FedEx Corp
NYSE:FDX
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FedEx Corp
Earnings Call Analysis
Q1-2025 Analysis
FedEx Corp
FedEx began its fiscal year 2025 with a rocky first quarter, facing a challenging demand environment that was weaker than anticipated, particularly in the U.S. domestic package market. The company's B2B volumes were pressured by weakness in the industrial economy, and there was a notable shift in customer preference from priority to deferred services worldwide. This shift negatively impacted the company's higher-yielding services.
The adjusted operating profit for FedEx decreased $382 million year-over-year primarily due to reduced global priority volume and an increase in deferred volume. The company's International Economy segment saw some growth, but this was coupled with higher purchase transportation costs, leading to margin pressures. Revenue at FedEx Express and FedEx Freight also saw declines of 1% and 2%, respectively, year-over-year.
FedEx continued to make progress in reducing structural costs through its DRIVE program, delivering $390 million in cost savings during the first quarter. The company now expects these savings to build sequentially throughout the year. Despite these efforts, the cost savings did not fully offset the impacts of the softer demand environment.
For fiscal year 2025, FedEx adjusted its earnings per share (EPS) outlook to a range of $20-$21, compared to the previous range of $20-$22. At the top end of this range, the company assumes an improvement in both the pricing environment and the industrial economy. Conversely, the lower end assumes continued competitive pricing and a challenged industrial economy. Revenue growth is now expected to be in the low single digits.
FedEx has planned to invest $5.2 billion in capital expenditures for FY 2025, consistent with the previous year. The company intends to allocate capital to the highest return segments of its portfolio while also maintaining a healthy cash on hand and strong adjusted free cash flow. FedEx completed $1 billion in stock repurchases in the first quarter and plans to repurchase an additional $1 billion in the second quarter.
The company is confident in its strategic initiatives aimed at improving profitability and network efficiency. This includes the implementation of the Tricolor plan to redesign its global air network, adjustments to the U.S. domestic network to reflect softer demand, and the rollout of Network 2.0. These actions are expected to drive improved profitability by unlocking efficiencies, improving density, and creating a more flexible network.
FedEx expects the termination of its U.S. Postal Service contract to create headwinds starting in the second quarter. The company plans a 60% reduction in daytime flight hours, with the majority taking place in October. Despite challenges, FedEx remains confident in delivering sequential quarterly profit improvements, supported by ongoing cost reductions and strategic revenue actions.
FedEx remains committed to its cost reduction and network transformation strategies. The company's focus on revenue quality, coupled with strategic pricing actions and operational efficiencies, is expected to support its profitability goals for FY 2025 and beyond. Despite the current challenging environment, FedEx's leadership expressed confidence in the company's ability to adapt and deliver improved financial performance.
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Good day, and welcome to the FedEx Fiscal Year 2025 First Quarter Earnings Call. [Operator Instructions] Please note, this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Jeni Hollander, Vice President of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Good afternoon, and welcome to FedEx Corporation's First Quarter Earnings Conference Call. The first quarter earnings release, Form 10-Q and stat book are available on our website at investors.fedex.com. This call and the accompanying slides are being streamed from our website, where the replay and slides will be available for about 1 year. [Operator Instructions]
Certain statements in this conference call may be considered forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. For additional information on these factors, please refer to our press releases and filings with the SEC.
Today's presentation also includes certain non-GAAP financial measures. Please refer to the Investor Relations portion of our website at fedex.com for a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures discussed on this call to the most directly comparable GAAP measures. Joining us on the call today are Raj Subramaniam, President and CEO; Brie Carere, Executive Vice President and Chief Customer Officer; and John Dietrich, Executive Vice President and CFO. Now I will turn the call over to Raj.
Thank you, Jeni, and good afternoon. Our results reflect a challenging Q1 demand environment, which was weaker than we expected, particularly in the U.S. domestic package market. Looking at our performance on a year-over-year basis, there are several factors at play. Weakness in the industrial economy pressured our B2B volumes, particularly in the U.S. We saw increasing demand for our lower-yielding services, and some of this demand increase was driven by a shift in customer preference worldwide from priority to deferred services.
And we continued to execute on structural cost reductions via DRIVE, which partially offset revenue and expense pressure. That said, we now expect the cadence of DRIVE-related savings throughout the year to increase sequentially by quarter. And we had 1 fewer operating day in the quarter. Notwithstanding this difficult quarter, with the actions we are taking, we remain confident in the trajectory ahead. We are on track to deliver the $4 billion of savings through DRIVE in FY '25 compared to the FY '23 baseline.
We have recently implemented significant new pricing actions relating to both demand and fuel surcharges, which will benefit us in the coming quarters. We're making significant progress on our network transformation. We're prepared for the expiration of the U.S. Postal Service contract, and we are continuing to roll out Network 2.0. The implementation of Tricolor, which is the redesign of our global air network is well underway. The demand changes we're seeing in the market make Tricolor an even more instrumental element of our longer-term strategy to increase flexibility of our network, lower our cost to serve, and grow in new profitable markets.
Taken together, our network transformation actions will drive improved profitability by unlocking efficiencies, improving density, and creating a more flexible network. This will strengthen our competitive position while simultaneously supporting our objectives for improved profitability and returns. Our innovative data-driven solutions are also supporting our transformation and enabling a better experience for our customers. Additionally, our seamless transition to One FedEx at the start of Q1 allows us to operate more efficiently and effectively as we implement our strategies.
