Douglas Emmett Inc
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Earnings Call Transcript

Earnings Call Transcript
2019-Q1

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Operator

Ladies and gentlemen thank you for standing by. Welcome to Douglas Emmett's Quarterly Earnings Call. Today's call is being recorded. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After management’s prepared remarks’ you will receive instructions for participating in the question-and-answer session.

I will now turn the conference over to Stuart McElhinney, Vice President of Investor Relations for Douglas Emmett. Please go ahead.

S
Stuart McElhinney
Vice President of Investor Relations

Thank you. Joining us today on the call are Jordan Kaplan, our President and CEO; Kevin Crummy, our CIO; and Peter Seymour, our CFO. This call is being webcast live from our website and will be available for replay during the next 90 days. You can also find our earnings package at the Investor Relations section of our website. You can find reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures discussed during today's call in the earnings package.

During the course of this call, we will make forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs of, assumptions made by and information currently available to us. Our actual results will be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties and factors that are beyond our control or ability to predict.

Although, we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, they are not guarantees of future performance, and some will prove to be incorrect. Therefore, our actual future results can be expected to differ from our expectations, and those differences may be material.

For a more detailed description of some potential risks, please refer to our SEC filings, which can be found in the Investor Relations section of our website. When we reach the question-and-answer portion, in consideration of others, please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up.

I will now turn the call over to Jordan.

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

Good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us. 2019 is off to a great start. Compared to first quarter of 2018, we grew our FFO by 7.4%. We increased our AFFO by 20%, as we continue to replace non-cash with cash revenue and benefit from lower leasing cost. Driven by strong revenue growth, our same-property cash NOI grew by 7.6%.

Last quarter, I announced our plan to add approximately 500 new workforce apartments in downtown Honolulu by converting Bishop Place, a 25-story 490,000 square-foot office tower. We expect to start construction this summer.

Sustainability remains a major focus of our operating team. Since 2009, we reduced our energy consumption by 21% per square foot across our entire portfolio. For new acquisitions, it is not uncommon for us to reduce energy consumption by 25% during the first two years.

Finally, I want to welcome Peter Seymour to his first earnings call. Peter is now our CFO and Mona Gisler is continuing as our Chief Accounting Officer.

With that, I'll turn the call over to Kevin.

K
Kevin Crummy
Chief Information Officer

Thanks, Jordan, and good morning, everyone. In Brentwood, the construction of our 376-unit high-rise apartment tower remains on budget and on schedule for a late 2021 completion. We are wrapping up our first group of office repositioning projects and are already seeing positive impact to rental rates.

We plan to continue pursuing repositioning opportunities that we believe will provide a high return on our invested capital. For example, while repositioning a 650,000-square-foot Warner Center office property, we are converting a vacant gym into a 45,000-square-foot creative office building with 15-foot ceilings and spacious balconies.

In March, we renewed our $400 million non-recourse revolving credit facility secured by six properties. In addition to extending the maturity date, we've lowered the interest rate and reduced the unused facility fees. The extended credit line bears an interest at LIBOR plus 1.15% and matures in August of 2023.

With our AFFO payout ratio under 61% our cash flow remains healthy and our balance sheet is strong. Although, the volume of trades in our markets has declined from the frenetic pace of recent years, we are seeing some good opportunities and expect to see more going forward.

With that, I will now turn the call over to Stuart.

S
Stuart McElhinney
Vice President of Investor Relations

Thanks Kevin. Good morning everyone. In Q1, we signed 196 office leases covering 772,000 square feet, including 280,000 square feet of new leases. Leasing spreads for the quarter were 20.5% for straight-line rent roll-up and 9.1% for cash roll-up. These results reflect a high concentration of leases in the Valley.

The lease rate for our total office portfolio increased slightly to 91.8% and occupancy remained 90.3%. For the first time in years, Honolulu is seeing increased tenant demand. This combined with the relocation of tenants from Bishop Place to our other office buildings has increased our Honolulu lease rate to 94.8%.

