KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc

NYSE:KREF

Earnings Call Transcript 2024-Q1

[Operator]

Good morning, and welcome to the KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Inc. First Quarter 2024 Results Conference Call. [Operator's Instructions] Please note this event is being recorded.I would now like to turn the conference over to Jack Switala. Please go ahead.

[Jack Switala, executive]

Great. Thanks, operator, and welcome to the KKR Real Estate Finance Trust Earnings Call for the First Quarter of 2024. As the operator mentioned, this is Jack Switala. Today, I'm joined on the call by our CEO, Matt Salem; our President and COO, Patrick Mattson; and our CFO, Kendra Decious. I'd like to remind everyone that we will refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures on the call, which are reconciled to GAAP figures in our earnings release and in the supplementary presentation, both of which are available on the Investor Relations portion of our website. This call will also contain certain forward-looking statements, which do not guarantee future events or performance. Please refer to our most recently filed 10-Q for cautionary factors related to these statements. Before I turn the call over to Matt, I'll provide a brief recap of our results. For the first quarter of 2024, we reported a GAAP net loss of $8.7 million or negative $0.13 per share. Distributable earnings this quarter were $26.7 million or $0.39 per share. Book value per share as of March 31, 2024, was $15.8, a decline of approximately 2% quarter-over-quarter. Our CECL allowance increased to $3.54 per share from $3.06 per share last quarter. In mid-April, we paid a cash dividend of $0.25 per common share with respect to the first quarter. With that, I'd now like to turn the call over to Matt.

[Matthew Salem, executive]

Thank you, Jack. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us today. I'd like to begin with a brief update on the state of the market. Despite the latest higher-than-expected CPI print, resulting in muted expectations for near-term interest rate cuts, the commercial real estate market continues to heal with increased transaction volume, price transparency and liquidity across most property types. Given narrowing views around interest rates and sustained economic growth, combined with valuation stability, we are beginning to see encouraging green shoots. The lending environment is competitive as a significant amount of capital availability outweighs suppressed transaction volumes. Over the last 24 months, insurance companies, foreign banks and government agencies have been able to meet the needs of the market. In sympathy with broader macro strength, spreads are tightening, with recent lending on stabilized real estate in the mid-100s. With U.S. banks still largely on the sidelines and the increased market activity, our expectation is for this supply-demand imbalance to normalize and potentially reverse, creating an attractive opportunity for KREF to fill this void as we resume lending in the next few quarters. But our team has not been dormant, given KKR's large and diversified CRE credit platform, we have been actively originating loans throughout this cycle. Our bank, insurance and debt fund pool of capital across the U.S. and Europe are actively investing with a budget of approximately $10 billion this year. Our own pipeline demonstrates this return of transaction volumes with an existing pipeline of deals in review or in closing of approximately $20 billion, totaling over 100 opportunities. This compares favorably to last year's weekly average pipeline of $14 billion. While we expect CRE lending across the U.S. banking activity to remain muted, we are seeing a notable shift in preference from direct mortgage origination to loan on loan facilities to institutions like ourselves. This change is driven by more efficient capital treatment, less intense resources and relative safety. In terms of property type fundamentals, the office sector remains challenged, though we are beginning to see more liquidity now than 6 months ago. In KREF's portfolio, we continue to feel we have identified the potential office issues within our watch list and do not anticipate further negative ratings migration to the watch list from the office sector. In terms of life science, we remain positive on the sector given the long-term demand from innovations in science and technology. Though the market has seen a decrease in funding. We downwind 1 additional life science loan to our watch list this quarter as a result of challenges posed by the short-term leasing slowdown. Multifamily fundamentals have slowed given new supply dynamics, but liquidity in the sector is very high. Market research suggests a 50% decline in multifamily construction starts in 2024 versus 2022, meeting many investors to look past the elevated rate environment and current rent pressures. Multi-family represents 43% of our portfolio and has performed well with weighted average rent increases of 3.4% year-over-year. Now turning to KREF's earnings results for the first quarter of 2024. The Pro comfortably covered our $0.25 per share dividend this quarter with distributable earnings of $0.39 per share. As we stated last quarter, we set our dividend at a level that we can cover with distributable earnings ex losses with our performing loan portfolio under a number of different scenarios. Our expectation is that in the near term, D\E ex losses will continue to be significantly higher than our dividend. With the help of KKR Capital Markets, KREF continues to maintain high levels of liquidity with $620 million of availability at quarter end, including $107 million of cash on hand and $450 million of undrawn corporate revolver capacity. We have diversified financing sources across a number of facilities totaling $8.7 billion, with $2.9 billion of undrawn capacity. 78% of our secured financing is completely non-mark-to-market, with the remaining balance marked to credit only. KREF has no corporate debt or final facility maturities until 2026. Composition of KREF's financing structure remains a true differentiator. This quarter, we received $336 million in loan repayments, including full repayments of $173 million on our previously float-rated D.C. office loan and $151 million on our previously float-rated New York City condo loan. We funded $103 million for loans closed in previous years for a net reduction of $232 million. Repayments have now exceeded fundings in 4 of the last 5 quarters, and we expect this to continue with aggregated projected repayments throughout 2024 of over $1 billion. KREF, as an externally managed vehicle benefits from access to resources, relationships and expertise of KKR's global real estate platform that manages nearly $70 billion of assets across both debt and equity. Our dedicated team of approximately 150 real estate professionals has a strong reputation as a full-service capital solutions provider. This integration provides us with an optimal tool to implement a variety of strategies to maximize value across our portfolio. In addition, K-Star our affiliated rated special servicer with a team of more than 45 professionals and over $45 billion of special servicing rights, representing over 5,000 properties provides us with extensive access to an expert team with sizable real-time market information. We will continue to proactively and transparently navigate this challenged real estate market. As we mentioned last quarter, we will patiently optimize our REO portfolio and as we sell those assets, we believe we can reinvest the capital to generate an additional $0.12 per share in distributable earnings per quarter. And with that, I'll turn the call over to Patrick.

