions.
During these 2 flaws, our portfolios continue to perform as expected in the current economic environment as outlined last quarter. As Chris discussed, we have completed a deep dive of our unsatisfactory portfolio, and we continue to see prudent loan to values and good optionality to resolve these exposures.
This supports our confidence that our strong credit risk management framework will continue to be effective in minimizing realized losses on the resolutions of impaired loans. As shown on Slide 14, the performing loan allowance increased 2% sequentially, primarily reflecting the larger loan balances and higher default rates and partially offset by improvements in the forecasted macroeconomic conditions. The total provision for credit losses was 59 basis points. The current quarter impaired loan provision for credit losses represented 57 basis points, reflecting a 33 basis points increase from the prior quarter, which primarily reflects the 2 specific exposures that we have previously discussed.
Outside of these exposures, our credit performance this quarter was relatively consistent with the prior quarter and reflected increased order or default rates and the emergence of lower-than-expected realization values, which increased the impaired loan provision for credit losses.
Looking forward, the sustained impact of higher interest rates in the current economic environment is expected to continue to result in elevated borrowing default rates and impaired loan formations over the remainder of the year.
Despite the unusually large provisions for credit losses in the third quarter, our prudent lending approach supports our expectations that our provisions for credit losses will trend towards our normal historical range in the fourth quarter. I will now turn the call back to Chris Fowler for his closing remarks and outlook.
Thank you, Carolina. Turning to Slide 16. As we move into the final quarter of the year, our teams remain focused on delivering differentiated client service and profitable growth. Through their efforts, we anticipate continued targeted sequential loan growth in Q4 that optimizes risk-adjusted returns. Combined with continued funding optimization using our broad range of channels, we expect continued expansion of our net interest margin in the fourth quarter of the year.
Presuming no significant adverse shift in the macroeconomic environment, we expect adjusted earnings per common share in the range of $0.86 to $0.91 in the fourth quarter and for our operating leverage to be approximately neutral on a quarterly basis. Turning to Slide 16. During the quarter, we announced that CWB has entered to a definitive agreement to be acquired by National Bank. Over the last 4 decades, we've developed an attractive banking franchise with a reputation for exceptional service with deep customer relationships across a number of priority industries and service lines. We're confident that the transaction with National Bank of Canada will create incredible value for our clients, teams, communities and our shareholders.
Together, we can offer Canadians more choice by combining CWB's legacy of servicing business owners and their families with National Bank scale, complementary market expertise and the technological capabilities necessary to accelerate our growth. I look forward to our special meeting of common shareholders that will take place next week on September 3, our shareholders will finalize the vote on resolution related to this exciting transaction. With that, operator, let's open the lines for Q&A.
[Operator Instructions] Your first question comes from Paul Holden at CIBC.
Can you hear me okay?
Yes, it's great, Paul.
Okay. Sorry about that. So obviously got a lot going to ask on the impaired PCLs. Can you give me an idea of the proportion of impaired that were specifically related to those 2 loans you referred to?
Paul, sure. So on the impaired perspective, a limited portion of the impaired were specific to these loans, only about 20% of that was specific to these 2 loans that we're seeing here.
The outsized impact, Paul, it wasn't necessarily the size of the exposures. It was the size of the provision from the losses. It was above 30 basis points or so of our total impaired PCL related to these 2 exposures.
Got it. Okay. That's helpful. And then can you give us a better understanding sort of the nature of the collateral behind those 2 loans or maybe what industry sectors those were related to just to get a better sense of why the asset values maybe were lower than you originally expected?
So really, the change in the values and what occurred was really, really specific to the 2 borrowers. It was not related to the actual value view like the actual specific asset or the collateral. There were unusual operational matters that combined with the recovery process that took a turn that we were not expected impacted the final recovery. So it was very specific circumstances to the borrowers. And there's no really underlying trend or industry or geography specific in these 2 cases, it was really idiosyncratic to the 2 borrowers.
Okay. Understood. But then can you give us the 2 sectors that related to those 2 loans though?
Even these loans were in our general commercial book. And so these are loans we secure with general security agreements, mortgages, personal guarantees. So it's a normal security package we take. And as Carolina said, these were kind of idiosyncratic outcomes from the resolution of these loans that we have encountered before there was very unusual circumstances, and they don't reflect how we anticipate the balance of the loan portfolio that we manage.
Okay. Understood. I'll ask 2 more questions unrelated. First, in terms of slowing loan growth, I just want to clarify that, that's due to a slower pace of originations and unrelated to sort of any kind of customer attrition?
I'd say that's a fair assessment. You can see that within the commercial mortgage portfolio, we're still being highly selective and that portfolio is reducing. But overall, I'd say, again, kind of across business lines across geographies. There was probably a little bit slower pace of origination than we might have anticipated previously, but it's been pretty steady and also increasing a bit, and we see that kind of carrying through into Q4. So we do see kind of steady momentum there.
Yes. The portfolios we highlighted for growth last quarter, Paul, like we would have signaled general commercial. I mean, that was up 2% sequentially, equipment we would like, and we're targeting that was up 2% and we had signaled the project lending increase in the opportunities there for those projects. It's finally getting started and our borrowers seeing conditions they like. That was up 3%, where we saw contraction. As Stephen mentioned, it was commercial mortgages. We had hoped that would be more flatter and we were down 2%.
Personal mortgages, I think, a consistent theme, but we were down 1%. And then we saw some payouts in our Oil & Gas portfolio. And I mean, those are just very healthy orders deleveraging. So we were down in those. So the portfolios we wanted to grow, and I think we're pretty close to where we want it to be, just those other portfolios, just on highly selective and saving our bullets for the right risk-adjusted returns.