On the multi0family side, our portfolio remained fully leased at quarter end. Our recently completed units at Moanalua continued to lease up at a good pace with rents well above our pro forma.

I'll now turn the call over to Peter to discuss our results.

P
Peter Seymour
Chief Financial Officer.

Thanks Stuart. Good morning everyone. We are pleased with our Q1 results. Compared to a year ago in the first quarter of 2019, we increased revenues by 5.6%. We increased FFO 7.4% to $103.1 million or $0.52 per share. We increased AFFO 19.9% to $85.1 million, and we increased our same-property cash NOI by 7.6%.

As you know, we now include certain internal leasing expenses in our G&A. Even with this change, our G&A is only 4.4% of revenues and remains well below that of our benchmark group.

Turning to guidance. Based on the strength of our core operations and continued rent increases, we have increased our assumption for growth in same-property cash NOI to between 5.5% and 6.5%. As a result of this and other factors, we are raising our FFO guidance for 2019 by $0.02 to between $2.09 and $2.15 per share.

As usual, our guidance does not assume the impact of future acquisitions, dispositions or financings. For more information on the assumptions underlying our guidance, please refer to the schedule in the earnings package.

I will now turn the call over to the operator, so we can take your questions.

Operator

We will now begin the question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] The first question comes from Jason Green with Evercore. Please go ahead.

J
Jason Green
Evercore

Good afternoon. Just a question on the rent spreads coming in at 9%, which is still strong but does represent a deceleration quarter-over-quarter. Is there anything going on from a market rent growth perspective? Or is that just a different mix of space?

S
Stuart McElhinney
Vice President of Investor Relations

Hey, Jason. Yes, we had just a higher concentration of leases in the Valley this quarter, still seeing really good roll-up. And that could be a choppy metric quarter-to-quarter, but still very happy with the roll-up percent.

J
Jason Green
Evercore

Got it. And then just taking a look at your markets. Warner Center is still clearly the laggard in terms of percentage leased. Can you go a little deeper into what the activity level is out there and what the long-term strategy is?

S
Stuart McElhinney
Vice President of Investor Relations

Yeah. We've made great progress there. We're up 300 basis points in lease percentage from a year ago. So we're generally pleased with the progress and still seeing good activity.

J
Jason Green
Evercore

Got it. Thank you.

Operator

The next question comes from Craig Mailman with KeyBanc Capital Markets. Please go ahead.

C
Craig Mailman
KeyBanc

Hey, guys. Just a follow-up on the rent spreads. Just looking kind of next two quarter lease exploration it's – you guys have a decent amount in kind of the Valley and Honolulu. I mean, should we expect a little bit of that moderation to continue relative to the kind of the 10-plus percent you guys have had the previous few quarters?

S
Stuart McElhinney
Vice President of Investor Relations

We don't provide guidance on lease roll-ups, just because it's so hard to predict quarter-to-quarter. Overall, the trends we're seeing are really good, but it can be choppy depending on what gets signed in an individual quarter.

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

I mean, we said that, those two consumer markets that you just named don't have the steep roll-up as you do on the Westside though. I mean you're correct to presume that.

C
Craig Mailman
KeyBanc

Yeah. And are you guys seeing – you said demand in Honolulu has picked up. Have you seen market rents move at all? Or is it too early?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

Yes. We've seen market rents move.

C
Craig Mailman
KeyBanc

And then just one other one. You guys have a few years until Time Warner Burbank rolls again. But just with their big investment out there what do you think happens to that space? And does that at all change your view of kind of holding that loan asset out there?

K
Kevin Crummy
Chief Information Officer

Hey, Craig, it's Kevin. I mean, first of all, we're super excited about their increased commitment to the market. And it's not only Warner Bros. Disney's actually been absorbing some space out there. So it's tight as a drum. Our lease runs until 2024. So it's really tough to roll it forward five years and say what's going to happen. But there's no indication that space is coming out of our building. And as I said that, market is really, really tight. So that's as much as we know.

C
Craig Mailman
KeyBanc

Thank you.