[W. Mattson, executive]

Thank you, Matt. Good morning, everyone. I'll begin with updates to our CECL allowance and watch list. CECL reserves increased $33 million this quarter, driven primarily by collateral dependent loan reserves, resulting in an aggregate $246 million of CECL. This was largely related to a further downgrade of our $37.5 million retained mezzanine loan backed by an office property located in Boston. As we mentioned last quarter, KREF is currently in modification discussions, and we anticipate subordination of a portion of our mezzanine loan to new equity contribution from the existing sponsor. Regarding our risk rated 5 Seattle Life Sciences loan and Mountain View office loan, -- we are working with those respective sponsors to take ownership through a deed in lieu foreclosure in Q2 as we explore the path of joint venture partners and continue to evaluate the go-forward business plans. Further details on these loans as well as our existing REO portfolio is reflected on Page 13 of our supplemental. We experienced no realized losses in the first quarter of 2024. However, during the second quarter, as we anticipate taking title to the Mountain View in Seattle assets, we expect a significant portion of our collateral dependent loan reserve to flow through distributable earnings, coupled with the anticipated modification on our Boston office loan, -- we project realized losses to total approximately $140 million in Q2 or approximately $2 per share, in line with our existing reserves across these 3 assets. For our Philadelphia assets that became REO last quarter, we have an agreement in place to sell 2 of the 4 buildings with a closing date tracking for Q2. We're comfortable holding the remaining office building and parking garage longer term. However, we may have an opportunity to sell those properties as well, and we'll update everyone on the next call. KREF is well capitalized with a debt-to-equity ratio of 2.1 with look-through leverage ratio of 4.1 as of Q1, slightly lower than year-end. We expect deleveraging to continue through the remainder of 2024 as repayments are anticipated to outpace future funding obligations. KREF's weighted average risk rating on the portfolio remains 3.2 and 85% of our portfolio is risk rated 3 or better. KREF has built a fortified liability structure that is diversified across 2 CRE CLOs, a number of matched term lending agreements and asset-specific financing structures as well as our corporate revolver. KREF's substantial liquidity position of over $600 million at quarter end, including $450 million of undrawn revolver capacity is a key component of our ability to navigate this dynamic credit and interest rate environment. coupled with our best-in-class financing, over 75% of which is fully non-mark-to-market and our long-standing relationships with our financing partners and borrowers, KREF has the tools at its disposal to withstand the challenges of today's market environment. Thank you for joining us today. Now we're happy to take your questions.