Accounting for these factors, our updated expectations for the remainder of the fiscal year and our Q1 performance, we are narrowing our FY '25 adjusted EPS outlook range to $20 to $21. John will provide more color on the underlying assumptions shortly. DRIVE has evolved from a targeted transformation effort to being the foundation for how we work across the enterprise. In the first quarter, we achieved $390 million of DRIVE-related savings. Breaking this down by category, approximately $90 million came from our surface network, $160 million from our air network and international, and $140 million from G&A.
Our surface operations focused on efficiency in linehaul planning. In air and international, we maintained focus on transforming our network while maximizing staff efficiency at hubs and ramps. In Europe, we further optimized in-station processes. Within G&A, we continued to improve the efficiency of our IT function. We also continued our transition from a regional-based procurement support model to 1 that's centralized and organized by spend category. We are collaborating across sourcing, finance and the businesses to drive cost out.
Looking ahead, we expect our quarterly DRIVE cost reductions to build quarter-over-quarter throughout the year. Within our surface operations, we'll keep focusing on the end-to-end efficiency initiatives, including optimizing our rental fleet and maximizing rail usage. In the air network and international category, a majority of our savings in the remainder of the year will come from Europe. While we realized some Europe savings in the quarter, most of our Europe-related DRIVE savings was skewed towards the second half of FY '25 as we achieve efficiency and productivity improvements across the region.
I'm encouraged by the progress we are making in Europe, improving service levels, reducing churn, and winning new business despite difficult market conditions. We continue to expect $600 million of cumulative DRIVE-related savings from Europe, which will help us exit the year with a better performing European business. Across the air network more broadly, we'll maintain our focus on managing our fleet and broader air operation efficiently. And within G&A, we'll continue to optimize functions globally to focus on IT and outside vendor spend.
In the first quarter, we continued to introduce Network 2.0 in select markets. Canada, which is our biggest network optimization yet, is well underway. On completion of Canada's rollout in early calendar year of 2025, nearly 200 facilities across the U.S. and Canada will be handling consolidated and integrated Ground and Express volume. Optimizations will resume post-peak and continue to ramp into FY '26.
As we have shared before, we're taking a coordinated and deliberate approach to maintain and enhance customer service while also applying learnings from each rollout to later integrations. For example, we're optimizing pickup and delivery operations to best leverage existing assets and resources, including facilities, equipment, and team members. We're also now looking at geographic markets more holistically rather than by location. This enables us to consider volume and customer mix across an entire market.
Our strategy is working. We continue to see roughly a 10% reduction in pickup and delivery costs in markets where we have fully rolled out Network 2.0. Service levels in these markets are meeting or exceeding our network average. We're also leveraging new technologies to facilitate high-quality service. For example, we recently launched what we call the Shipment Eligibility Orchestrator. This is an innovative internal decision-making engine that leverages machine learning to dynamically route packages in real time.
For Network 2.0, one application of this tool ensures that we direct high-priority health care and time-sensitive shipments to designated couriers trained to handle them. Shipment Eligibility Orchestrator is an evolving learning platform where we're adding new use cases by the day. In the first quarter, we also successfully piloted our new Hold-to-Match solution, which optimizes last-mile delivery costs. It does this by holding early ground stops when another package is assigned for the same stop the following day. We will do this while ensuring an on-time delivery for all packages. Hold-to-Match is increasing stop density and will help lower our cost per package. We look forward to expanding the capability throughout the year.
And this month, aligned with our mission to make supply chains smarter for everyone, we announced a strategic alliance and investment with Nimble. Nimble is an AI robotics and autonomous e-commerce fulfillment technology company. FedEx Supply Chain will use Nimble's cutting-edge fulfillment systems to streamline our operations, further penetrate the global e-commerce market, and unlock new opportunities for customers.
As we shared last quarter, we are conducting an assessment of the role of FedEx Freight in our portfolio structure. The assessment is well underway and on track to be completed by the end of the calendar year, all while we continue to deliver safe and reliable service to our customers.
Before I close, I would like to congratulate Mark Allen, our General Counsel and Secretary, on his upcoming retirement. During his distinguished 42-year career with FedEx, Mark has served as an instrumental counselor and a business partner. FedEx has benefited from his strong business acumen, unassuming leadership, and vast international experience. We thank him for his service.
I'm excited to welcome Gina Adams into her new role as General Counsel and Secretary of FedEx effective September 24. Gina joined the company in 1992. Since 2001, she has led Government and Regulatory Affairs. Gina brings extensive experience, addressing many of the most important issues facing our company and advocating for policies that support our customers and our industry. I know her expertise and insights will be invaluable as we continue to transform FedEx.
I also want to take this opportunity to thank the entire FedEx team for their hard work and dedication as we transform our network, prepare for peak, and deliver for our customers. I remain confident in the value-creation opportunities ahead as we focus on growing revenue profitably, reducing our structural costs, and leveraging the insights from our vast collection of data. Now let me turn the call over to Brie.
Thank you, Raj, and good afternoon, everyone. Despite a challenging demand environment, our team continued to deliver high-quality service to our customers. They are drawn to our distinct advantages, including our industry-leading weekend delivery, robust portfolio, and daily weekday delivery in rural areas that the competition simply can't match. Our value proposition continues to attract customers in high-value segments such as health care and small and medium business. In the front half of the calendar year 2024, we continued to gain profitable market share in the United States and around the world.