Operator

The next question comes from Brendan Finn with Wells Fargo. Please go ahead.

B
Brendan Finn
Wells Fargo

Hey, guys. Good morning. In the presentation you guys indicated that you'll spend about $70 million on office repositioning projects in 2019. I guess can you guys talk about the level of returns you're seeing on that investment? And then I guess maybe any initial expectations on how much you plan to spend on these types of projects next year?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

Okay. So did we give – we gave the spend on 2018. Have we given spend on 2019?

S
Stuart McElhinney
Vice President of Investor Relations

Yeah. We said about $70 million.

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

We did? So I don't have any – I mean, literally we don't have a number for 2020 which is what you're asking. The returns on this year that we're in I think are going to be very similar to the expected returns. On the other stuff we're probably going to add four projects this year as we finish the other projects that we're doing. And they are all equivalently very high-payback projects. So all these numbers are so high that it's useless to try and say 20 IRR 23 IRR. But they're high numbers.

B
Brendan Finn
Wells Fargo

Got you. Okay. Thanks. That's helpful. And then just on guidance. Can you guys just comment on the drivers behind the 50 basis point increase in kind of same-store? Is that driven more by office or multifamily? Or is it a combination of the two? And then, I guess since you guys didn't increase office occupancy guidance is it more of a benefit on the expense side?

P
Peter Seymour
Chief Financial Officer.

Yeah. I mean you can – this is Peter. You can see in the results that the big growth this quarter was in office. That's really driving the number. And I think it's a combination of rent growth and expense control and that's the main driver there.

B
Brendan Finn
Wells Fargo

Okay. Thanks, guys.

Operator

The next question comes from Manny Korchman with Citi. Please go ahead.

M
Manny Korchman
Citi

Hi, everyone. Just sticking to the repositioning for a second. Do you anticipate any revenue loss from any of that? Do you have to move tenants around or get anyone out? Or is it just focused on there are more vacant buildings, more vacant space and then sort of just upside?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

I don't think -- when I think through what we're doing in the various locations. What, I mean, I'm not expecting substantial occupancy changes being driven by them until we really get in the work we'll see whether -- some tenants can always be unhappy about stuff within that building even when we're improving it. I know that some of the work we're doing is in Hawaii to be fully prepared and accommodate tenants moving out of our other building. And then of course one of them is in the Valley, which you saw -- which I think Stuart talked about in his section. And then we have two here on the Westside. And all of them are good candidates for very high returns without us taking much in the way of hits as a result of the work.

M
Manny Korchman
Citi

Thank you. And on the acquisitions you mentioned it might pick-up again. Just if we were thinking about structure maybe similar to the JVs that you put in place the last few years?

K
Kevin Crummy
Chief Information Officer

Manny, that's really dependent on the size of the property and because keep in mind that a lot of our buildings and our markets don't require hundreds of millions of dollars of equity. And so for the smaller stuff that might come on balance sheet maybe it drops into an existing venture. We kind of have to look at it opportunity-by-opportunity.

M
Manny Korchman
Citi

Thanks, guys.

Operator

The next question comes from Jamie Feldman with Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Please go ahead.

J
Jamie Feldman
Bank of America Merrill Lynch.

Great. Can you talk more about the pickup in demand in Honolulu? What's driving it? And then I mean with the REIT legislation on the docket there would that change at all your appetite to do your redevelopment plan? Or invest there?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

So the pickup downtown, I think, is a result of two things. One is large tenants moving in the area. Big university took 100,000 feet. And then, of course, you know that with 1,132 we're moving tenants out of there and that's just changing the whole kind of supply/demand equation in that area. We're working to accommodate that situation appropriately. And with work we're doing there not just to 1,132 but squared off the whole thing. In terms of the REIT legislation that is still -- hasn't passed, still out there. So I don't want -- we're not going to comment on that until we see where it goes.

J
Jamie Feldman
Bank of America Merrill Lynch.