[Operator]

We will now begin our question-and-answer session. [Operator's Instructions] And the first question will come from Rick Shane from JPMorgan.

[Richard Shane, analyst]

So when we look at the reserve rate at the end of the first quarter and we take the implied -- or the charge-offs that you guided to in the second quarter. It would imply a reserve rate exos expected losses of about 140 to 145 basis points. Does that seem appropriate is obviously well below what your reserve rate has been the last year or 2, but it is also reflecting the realized loss on specifically reserved assets. So how should we think about reserve rate as you start to realize some of the bigger losses that you've held?

[W. Mattson, executive]

Rick, it's Patrick. Thanks for that question. So I think in terms of that number, it's around 150, 160 basis points on the balance. So I think you're directionally correct there. I think what it is really reflective of is, as we work through some of these more challenged assets on the watch list, we're going to get down to a pool where we think we've got relatively clean composition. And so I don't view that number as sort of high or low. It feels probably appropriate right now. I think longer term, that could even feel a little bit high. But in this market, that's probably the right level.

[Richard Shane, analyst]

Yes. Look, you know that I love metaphors and I think that in some ways, the reserve is a piggy bank that you've been depositing in for many quarters. And I guess what you're saying is that we should expect -- it is now time to crack over -- open the piggy bank and perhaps make some withdrawals?

[W. Mattson, executive]

I think directionally, that's what's happening when you think about the guidance that we're giving on the second quarter.

[Operator]

And our next question will be from Stephen Laws from Raymond James.

[Stephen Laws, analyst]

First, I want to start, I guess, follow up on the reserve question. And I think you guys appreciate the color on the 5 rated loans. As you think about the 4 rated loans, 3 of which are multifamily, how do you think about the next 3 to 6 months for those assets? What are the key things you're watching that may move them back to a 3 versus moving to a 5. And when you take a step back and look at the collateral values versus your attachment point with the loans, do you feel there's still good coverage there from a collateral standpoint or what is the risk that if they move to 5, it will drive incremental specific asset specific reserves?

[Matthew Salem, executive]

Stephen, this is Matt. I could jump in on that one. I appreciate you joining the call and asking the question. I think on the 4 loans, I guess I would break it down a little bit as you're suggesting in terms of just by property type, I think we still believe that the multifamily segment, while it's going to have noise, especially if you think about just a little bit higher rate environment for a little bit longer, it could put more pressure on some of the sponsors that don't have as much liquidity as others. But we don't feel like there is a material loss content in that component of the portfolio. I think we stated that in previous earnings calls. I think we still feel like that today. So while certainly, there's the ability to transition a multifamily property from a 3 to a 4 or 4 to 5 over time, really looking through to what's the value of that asset versus our basis. I think we still feel feel pretty good about the overall positioning there. When you start to think about some of the other assets like life science or other things, there's a little bit more jump risk, I think, in terms of just, okay, what happens as those transition through. Of course, it's not ready to buy -- these loans are ratified for reason, they're performing, paying current debt, et cetera. But at that moment, where you started to get into difficulty or monetary default and those reserves can certainly increase.

[Stephen Laws, analyst]

Appreciate the comments there. And then I wanted to follow up on your comments around originations. You guys have really been focused on asset management for the past year. And you mentioned that maybe the supply demand balance is shifting possibly more in your favor over the next coming quarters. What is it that you're kind of looking forward before shifting back on offense? Is it getting these 3 resolutions in the second quarter behind you? Is it something some segment of your existing portfolio that you want to monitor performance before returning to offense? Or is it really the returns available that seem pretty tight on stabilized assets that you don't think is an attractive time to put money to work? Maybe a little more clarity on what you're looking for to resume new originations.