Let's review first quarter top line performance by segment on a year-over-year basis. At Federal Express, revenue declined 1%. This was driven by 1 fewer operating day and a mix shift toward deferred services. Slightly lower U.S. domestic average daily package volume was offset by higher international export package volume. Yield remained positive, driven by higher base rates and fuel surcharges, with growth partially offset by a tapering of international export demand surcharges.
At FedEx Freight, revenue declined 2%, driven by reduced weight per shipment and priority shipments, lower fuel surcharges, and 1 fewer operating day. Revenue per shipment, however, was up 2%, demonstrating our continued focus on revenue quality. We continue to lead the LTL market in total revenue share while maintaining a great revenue per hundredweight.
Turning now to volume trends by service during the quarter. Volumes were pressured led by weakness in the U.S. market, partially offset by international growth. Across U.S. Domestic Express Services, volumes declined 3% due to a weaker B2B demand environment. Ground volumes were slightly higher, driven by a targeted FedEx Ground Economy growth strategy. We continue to focus growth on customers who have both the FedEx Ground Economy and a FedEx Ground home delivery requirement. This improves both total yield and customer profitability.
International export package volumes increased 9% in the quarter, driven by International Economy, which is largely consistent with recent quarterly trends. At FedEx Freight, both weight per shipment and average daily shipments declined 3%. We attribute some of this weakness to a shift of heavier freight to the truckload market due to the excess truckload capacity and associated lower rates. And as a reminder, our contract with the United States Postal Service expires later this month, and we will be making network adjustments post expiration. During the quarter, we continued to meet our service commitments with revenue near contract minimums as we expected.
We are operating in a very competitive but still rational pricing environment. Against this backdrop, we maintain our focus on revenue quality and continued to grow the yield in the first quarter but at a lower rate than we expected, especially here in the United States. At Federal Express, package yield increased 1% overall, driven by U.S. Priority and international domestic. Yield for our ground services came in roughly flat, driven by growth in lower-yielding residential volume. As expected, the combined International Priority and International Economy parcel yield declined, primarily due to the tapering of demand surcharges.
At FedEx Freight, revenue per shipment was up 2% as we continued to lean into our revenue quality strategy. Lower weights and decreased fuel surcharge revenue due to the lower fuel prices partially offset strength in base yields. Overall, the LTL pricing environment remains disciplined and rational. Importantly, we announced several pricing actions that we expect to improve yield in the coming quarters. Last week, we shared plans for a 5.9% general rate increase effective in January. We expect a high GRI capture this year.
We have increased our U.S. and international fuel surcharge tables and announced new demand surcharges, which take effect in the coming days and weeks. The broader approach to demand surcharges reflects the requirement to cover our incremental peak costs to deliver an outstanding service during the holiday season.
Looking at FY '25, we now expect revenue to grow at low single-digit rate. We previously expected low to mid-single-digit revenue growth this fiscal year. At the midpoint of our outlook range, we expect: the demand environment to moderately improve as we move through the year, driven by a slight recovery in the industrial economy, e-commerce growth, and low inventory levels. We anticipate some improvement in the pricing environment skewed toward the second half of the fiscal year.
We also expect modest improvement in the U.S. domestic ground parcel volume with the year-over-year increase growing, particularly in the back half of the fiscal year. We expect LTL shipments to inflect positive later in the fiscal year, and our outlook assumes continued strength in Asia export volume demand. The current environment increases our conviction that the market requires a provider with a portfolio with both Express and deferred parcel and air freight solutions. Our Tricolor strategy positions us to evolve our international business as the market shifts while delivering these services more profitably.
In Q1, we established the international network design, and we will continue to optimize our operations to improve profitability. Planned enhancements include both operational and pricing changes, which will drive increased density per flight, lower last-mile costs and improved international dimension capture. As part of this strategy, in Q1, we launched our new FedEx International Deferred Freight service, which has a slower transit time than International Economy Freight. We will use this extra time to both build dense skid and increase the proportion of volume that is trucked to its final destination.
Looking ahead to peak, I am particularly excited about the great service we will deliver for our customers. This holiday season, consumers will have improved visibility to their shipments via real-time map view. And just in time for peak, we will launch our picture proof of delivery attempt, which will provide customers with a picture of a door tag in the event of a missed delivery. This feature will bolster communication about the delivery attempt and elevate the customer experience.
In closing, I am proud of our team's hard work and dedication during a difficult quarter. I am confident our pricing actions, our distinct service advantages and, of course, our world-class team will position us incredibly well as we head into peak. And with that, I'll turn it over to John to discuss the financials in more detail.
Thank you, Brie, and good afternoon, everyone. As Raj and Brie both mentioned, our first quarter results reflect a more challenging environment, which pressured Q1 profitability despite our ongoing progress to reduce structural costs through DRIVE. I'll start with the Q1 adjusted operating income bridge to help explain the quarterly dynamics on a year-over-year basis.
Our first quarter results were negatively affected by soft revenue trends, with a global decline in priority volume and growth in deferred volume. This dynamic pressured our results twofold: first, a constrained yield growth with total package yield up 1% year-over-year, almost 1 percentage point lower than we expected. Yield was most constrained internationally with added pressure from more volume and lower-yielding services and reduced demand surcharges.