Okay. But you're saying on the demand side there's actually a pickup in job growth and in demand downtown?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

What I'm saying is there's some large tenants some that have settled and signed and others that we know are looking to work their way into the downtown area are all creating additional demand on the demand side beyond the fact that you know we're moving tenants out of 1,132 which is creating demand in the other building. And then of course 1,132 coming out of the downtown as a viable candidate for multi-office is and moving to multi-resi is reducing the supply in the office front.

J
Jamie Feldman
Bank of America Merrill Lynch.

Okay. Thank you. And then an update on -- if you can provide an update maybe on the Century City blocks that you guys have available. And then it looks like you have a vacancy dip in Westwood and Brentwood. Just if there's anything sizable there, or that was just more ins and outs of the portfolio?

S
Stuart McElhinney
Vice President of Investor Relations

Yeah. Just I think normal ins and outs. We had several tenants’ kind of our typical size move out across a couple of buildings in Brentwood, but we're seeing good activity there. We got a two-floor tenant move out of a building in Westwood. So that's a good opportunity for us to break up some space there in a building that's going through a pretty major repositioning. And we're really excited about -- it'll be done in the fall.

J
Jamie Feldman
Bank of America Merrill Lynch.

And the Century City spaces?

S
Stuart McElhinney
Vice President of Investor Relations

Yeah. Century City, I think we're making good progress. I know that there was focus on Century City and Santa Monica a couple of quarters ago. But those are two of our strongest submarkets and we're getting good activity on both of those.

J
Jamie Feldman
Bank of America Merrill Lynch.

Okay. All right, great. Thank you.

Operator

The next question comes from John Kim with BMO Capital Markets. Please go ahead.

J
John Kim
BMO Capital Markets

Thank you. Just a follow-up on the office repositioning. It looks like a lot of these investments are mostly cosmetic changes except for maybe adding some retail. Is that the case this time around? Or are there investments to improve the energy efficiency for instance of some of your buildings?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

We actually do the -- we've been investing a lot of money in energy efficiency, but we don't count that among this group of re-positioning because that's going on separately in many more buildings than just the ones that we mentioned to you that we say we're repositioning.

And I mean, I'm glad you asked because we put it in my section to mention what was going on there because we've made such great strides, which have been -- ended up being particularly important because as you know rates are going up. So we're like rapidly working to lower our utilization, but of course we're fighting against increasing rates and that's creating a lot of noise in what otherwise would be tremendous gains when you look at the amount we're reducing our energy consumption. And it's been super helpful the fact that we have all those programs, when we buy a building because it's one of our best pickups in terms of the cost of running the building compared to what's going on in the pro forma, the seller provides us in terms of their energy costs.

J
John Kim
BMO Capital Markets

Jordan, could you place the figure on the returns you got on those investments?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

Well, I think most of them fall within three years in terms of payback. So -- and I think some of them even can almost look like two years when you look at the benefits that we get in terms of credits back from the utilities and stuff like that. So they're -- obviously they're very high return and their churn keeps moving up as -- unfortunately as they keep increasing the rate at which they charge us.

J
John Kim
BMO Capital Markets

And then on the additional opportunities that you're looking at. Could you break that down between office and multi-family?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Well, I can break it down to the extent to say, we're looking at both. I mean there's office and multifamily and -- in Westside and the Valley.

J
John Kim
BMO Capital Markets

I'm just trying to -- I know on the last call you mentioned that you were -- or it seem like you're more bullish on multifamily than office. And I'm wondering if you're just pursuing more opportunities weighted towards multifamily or mixed-use.

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

Well, we were always going to pursue opportunities related to multifamily, but you have to have a good institutional deal come up. And then I mean it's not a secret that multifamily is a very valuable product. So when it cuts off, they trade at very low cap rates. So when you find a deal that you can buy that works that's super good. And we turn none of those down. Now at the same time, it's just a fact more office deals come out. And that's why you see our ratio always leans to office. Not that we're not willing to buy an equal amount or more multifamily if it's available and priced in a way that we like.

J
John Kim
BMO Capital Markets

Thank you.