[Matthew Salem, executive]

Yes, Stephen, I'm happy to jump in. I would say I think it's more internal to KREF, right? What we're looking at on -- within our own portfolio than a comment on the market environment because as I mentioned, through our various pools of capital away from KREF, like we're actively lending we like the market there. We just think it's going to get better over time. So what are we looking for within KREF. I would say a couple of things. Number one, just consistent repayments. And so we're starting to see that. Obviously, you want velocity in your portfolio before you start lending new capital. And I think that velocity is coming back. And certainly, 4 of the 5 last quarters, we've had repayments offset future fundings. We think we'll get $1 billion of repayment this year. So that certainly that's starting to move in the kind of green zone in terms of how we're looking at it. The second thing would just be, okay, portfolio migration in terms of like what are we seeing from a credit perspective -- that feels like it's slowing down. Now this isn't a market I particularly want to predict the future. But certainly, when we look at the velocity of where things are going from 3 to 4 or 4 to 5, that wave of office feels like we've dealt with a lot of that already. And there's other things that have come in recently, but it feels like it's slowing down. So I think just some stability around that and the portfolio migration. And then finally, just leverage ratios, right? Just to make sure we get back to where we historically have operated, which has been in more of that high 3s context versus very low 4s where we are today, and that's migrating in the right way. And certainly, when we look through our projections, we expect that to continue to go in the right direction. So those are probably the 3 things we're watching most closely. From a liquidity perspective, we have lots of liquidity. So certainly we can go out and make another loan or 2. But I think we really want to see those other areas firm up before we move in that direction.

[Operator]

And the next question will be from Sarah Barcomb from BTIG.

[Sarah Barcomb, analyst]

So my first question is related to the Life Science portfolio. Could you talk about the leasing outlook for assets that are still float-rated that may be close to delivering the projects that potentially remain vacant. Could you give us any insight into leasing for life science in your portfolio in general?

[Matthew Salem, executive]

Sure, it's Matt. Yes, happy to answer that. As you identified, we've got a couple 2 life science loans on the watch list today. When you look at the loans or the properties outside of those 2 that have been identified, about 70% of the remaining exposure there is new build, as you're suggesting. So by definition, very, very high-quality copy in some cases. And these are extremely well-located assets in the best life science markets in the country. So I think we feel very good about where those stand currently. Some are kind of lease ready and some are still in the process of finishing construction and waiting for that moment to really have an opportunity to attract the tenant end. But I think what we've seen is that the velocity in its early days and but certainly with the LOIs and to some extent, leases that are getting signed at these assets, there's a little bit more velocity in these newer build purpose-built assets and new construction than we've seen in maybe some of the conversion plays.

[Sarah Barcomb, analyst]

Okay. Great. And then my follow-up question is related to the REO portfolio. Could you walk us through expectations for potential CapEx spend on these assets? And maybe some commentary on your expectations for foreclosures going forward beyond your expected REO disclosures?

[Matthew Salem, executive]

I think from a -- it's a again, let me start on the CapEx side. I would say we're still finalizing these business plans. And as we go, REO, we'll develop those. I guess when we think about it in a couple of ways, number one, we were perfectly committed to spending CapEx to positioning these assets in absolutely the best way possible to attract really high-quality tenants and to stabilize the property. So that is our mindset that we will spend money to create value. I'd say number two, in most cases, from just a pure CapEx perspective, we don't think there's large, large outlays. I think a lot of the capital is going to come from good news from tenant improvement and leasing commissions as we sign tenants there. And from -- I guess, the 2 ways you could think about it is like from an earnings perspective and from a liquidity perspective, certainly from a clear perspective, not worried about it at all. Again, it's not a big number. We have ample liquidity to implement any strategy, we wanted to. And from an earnings perspective, a lot of the CapEx, by definition, is going to get capitalized into the assets. So it's not going to come through earnings. And we'll have a little bit of just expenses that will certainly impact earnings. And when we thought about resetting the dividend, clearly, that was kind of factored into some of the scenario analysis as we think about that. So hopefully, that helps address a little bit of your CapEx questions. And then -- from an REO perspective or for closure perspective, I think we've identified everything at this point in time in terms of where -- what's in the watch list that were kind of proceeding down that path. And of course, we'll keep that transparency on a quarterly basis, and that change, we can update it. But there's nothing kind of like left right now that we're -- that we haven't identified that we plan to go to tie on.