Second, the increase in International Economy volume was the primary driver of the $124 million increase in purchase transportation expense at Federal Express. In addition, we had 1 fewer operating day in the quarter, resulting in an approximately $170 million headwind. We were able to partially offset these headwinds and normal inflationary cost pressures with about $390 million of structural cost savings from DRIVE. As Raj mentioned, we now expect quarterly DRIVE-related savings to build throughout the year. While our Q1 DRIVE results were solid, they were below our expectations from a timing standpoint and will increase sequentially through the remainder of FY '25. All these factors combined resulted in an adjusted operating profit decline of $382 million.
Moving to a breakdown by segment. At Federal Express, adjusted operating profit decreased $337 million year-over-year with $150 million of the decline due to 1 fewer operating day. The remaining $187 million reduction was a result of the reduced flow-through associated with the revenue softness and the shift toward deferred service offerings, partially offset by DRIVE savings.
Increased demand for International Economy and higher rates were the primary drivers of higher purchase transportation costs. Taking the revenue and associated costs together, International Economy growth provided a modest benefit to profitability. We expect international Economy profitability to continue improving as we execute on Tricolor. Additionally, we were expecting to achieve higher revenue and profit flow-through from U.S. premium services in Q1, which did not materialize. As a result, we are adjusting our U.S. domestic network to reflect the softer demand environment.
At FedEx Freight, while operating profit was down $43 million, nearly half this decline was due to 1 fewer operating day. Lower weight per shipment and decreased priority volumes continue to be headwinds, partially offset by base yield improvement. In light of our Q1 performance and the current demand environment, we are narrowing our FY '25 EPS outlook range. We now expect $20 to $21 in adjusted EPS for FY '25 compared to the prior range of $20 to $22. At the top end of our range, we assume an improvement in the pricing environment and the industrial economy. At the low end of the range, we assume the pricing environment continues to be very competitive and the industrial economy remains challenged. As Brie shared, we now anticipate our revenue growth rate to be in the low single digits.
Regarding our expected earnings cadence for the remainder of the fiscal year, U.S. Postal Service contract termination headwind will begin in Q2 as expected. We plan to reduce our daytime flight hours by approximately 60% with the majority of that reduction taking place in October. We anticipate a negative effect in Q2 from the timing of Cyber Week, which shifts into Q3 this fiscal year. Overall, from an EPS perspective, we expect lower-than-normal seasonality in Q2 and better-than-normal seasonality in the fiscal second half. Supporting this cadence are ramping DRIVE savings that we are confident we will deliver in the quarters ahead.
Turning to our updated full year operating income bridge, which shows the year-over-year operating profit elements embedded in our full year outlook. This bridge now reflects adjusted operating profit of $7 billion, which is equivalent to $20.50 adjusted EPS, the midpoint of our outlook range. For revenue, net of cost, which now includes variable incentive compensation, we expect a $100 million headwind, reflecting our lower revenue projection and the shift in the volume mix dynamic I mentioned earlier.
We now forecast a $500 million headwind from international export yield pressure, up $100 million from our prior expectations due to lower-than-expected base yields and the mix shift to international economy. We still expect about a $300 million headwind from 2 fewer operating days, 1 that was in Q1 and 1 that will be in Q4. And lastly, we anticipate a $500 million headwind from the U.S. Postal Service contract termination. And as I just mentioned, we remain confident in our ability to offset these headwinds with $2.2 billion from incremental DRIVE savings.
Further supporting this revised outlook is our commitment to revenue quality, including our latest demand surcharges, which are broader than they have been historically and fuel surcharge table adjustments, as Brie mentioned. For the full year, at the segment level, we continue to expect adjusted operating margin expansion at Federal Express. At FedEx Freight, assuming the challenging revenue environment persists, we now anticipate a modest decline in operating margin. At the midpoint of this new outlook range, we expect to deliver 15% adjusted EPS growth.
Moving to capital allocation. In Q1, capital expenditures were $767 million. We are on track to invest $5.2 billion in CapEx for FY '25, which is flat versus FY '24, and we still anticipate strong adjusted free cash flow this fiscal year. We'll be allocating capital to the highest return segments of our portfolio, and we remain committed to improving our ROIC. Supported by our healthy cash on hand and strong adjusted free cash flow, we completed $1 billion in stock repurchases in Q1 and plan to repurchase an additional $1 billion in Q2.
Overall, I remain confident in the transformation initiatives underway, which will translate to improved profitability in FY '25 and beyond. And with that, let's open it up for questions.
[Operator Instructions] The first question today is from Brian Ossenbeck with JPMorgan.
Just wanted to see if you could give a little bit more color on the negative mix shift. It seems like it's pretty pervasive but maybe a little bit in the U.S. and also some international. And why do you think you can push through the additional demand surcharges, fuel surcharges and the GRI? So maybe you can square those 2 together because it doesn't seem like it's a constructive environment to keep on raising prices at that level.
Brian, it's Brie. Thank you for the question. So from a pricing perspective, obviously, we look at our entire and our collective pricing strategy in each individual component, but then, of course, holistically. We have been studying kind of the market and the yield, and we're very confident in the capture rate from a GRI that we anticipate in January.
From a demand surcharges perspective, I think we have 2 different factors that we're looking at here: one, we did make the change for the demand surcharge for the domestic market from an e-commerce perspective. As we have kind of talked about over the last couple of years, demand surcharges are necessary to improve the profitability and make sure that we deliver the outstanding service that customers expect because, of course, this is the most important time of the year for retailers.