Okay. That's helpful. I want to sneak one more in there. Just in terms of expense growth, how should we think about the way you be managing expenses or the requirement in ongoing investments over the next 12 months, not asking for a specific guidance, but just sort of I would assume the pace of investment slows given everything you've done in the last several years and the pending transaction. But maybe just clarify, if that's the right assumption, pace of expense growth slows over the next 12 months or if you have something else in mind?
Yes. The -- structurally what we had set up following the reorganization we did at the end of last year was doing a broad shuffle in our investment profile and redirecting expenses from that kind of back end and that investment trajectory into supporting growth and service with our clients. And the intent there was to set up for structural ongoing positive operating leverage.
And this year -- and we're obviously in good shape to do that. Expense growth sort of in that mid-single-digit range as we had expected with more revenue growth. And that's a theme we had structurally set up to continue just really picking our spots on the investment, but a lot of those heavy lifts being done and the investments being made to support the ongoing growth of the business was our priority, and that's how we had structured and targeted, and our view on that hasn't changed.
Next question comes from Meny Grauman at Scotiabank.
Just a follow-up on the topic of the expected -- the lower expected realization values. Is this fraud related?
No, it has nothing to do with fraud.
Okay. If I'm just -- in your answer to to Paul, I'm just trying to figure out how to make sense of sort of the description that you're saying. I appreciate you don't know what you don't know. But I guess what we're trying to get at is just what gives you the confidence that this surprised you. So what gives you the confidence that you can't be surprised again that somehow the collateral values that you are counting on will be there going forward for other loans.
Yeah, that was a fair question, Meny. I mean our underwriting and resolution process have been historically very strong and really limited losses in sort of history of our operations. And the resolutions of these 2 credits just don't look like the rest of the book, and we don't see any evidence that this would be the result of the other impairments to watch the loans we have in our book, and our lending model has not changed. So as we think about Q4 and forward, we do expect our losses to reduce and move towards our historic range. And we just think these are [indiscernible] I should say, they're extraordinary for what our experience is, and they don't reflect the rest of our book.
The next question comes from Stephen Boland at Raymond James.
First question, just there's a slight change in the language about the timing of the closing of your acquisition when it was announced that it was going to be at the end of 2025, now the language has changed just sometime in 2025. I'm just wondering what was the cause of that change? Was there any discussions with the regulators that prompted that language change?
Pretty subtle tweak. I'm not sure it means anything too substantially different. It's still pretty early days on all these processes, and we continue to work through them and support them. So I think it's still a pretty broad range if you're thinking in 2025 and the broadness of that range, I think, reflects the variability as you're working through some of these regulatory outcomes that, of course, we can't predict and are still pretty early days to offer really any additional insight. So I think that will be to come as we work through the process.
Okay. I'm just curious now, how much interaction there is between the 2 banks in terms of the transition? Are you meeting regularly? Or is there transition teams in place? Are they meeting regularly at this point? Or is there a plan for that?
That's where we're at. We're creating the plan for what comes next. We've obviously got some steps to to occur. We've got, as I mentioned on the opening remarks, we've got the special meeting that's coming up on Tuesday at Edmonton for shareholders, then we have the regulatory reviews around our way with the Competition Bureau, Austin City Department of Finance and ultimately up to Minister finance. So there's lots of work for that to occur. And then as we move along, we'll continue to drive how that integration strategy would work, and we'll look forward to providing you an update when we're able to.
Okay. And maybe just a part B on that. I just wanted to be clear that as of right now, like has National Bank, I know you have a duty to your customers and obviously, the shareholders, but does National Bank have any influence on your decision-making at this point in terms of new product launches, spending, anything to that just in terms of looking at how much influence there is right now, if any?
Well, today, we're 2 separate banks. And we certainly anticipate offering lots of value on closing, and we've got the transaction agreement we're following, but we are operating as 2 separate banks.
Next question comes from Nigel D'Souza at Veritas Investment Research.
I wanted to circle back on your provisions this quarter, and I think it's important given that the loss rate this quarter is, I believe, higher than loss rate you had any quarter during the financial crisis. And I'm trying to just understand the recovery rates that impacted those provisions. Could you tell us what your initial recovery rate assumption was and then what it ended up being? And then since this was a GSA, what was the, I guess, effective underlying collateral? Because I think you mentioned that it wasn't really the collateral value, decline was an operational issue. Just the clarity there would be helpful.
So on these specific -- as we mentioned, the big impact when we look at the basis points of the 67 of losses, 30 were reflective of these loans. And the big change when we look at what happened throughout the recovery process and everything is -- it just was a really decrease in the overall, not specific asset value, but just like the recovery from the company perspective. And so we are still -- this is a live process. We're still working on that. And what we are now reflecting is our latest assessment with our most recent information of what that recovery will be with a very prudent approach and very conservative approach to what we have right now as collateral.
And to clarify, the 2 files here, they're not to the same borrowers. These are 2 distinct separate borrowers that were impacted?
That's right. Yes, 2 separate borrowers, no relation at all.
And no relation for the underlying operation this year either? Just trying to understand if there's anything at all that's in common between these 2 files?
No relation, not same industry, no relation between the borrowers. They're very unique and specific and there is no trend underlying any of them.
Okay. So I'll just leave it at -- it would be helpful if you could expand if this is a cash flow-based financing deal? Or I guess, what I'll try and understand why the recovery rate is lower without assets, collateral value declining, but I'll leave it there, and that's it for me.
It appears there are no further questions. I will turn the call back over to Chris Fowler for closing remarks.
Thank you, Joanna. Thank you for joining us today. I look forward to talking to you all again on December 6 when we report our fourth quarter financial results. Have a great day.
Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes your conference for today. We thank you for participating, and we ask that you please disconnect your lines.