[Operator]

The next question is from Steven Delaney with JMP Securities.

[Steven Delaney, analyst]

Can you hear me?

[Matthew Salem, executive]

Hear you well, Steve.

[Steven Delaney, analyst]

Listen, first, just really applaud the forward disclosure about that the losses -- the projected REO and the realized losses in the second quarter, it makes -- I think it will make -- certainly make their life easier and it will yours and I think shareholders as well just to kind of not have the uncertainty about 2Q. So I'm looking at Page 11 now, given that perspective. And should we think about this after those projected REOs that as far as 5 ratings, as you see things right now, that you're basically left with the Mini and Boston office properties. Is that the way to look at it sort of post the REO actions?

[Matthew Salem, executive]

That's right. Yes. I mean, obviously, after and the other changes, that's the way to think about it. And keep in mind that Minneapolis, we have modified that loans, that's gone through restructuring. And then as Patrick mentioned in his remarks, the Boston office is currently under modification discussions currently, and we tried to reflect that in the reserves for this quarter.

[Steven Delaney, analyst]

Got it. And with Boston, a little unusual there because the -- the retained mezz. Is the $38 million your exposure at KREF and the difference between the total $188 million is with other KKR entities. Is that the way to view that?

[Matthew Salem, executive]

There's a little bit of nuance there, I would say. The $38 million is $37 million to be direct, but is KREF's total exposure. So that's our maximum exposure of $37.5 million. The mortgage debt senior to us, which comprises the 2 together comprised of $188 million is held by a third party.

[Steven Delaney, analyst]

And obviously, you're subordinate the course there. So you need to focus on that when you look at the property value for sure. So not to get ahead of things, obviously, you're aggressively trying to get through these problems and to work out. I thought it was pretty bold but a strong move by the Board to make the meaningful cut in the dividend ahead of these resolutions. And obviously, $0.39 in this quarter for reported PE will be offset by the big number next quarter. But it does appear by the time we get into early 2025 that your run rate , I would expect all just have to update our models would be in excess of your $0.25 current dividend. Sort of, I guess, psychologically at the Board level, what does the Board and what does management want to see in the portfolio before it would be reasonable to reconsider the dividend for a possible increase.

[Matthew Salem, executive]

Thanks, Steve. It's Matt. I can jump in again. I guess a couple of things. First of all, unfortunately, we just reduced the dividend. I don't think we're increasing it in the near term here -- and I think most of the uplift is generally going to come from the recycling of REO assets into performing loans or earning assets effectively, right? And so when we start to think about the -- and that's why we keep referencing back to the $0.12 a share, where, okay, we're going to take title. We're going to be patient. We're going to lease these. I think that's the best thing for our shareholders, a testing for our balance sheet over time and not paying out a higher short-term dividend. But if we optimize those outcomes and we repatriate that capital, then we'll be able to -- we think, increase earnings by at least kind of $0.12 a share. So that's really what we're focused on is that optimization and implementation of that REO strategy. We'll see what the world looks like in 6 months, 9 months, maybe other things that are -- have a material impact on that. Obviously, where the interest environment will be a big driver we're right portfolio. But that's really I'd say what we're mostly focused on is what is the path and the time line to REO assets.

[Steven Delaney, analyst]

Got it. Well, congrats on the resolutions, and I appreciate the color .

[Operator]

And the next question is from Jade Rahmani with KBW.

[Jade Rahmani, analyst]

ust stepping away from the transitional CRE space and looking more broadly, can you give any sense as to what's happening to CRE loans at maturity? What are you seeing from most lenders in terms of loans that come up for maturity, the percentage that get refinanced, get modified, get extended. How would you characterize it from your broader vantage point?