And this year, we had to make a shift in addition to using demand surcharges for the customers that drive the peaking factors, we had to have a more widespread distribution. But we really are still emphasizing on the customers that drive the increase so we're very confident on the capture from a demand perspective. And then fuel, obviously, when we look at the total yield or customer spend from an international perspective, we think that this is the right mix and the right approach to make sure that we are growing our yield.
We still believe that the international service at FedEx is just a great value, and so we're very confident from a capture perspective. When we look at, to your point, the demand distribution, I would say from an international perspective, we knew that there would be the demand surcharge, and international would behave a little differently than the peak surcharges here in the United States and we had anticipated that. And it was -- actually, there was more pressure there in the first quarter.
We do anticipate that pressure to taper as we go through the year. And what do I mean by that? We can see the strength still in the Asia export market and we can see the stickiness on demand surcharges. So we've made some changes there so we do expect that, that will improve through the year. So I think that kind of gives you just how we're thinking about the pricing and the mix shift.
The next question is from Jordan Alliger with Goldman Sachs.
I was wondering, you talked about the lower-than-normal second quarter EPS seasonality. Can you give some sense for order of magnitude below normal? And how do you define normal? Is it like a percentage of typical full year earnings? And I guess following that, what gives confidence on the sharp second half ramp? Is it more of the economy? Is it mix? Is it B2B coming back?
Yes. Thanks, Jordan. It's John, and we're really not in a position to give quarterly guidance, but what I can share with you is our expected cadence. So regarding our expected earnings cadence for Q2, as we talked about, we're going to experience the U.S. Postal Service contract termination. That will be a headwind that begins in Q2, and we also anticipate a negative effect in Q2 from the timing of Cyber Week so that's going to push into Q3. So overall, from an EPS perspective, we expect lower-than-normal seasonality in Q2 and better-than-normal seasonality in the fiscal second half of the year.
And to your question, supporting our view on this is the rampup in DRIVE savings as well as the revenue actions, really tangible, meaningful revenue actions that Brie talked about. So that's why we're focused on certainly the whole year but that upside in the second half.
The next question is from Jonathan Chappell with Evercore.
John, kind of sticking with that theme, you noted the $390 million in DRIVE in the first quarter was lower than what you anticipated. So can you help us understand why that fell short of your first quarter target? And if you're not -- and if you can't give the cadence quarterly from here or at least how much it's going to be back half weighted, what gives us the confidence that the $2.2 billion is still attainable when coming off a quarter when the quarterly target can be hit?
Yes. Thanks, Jonathan. Look, we had a lot of positive momentum coming through Q4 of last year -- last fiscal year and into the first quarter. And as many of you may have heard me say in the past, with regard to these DRIVE initiatives, many of them over-deliver, some of them under-deliver, some of them produce on time, some perhaps a little later in time.
What I can tell you is there's a very robust DRIVE process, and we feel very strongly that while we're pleased with the $390 million that we delivered, we would like to have seen more based on that positive momentum. But we're committed to the $2.2 billion for the fiscal year. And I'll just also refer to the $1.8 billion from last year. We laid that marker down and we delivered on it. I personally, as well as other members of the senior team, sit on the DRIVE initiative sessions, which occur every week.
So that's really what gives me the confidence, seeing the progress, seeing the commitment of the teams and frankly, the strong pipeline of initiatives that are delivered every week. And so it's an evolving exercise, but at the same time, we're committed to those numbers
The next question is from Tom Wadewitz with UBS.
Wanted to ask you about some of the pressure from purchase transportation costs that were up quite a bit. I think you alluded to them being driven somewhat by International Economy growth. And I guess the question is, is there something that's a little bit wrong right now with International Economy that you're not making money with it or it's just like calibrated wrong? Because it seems like that's part of the problem with PT going up. So yes, how do we think about IE and also the equation for PT expense to be more manageable and less of a drag on margin?
Sure. Thanks, Tom. So yes, as mentioned, the purchase transportation cost did increase. And really, there are 3 major drivers of this absolute expense increase. And first, I'll note that the PT included $130 million of year-over-year increase, which was from higher freight forwarding revenue in our logistics operating segment. And this increase in purchase transportation expense was directly related to increase in revenue at logistics. So that's the first element.
Second, with regard to Federal Express, most of our PT spend is related to our contracted service provider, pickup and delivery, surface linehaul spend, both in the U.S. and internationally, and the remainder at FEC is driven by air commercial linehaul. So in the ordinary course, it's important to note that this is a $4.7-plus billion spend line item. And the ordinary course increases of our -- in our rates amounted to about $140 million of PT expense increase.
That was partially offset by the efficiency gains and, of course, 1 fewer operating day. So that's the second element. And then finally, the third, the $120 million of PT expense was additional commercial air linehaul capacity, which ties in with your point on the International Economy as well as some investment in Tricolor. But what I can say is that those volumes were contributory to the year-over-year profit. So a little pressure on margin but they were contributory and not loss-making. So hopefully, that gives you some clarity on that.
The next question is from Daniel Imbro with Stephens.
Wanted to ask 1 on the FedEx Freight side. So you guys have been closing locations for a little while. You closed more here in 1Q. I guess, how are you thinking, John, about capital deployment towards that segment and actually reinvesting into growth? And then as it relates to the strategic review, where as I understand by year-end, we'll get the update. But what are the factors you guys are still digging into as you decide what's the best decision for this asset over time?