Operator

The next question comes from John Guinee with Stifel. Please go ahead.

J
John Guinee
Stifel

Great. A couple of cleanup questions. First, is your Honolulu apartment expansion 100% stabilized and operating? It’s one question. And then second, I have this recollection that you own 200,000 or 300,000 square feet of retail in Sherman Oaks. If that's correct, what's the status of that asset?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

So the residential that we just completed, I think it's around two-thirds leased. And so -- and as we've said in the past, we expected it to be fully leased before year-end. I think it'll easily be fully leased before year-end. So that project has been really just tremendously successful for us.

In terms of Sherman Oaks retail, I mean without giving guidance on a particular building, I don't know that the retail we have is particularly well fit to the office. We have a high density of office all around that corner. I know you're thinking of the Sherman Oaks Galleria and I don't know of any particular issues around the retail that we have there that serves that office community.

J
John Guinee
Stifel

Okay. So just to clarify, if I'm looking at your corporate data on page 3, it has 10-prop multifamily properties 3,600 units, 99.6 leased. That doesn't include the lease-up of the property in Honolulu?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

That's right. And I think if you look at the guidance section that actually says that it doesn't include properties that are in lease-up. That's lease-up. Yes.

J
John Guinee
Stifel

Got you. And then last question. We talk about this all the time. But Prop 13 on the 2020 ballots split between commercial and residential, what do you think -- what's your current thinking on that?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

My current thinking continues to be that I think it is extremely unlikely Prop 13 is very popular. What they're trying to do is actually more complicated than the simple thing that you just said. And on top of all of that my prediction is supported by the fact that it's not polling very well.

J
John Guinee
Stifel

Great. Thank you.

Operator

The next question comes from Alexander Goldfarb with Sandler O'Neill. Please go ahead.

A
Alexander Goldfarb
Sandler O'Neill

Hey good morning out there. So just two questions from me. The first is a few years ago, you guys had done some proactive leasing where you got tenants to cancel out and take back the space early to re-let. Just given what's going on. Are you aiming to do that as you undertake the office renovations that you're talking about as you go through the portfolio trying to utilize space? Are you trying to seek to also get at some of the office space early from tenants?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

I mean in general in terms of like the market economics? Absolutely. Now, in terms of the sophistication of tenants and the amount of opportunities that exist in that space as people have seen rents rise all through the Westside, the opportunities just aren't as plentiful as they were a couple of years ago when we were more successful in knocking north of that.

A
Alexander Goldfarb
Sandler O'Neill

Okay. And then the separate question is Jordan, I mean, you guys obviously have been trying at the Brentwood Apartments for many years so that wasn't a surprise. The Hawaii building rehab into residential. Again, that theme had been out in Hawaii for a few years as far as the need for multifamily. But you guys recently are stepping up your office game as far as improving your buildings and what have you making them more productive.

Is that just a function of now the economics work that these were always the plan that you guys had in mind, but now the economics and the market makes sense to actually do it? Or are you finding that you're potentially losing tenants to other buildings because they don't have whatever the amenities that you are putting in or some of the stuff? So I'm just trying to understand how much of this was always on the drawing board and now you're implementing because the economics makes sense? Versus the environment's a lot more competitive and therefore this is just what you have to do to be -- to stay at the sort of A status that you guys are?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

Okay. So I'm going to give -- that's a great question and I like being asked it. I'm going to take two seconds to really answer it. So if you think of how to -- generally how we talk about the company, we always historically have talked first about the operating platform. And in fact of all the 30 years, the way the company has operated for the most part is the operating platform protects us in a recession. And if you see when you go into a recession rents flatten out across all markets. All tenants come at you from a price perspective.

And so the operating platform, our operating platform is so sophisticated in a recession. And if you look at our numbers, you'll see, we dramatically outperform everybody else and we keep our buildings filled that way and keep our revenues strong that way. When you're in a strong market and a tight market, there becomes a lot of rent differentiation across markets and across buildings. So in that situation in order to push our revenue and our income, it does pay then to redo buildings and then the capital that you're putting in is paid back at very high multiples, because there's rent differentiation and you can see your difference on rent that you'll get from that capital that you spent.