[Matthew Salem, executive]

Thank you for the question. I would say, first of all, I don't have exact numbers at my fingertips in terms of like what how much is repaying versus getting extended. Certainly, we're in an environment now where there's a lot more extensions than normal payoffs. And I think lenders are more than willing to work with borrowers on an extension scenario, they need a little bit more time to get into the interest rate environment that's more accepting, I guess, of property value. So -- and I think just -- everyone looks at the maturity wall, maybe that's a little bit of the question embedded in your question. I never look at that maturity walls like something that's a real sign of imminent danger or issues. I think that if it makes sense and the borrowers are willing to put in a little bit of money, I think almost all lenders are willing to kind of give another 6 months, 12 months to go down the road. In very few instances, our lenders like really need that capital back and force people out of the portfolio. So that would be a little bit of how we think about it.

[Jade Rahmani, analyst]

And on the flip side, from a borrower standpoint, and I know KREF has some large real estate equity holdings, how are borrowers contemplating the outlook now? It seems that there has been a material shift in the interest rate outlook higher for longer versus earlier in the year. Any color you could provide there?

[Matthew Salem, executive]

Sure. What we're seeing and embedded in my comments just like the return to transaction volumes. And of course, when that inflation print hit and we got that rate move and that, I think there was a little bit of uncertainty in the market around, okay, how will this impact relanequity participants? How they think about acquisitions, how will they think about their ownership of assets. And what we saw -- and it's early days, but I think what we're seeing today is a materially different outlook than perhaps we saw in the fall where we had, obviously, a backup in rates as well, which is a view that I'm not going to necessarily change how I think about terminal interest rates, terminal cap rates I may have a little bit higher cost of capital in the interim here. However, my views around growth are more solidified today than they were 6 months ago. So people are like leaning into growth a little bit more than they had been and really kind of leaving exit caps around the same from what we can tell. And therefore, this print has been relatively, I think, immaterial to the mindset of institutional real estate investors. Again, early, but that's certainly what we're seeing right now, and there's a lot of big transactions in the market that are pricing, and that's what we're witnessing.

[Jade Rahmani, analyst]

And if I could ask a follow-up. Just could you give a range of what your views of the exit cap rates are touching on property type, you could leave aside office.

[Matthew Salem, executive]

Yes. So I think multifamily right now, I would say, entry caps are in the -- for Class A, sober around 5%. Very high 4s to low 5s. So I'd say it's kind of where those entry cap rates are. I think industrial's very hard to put -- and these are all market dependent. I think industrial is very hard to put a pin on just because what's the embedded gain to lease, how long are the lease terms, what market are you in? What's your box side? I mean if there's so much variation there. But I do think that a lot of those assets are trading, call it, high 5s, low 6s type of like context. And then people running exit caps either at or slightly inside those levels to adjust for, obviously, rallies in the treasury over the next couple of years.

[Operator]

[Operator's Instructions] The next question is from Don Fandetti from Wells Fargo.

[Donald Fandetti, analyst]

Patrick, the 2 remaining Philly assets that you said you could possibly announce the sale, is that indicative of more capital coming in for real estate? Or is that more you just saying, hey, it makes sense, let's clear to that.

[W. Mattson, executive]

Yes, I think it's a couple of things. I think there are signs in certain markets where when real estate gets to a certain value, that there's interest. Those 2 assets that we were -- and obviously have the ability to hold longer term. One is a well-occupied office and the other is a parking garage. And I think when you talk about that profile deal, even in this market, there's interest. And so I think as we indicated, we'll see how that tens tires over the quarter, but we do think there is some possibility to sell both of those properties.

[Operator]

Thank you. And ladies and gentlemen, this concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Jack Switala for any closing remarks.

[Jack Switala, executive]

Great. Thanks, operator, and thanks, everyone, for joining today. Please reach out to me or the team here if you have any questions. Take care.

[Operator]

The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.