Sure. Thanks for that question. Yes, with regard to freight, it's absolutely part of our capital investment program and our plans. As I mentioned in my remarks, we're looking to invest in those areas of the business that's going to provide the best ROIC and freight is certainly 1 of them. We feel really good about our investment on the air side in our fleet. In fact, that spend is coming down and that allows us some capital to deploy into some of the other areas of the business and Freight is absolutely 1 of them. So stay tuned in terms of the details on that.
But from a capital standpoint, we're going to continue to manage our capital intensity. I think from my perspective, on a year-over-year basis, that's a really good news story. We saw both flat expectations year-over-year as well as some sequential reductions from Q4 of last year. And so facilities are definitely a part of it. It's all part of our integrated plan on One FedEx and Network 2.0 as well.
Daniel, it's Brie. The only other thing that I would like to add is I just wanted to make sure there was an assumption in that question that we were constraining growth at FedEx Freight because of capital allocation. That is not at all the case. Obviously, there's a tough freight environment right now. But Lance, John, and I are very committed to profitably growing the FedEx Freight portfolio, and we feel really good about our value proposition. So we are looking always for dock-door expansion in the right markets. And where we make closures, they're simply just from the right place from a growth perspective.
The next question is from Chris Wetherbee from Wells Fargo.
Just as we're thinking to try to calibrate a little bit appropriately here, John, maybe if you could help us on the second quarter, is there enough in terms of the walk as you move from 1Q to 2Q for earnings to be up sequentially? I guess, would maybe be the first question. And I guess maybe for Brie, just very quickly on the pricing side. Obviously some big peak season surcharges that have come -- you've been announced so far, I guess. How do you think about sort of the compliance or capture rate around that? And any sort of early indications you're having from your customers on their -- the likelihood of them kind of coming to fruition?
Yes. Thanks, Chris. I'll take the first part of that and then turn it over to Brie. Yes, but on a sequential basis, when we talk about the revenue actions and the pricing actions that Brie talked about, coupled with the DRIVE savings that we expect and are committed to, yes, we see definitely the opportunity for sequential quarter-over-quarter profit improvement.
Chris, from a demand surcharge perspective, obviously, we've got several years of a track record and also our large customer peak surcharges are already prenegotiated so I feel pretty good from a capture perspective there. We have, to your point, changed methodologies a little bit. I think we've been conservative in our estimate on the capture right there, and that is reflected already in the range provided.
So I think we've got the right balance. I am optimistic about the capture because I think customers do understand that there's a lot of pressure on the network, especially this year. If you think about the shopping period for this year, there's 5 less shopping days which means there's 3 less operating days. And so it really is a condensed peak period. And I think our customers understand that and therefore understand the broader approach from a peak demand perspective.
The next question is from Stephanie Moore with Jefferies.
Maybe taking a step back here, looking at the quarter, clearly, some challenges outside of your control really that you called out impacting the top line and kind of the full year expectations. But as kind of look at the performance of the quarter, given it was a bit more of a challenging top line environment, still saw a pretty material impact to overall earnings kind of going quarter-to-quarter here, 4Q to 1Q.
So as you think about your ability to kind of flex your network and adjust to maybe some of these challenges that can pop up intra-quarter, how would you kind of rate your performance? And as you think back, is there something that should have been done differently? DRIVE savings, you obviously have called out. But just as again you can flex your network, maybe just some insight there would be helpful.
Yes. Thanks, Stephanie. It's John. Yes. No, it's a great question. And I think the team does an excellent job of monitoring the demand trends and adjusting as best we can. Pretty dramatic changes, though, when you talk about the mix shift that we experienced. And volumes were there. Volumes were, for the most part, pretty strong. And when you're operating such an expansive network, it takes a little bit of time to adjust, but we're looking at that every day, and frankly, every week and making schedule adjustments.
And frankly, as we look forward here, as part of the winding down of the Postal Service contract, I think we're going to have some additional flexibility to continue to create the network of the future, which is going to allow for some additional efficiencies and flexibility. So we're optimistic about that. But when -- again, you're talking about a large network. It's tough to flip a switch, if you will. But I think the team does a great job of monitoring that and adjusting.
The next question is from Brandon Oglenski with Barclays.
Raj, I guess if I listened to the call only, it sounds like DRIVE is working, FedEx One (sic) [ One FedEx ] is well underway. The Tricolor initiative is supposed to be delivering profitable market share. But -- and I guess it's kind of just feeding off that last question. The reality is this is one of the lowest profit first quarters that we've seen since maybe 2009.
And EPS is very much run rating well below your full year range here. So I think it's just -- it's really hard to get credibility with investors with these types of numbers and with costs that are actually up, even though supposedly DRIVE is underway. So I don't know, can you just give us some concrete examples of what's going to change? I get it the post office contract is going away. I think taking down daytime flying is a step in the right direction. But incrementally, how do we get to that much higher earnings run rate?
Well, thank you, Brandon, for the question. I will just start by saying, yes, this point that we just talked about before, the soft industrial economy is clearly weighing on the B2B volumes. And it was definitely much weaker than we expected, and we have to make adjustments accordingly. And as you know, shipments linked to industrial production are highest-yielding and the most profitable.
At the same time, e-commerce is resetting and starting to grow again, and we're also seeing some modest improvements in global trade. So the dynamics of the profile of our traffic changed. Having said all this, we are absolutely focused on what we can control. And this is the mantra that we have preached over the past 2 years, and we have got real good success that we have demonstrated over several quarters.