If we were to spend that kind of capital in a recession, we would only be buying occupancy. We wouldn't be buying return. But because the operating platform protects in a recession, doesn't cause us to have to lay out that kind of capital then the time to do it is when you see rent differentiation when you can get paid for the capital. And that's why you see us undertaking so many of those projects now because we start out studying the market and saying, if we lay out this capital will we change rental rates and income? When that answer becomes yes, then we get into that program.

And you know all through these markets they're very tight and good and there is rent differentiation. So that's why we know we're getting paid for laying out the capital. Sorry that was long. That was long, but that's how -- why that works that way.

A
Alexander Goldfarb
Sandler O'Neill

It's been a quick call. So thank you for the time.

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

Okay.

Operator

The next question comes from Dave Rodgers with Baird. Please go ahead.

D
Dave Rodgers
Baird

Jordan, I don't know if this dovetails into maybe the last question, but obviously in the most recent cycle we've seen a lot of larger office transactions or leasing transactions. If you guys are able to kind of aggregate more space together of the $1.6 million or so I think that you've got available in office together I don't know if it's possible, but is there more demand for larger space in your markets? Are you finding it harder to find the smaller tenants as interested?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

There's a lot of demand coming from large tenants. There's a lot of demand coming from small tenants. We lean in the exact opposite direction. So we lean towards trying to break space up, not going after large tenants, because speaking frankly I think the returns we get from smaller tenants are higher than the returns you get from all the turnover costs and the cost of getting large tenants in the space. So we would prefer always when we have a large space to take our medicine, break it up, and lease it to smaller tenants because then never -- going forward that never represents again a large risk space.

So, we lean more towards to breaking up than to aggregating and creating large blocks of space. Although I will say, there's super high demand on both areas, and it's obviously more rare when it's coming in the large tenants side. But there are -- there is a lot of demand on the large tenant side.

D
Dave Rodgers
Baird

Great. Then maybe just a follow-up to the Honolulu office conversion to resi. Do you have a good sense of the existing tenants and who's going to stay in your portfolio? Who won't? And kind of how that's going to play out and any impact that that might have to your portfolio and financial metrics in the next year or two? Is there better clarity now?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

Well, I -- we're not giving guidance going forward. I mean, we have said already that we've cleared four floors. We expect to deliver 100 units next year. Obviously, we want to accommodate and work with our tenants and get them properly placed in their next space. So, we won't know those answers until as time progresses, we go through with each tenant what they want to do and where they want to go. In the end the whole building is going to be residential.

D
Dave Rodgers
Baird

Great, okay. Thanks.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] The next question comes from Mitch Germain with JMP Securities. Please go ahead.

M
Mitch Germain
JMP Securities

Yes. What's the timeline on the creative office development that you guys are contemplating?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

You mean the conversion of the gym that we're doing out in Brentwood?

M
Mitch Germain
JMP Securities

Yeah, exactly.

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

It's a project that's going to start this year, and I suspect that it will be completed before the end of next year.

M
Mitch Germain
JMP Securities

So, no real hold-up with approvals or anything like that?

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

There's always hold-up with approvals but, I think that's a reasonable timeline the one I just gave you.

M
Mitch Germain
JMP Securities

Thanks. And then on the multifamily rents, obviously the pace of rent growth is slowing a bit. I know the market itself, but is there anything to read into there? Or...

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

No. I mean – look, I think we all got used to very high rent growth for a while. I don't think the 5s and 6s and even sometimes higher, which you get used to. And I don't necessarily think two or three. I mean I've always thought that number should be in the 4s and that's where it stabilizes.

M
Mitch Germain
JMP Securities

Thank you.

Operator

This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Jordan Kaplan for any closing remarks.

J
Jordan Kaplan
President & Chief Executive Officer

Thank you everybody for joining us, and we look forward to speaking with you again next quarter.

Operator

The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.