We have a very, very deep sense of urgency in executing our structural cost structure programs. You can take that to the bank. We have revenue quality initiatives that Brie talked about. We have profitable growth opportunities that we are lining up as well. And everything, I mean, everything is now being done with the rigor and the discipline of DRIVE. This is a proven method of success, and I'm very confident that our execution will get us to support our FY '25 guidance. I'm going to turn it to John to talk about any -- specifically some examples on the DRIVE side and maybe Brie on the growth side.
Sure, Raj. Thank you. So again, across the board, as we look at surface operations, for example, we're going to continue to optimize our staffing and enhance efficiencies across all our segments, frankly, and the implementation of some of our technology tools is going to facilitate not only present day but also as we look forward into Network 2.0. It's going to be a key element of that.
On the air network, we're looking at the entire network. I mentioned what we're able to do once we're relieved of the Postal Service flying. But our air network, there's more we can do in Europe. There's more we can do internationally and matching the size of aircraft, the gauge of aircraft with the demand profiles, there's a lot of great work being done there.
Europe is another area where we're going to be able to have, as Raj mentioned in his initial comments, some opportunity there and leveraging not only the DRIVE initiatives, but as Raj mentioned, it's a significant ground operation there, and we're leveraging the expertise of what we do exceptionally well here in the U.S. to facilitate and continue to improve what we're doing in Europe.
And then the progress we're making on G&A is significant. As we're bringing the opcos together just from a procurement standpoint, I mentioned IT. There's a lot of great work being done, of which there's more to do, but we're getting benefit from leveraging our scale on procurement and centralizing that, and just a whole number of initiatives that are going to contribute to the rest of the year as well as delivering on the $2.2 billion.
Brandon, the only thing that I will add, as we talked about kind of the plans that we have for demand surcharges as well as the fuel surcharge table changes, both the domestic change and the international change, not all of this was planned or in our original assumptions come June, so that is additive. The impact there absolutely is impacting Q2, but the majority of the impact will happen in Q3, given just the distribution of peak and then, of course, our GRI. So that gives us great context -- or sorry, great confidence because we can forecast this with a lot of granularity.
And then I think just additive to what John said, as we look at our European pricing strategy, as I've talked about, we are taking a lot of our tools and capabilities from the U.S. into Europe to improve their profitability and their pricing capture. Dimensional capture is significant for Europe because remember, they do have a sizable intra-European freight business and getting all dimensional capture both there and large package for parcel is incredibly important to that business.
And you can see some of the discipline improving. The international domestic yields did improve, and of course, that is a big part of the Europe business. So I'm very confident in not only what we've announced but some of the things that we have coming for Europe.
The next question is from Jason Seidl with TD Cowen.
How should we think about the overall macro? I mean, we've seen a very weak industrial environment. You guys seem to point to weaker parcel volumes and then even a trade down. I guess what's in your assumptions going forward for the overall macro? And then as a follow-up, if there is a strike on the East Coast port, how could that potentially impact any air freight volumes, you might say?
Okay. Thank you, Jason, for the question. Clearly, this quarter, the industrial economy is weighing on our B2B volumes and the S&P U.S. Manufacturing PMI dipped 1.7 points to 47.9, is the lowest reading of the year. And at the same time, e-commerce is resetting and starting to grow again. As of Q2 CY '24, e-commerce was 16% of retail sales, which is up from 15.8% in Q1. And the same -- also, we're also seeing modest improvement in the global trade data. The trade was up 1.8% year-over-year in June and bringing the growth for H1 CY '24 to 0.9%. So this is being out of Asia.
To give you some idea, the magnitude of the Fed rate cuts yesterday signals the weakness of the current environment. Now we're not assuming a significant comeback on the industrial environment in the rest of this calendar year. We are cautiously optimistic that industrial production will moderately improve in the second half, but we are dialing in pretty low growth expectations at this point because of the environment we are seeing.
Once again, let me just say this, that we remain focused on what we can control, and that is really critical for us. And the actions we're taking on executing our structural cost savings, our revenue initiatives and growth initiatives are absolutely critical, and we are confident we'll deliver on the guidance that we gave you.
And Jason, if I could, you had asked about the port disruption, and my experience is anytime you have some port disruption, it generally favors air freight so we'll be watching that closely and keep you posted on that.
Let's move on to the next question is Scott Group with Wolfe Research.
I'm in an airport so sorry about any background noise. Raj, I know we're not through the review yet for LTL, but maybe just, what are the puts and takes, the pros and cons? And if you can say, are you -- do you feel like it's more or less likely that you move forward with the sale or spin? And while we're on the just topic of like strategic reviews, is there a point where you think about strategic options for the Europe business if we can't get that to profitability?
So Scott, I'll take the first one. As Raj mentioned in his remarks, this assessment is well underway, and we're on track to complete it and communicate the outcome of that by the end of the calendar year.
Okay. And on Europe, let me just say this much. Europe is a top priority for the executive team and we have a long runway of profit improvement there. In fact, the entire exec committee was in the continent in June to show support for the team. Our focus is on capturing profitable share, while at the same time, improving our cost profile. In fact, in FY '24, we saw the financial performance in Europe improve year-over-year.
We are seeing improvement in service levels, the commercial execution driving profitable share gains and the service levels have been highest than in the past 3 years. Now as we've just talked about before, I mean, Europe is primarily a ground and freight business. And as we have shown in the U.S., we know how to run a very profitable surface network. And we are taking these learnings from the U.S. and applying it to Europe.
Over the past few months, we've done an incredible amount of work in designing the right physical and technological solutions to enable the streamlined flow of packages and pallets across our intra-European road network, and now this is being put into action. And our U.S. domestic surface executive management team is directly involved and intricately involved in the optimization of the European service network. So with that, we are going to drive improvement in Europe, again, managed through the DRIVE process will improve the station and hub efficiency, will optimize the linehaul and last-mile density.
We will continue to improve on our G&A and back office savings, as we talked about, implement dimensional pricing for European freight products. And you put in place a revised organization structure, which added expertise from the U.S. surface team. We are confident of this now in Europe, and we are expecting improvement of $600 million over FY '23 as part of DRIVE. And we're confident that the right leadership in place with Walter at the helm. So thank you for the question, Scott.
The next question is from David Vernon with Bernstein.
So John, if you think about the cadence of earnings for the remainder of FY '25, the [ 60 90 ] or so, can you give us a sense for how much of that is front versus back end loaded? And then I know you can't really talk much about the -- beyond the fact that the freight review is ongoing. But there's been some discussion in the market about whether the freight margins, as they're reported with intercompany costs, would be similar to what they might be kind of coming out if it was a stand-alone business.
Can you just talk conceptually whether the intercompany costs that are charged to the Freight business right now sort of accurately reflect what a burden might be if you had to equip it with the sales force, for example?
Yes. Thanks, David. Yes. I'm not going to comment further on Freight. There's a comprehensive assessment taking place that takes all those things into account and look forward to reporting back on that. Now with regard to the cadence, as I said, we're expecting to be, from a seasonal standpoint, below seasonality, and it's going to be back half sequentially, we're going to see continued improvement through the year. And that includes our DRIVE initiatives as well as our profitability initiatives.
The next question is from Bruce Chan with Stifel.
You made a couple of mentions of the strong Asia export volumes. Can you just maybe level set on how much of that is coming from the big 2 or 3 Chinese e-comm players and how you're thinking about those volumes heading in the peak season? And then maybe just a follow-up. If we think about these players taking down a lot of capacity during peak season and maybe pushing airfreight costs upwards, what's the sort of net impact here with Tricolor? I'd imagine that there's some tailwind to the Purple Tails but maybe there's continued PT pressure on some of the other colors. So just maybe some thoughts on how we should think about that.
Bruce, it's Brie, I think I've got it all. So as we think about Asia export for the rest of the fiscal year, we are expecting sort of continued strength based on what we saw in Q1. From a seasonality, yes, of course, we'll have some seasonal improvement in the peak period coming out of Asia. But we think that the volumes will remain very similar kind of seasonally throughout the year.
With regards to the big 2, we have very productive relationships with them. However, we've also been very strategic in making sure that the relationship is mutually beneficial. What do I mean by that? Obviously, these are 2 massive shippers coming out of the Asia market, and we have found, I would say, small opportunities to work together relative to our overall Asia business. So we're really happy with the relationship. They are accretive but we have really focused on the parts of their business where they do need speed and/or where we have available capacity coming into the United States.
So we're happy with these relationships. They will not be a significant growth driver for us and we're not planning on that. We also do not see any sort of material risk coming out of peak as a result either.
And I guess I should say, from a Tricolor perspective, just to the last part of your question, we absolutely expect that improved Tricolor optimization that John has covered earlier will continue to improve all of our international margins. We really have to think about the Tricolor being the right strategy for the entire international system form as we anticipate that deferred volumes will continue to be the largest growth driver in the industry.
The final question today comes from Ken Hoexter with Bank of America.
I guess maybe just there's still, it seems to be, a bit of confusion based on a lot of questions coming in just on the margin outlook, right? So if you're -- well, I guess one, sequentially, John, you did say it's going to be up both sequentially and year-over-year, right? I think you threw the 2 things together. But if Raj, I guess if we're talking about 5% combined margins now, is the economy service a negative margin business that is dragging you down? If International is still losing money, does the $600 million you're talking about get you to breakeven versus peers at 20%? Maybe you can talk about kind of where does this go once you're done with the DRIVE savings before Network 2.0, but what is the flow-through that we can kind of expect on a net basis?
So Ken, I'll start with that. I believe I said sequential. I didn't -- don't believe I said year-over-year so just that 1 clarification. And so again, from -- we're not going to be providing quarterly guidance. But for modeling purposes, we're anticipating Freight margins to be down for the full year due to the challenging U.S. domestic industrial economy. And we do anticipate adjusted FEC margins to be up for FY '25 driven by DRIVE and the recent pricing actions, which will support profitable growth.
And let me just add, Ken, that the items that you just talked about, and let me just recap, with Network 2.0 coming into play in the horizon we're talking about in the next couple of years, improvements that we are seeing in Europe and that will continue on, Tricolor will be a huge advantage as we restructure the system. These are all accretive to the FedEx story as we move forward here. And so as we complete the $4 billion of DRIVE savings in fiscal '25, we still have significant drivers of profitable expansion for FedEx this year and for some time in the future.
This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Raj Subramaniam for any closing remarks.
Thank you very much. As you know, we faced a very difficult quarter marked by weaker-than-expected demand environment. However, because of the execution focus that we have, I remain confident in the value-creation opportunities ahead. We are focused on delivering structural cost reduction through DRIVE and executing on our network transformation plans. And these efforts will lead to a more flexible, efficient and intelligent network.
Once again, let me thank the FedEx team members for their hard work and dedication to delivering outstanding customer experience as we prepare for the peak season. And thank you all for your time and attention today.
The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.