Berkshire Hills Bancorp Inc
NYSE:BHLB
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Berkshire Hills Bancorp Inc
Earnings Call Analysis
Q3-2024 Analysis
Berkshire Hills Bancorp Inc
Berkshire Hills Bancorp reported impressive third quarter results, with operating earnings reaching $24.8 million, equivalent to $0.58 per share. This marks a 5% increase from the previous quarter and a 16% rise compared to the previous year. Notably, the operating return on tangible common equity (ROTCE) improved to 9.91%, a significant 26 basis points increase quarter-over-quarter and 64 basis points year-over-year.
The bank demonstrated excellent asset quality, indicated by a total past due loans percentage of just 0.53%, the lowest in 15 years. Excluding the charge-off from the Upstart loan sales, net charge-offs were only 16 basis points of total loans. The reserve for losses remains robust at 122 basis points, about five times the level of nonperforming loans.
A strategic decision to sell 10 branches in New York has been completed, enhancing the efficiency and profitability of the bank's operations. This move has reduced the total branch count to 83 and generated a pretax gain of $16 million, slightly below initial expectations.
Loan balances increased by 1% from the previous quarter and 3% year-over-year, while deposit costs rose by 7 basis points. Average noninterest-bearing deposits constituted 24% of total deposits, consistent with previous quarters. However, average deposits dropped by 3% year-over-year. The bank expects funding costs to ease as the Federal Reserve cuts interest rates, which is anticipated to positively impact margins.
For the fourth quarter, Berkshire Hills Bancorp expects its net interest margin (NIM) to remain stable between 3.10% and 3.20%. Revenue is projected to be flat or slightly down from the previous quarter, with operating expenses anticipated to decline modestly. Charge-offs are expected to stabilize, exclusive of the Upstart loan sale impacts.
Berkshire is prioritizing organic growth, having seen a 20% increase year-over-year in its loan pipeline, reflecting a robust lending strategy. The management's focus remains on managing expenses tightly while enhancing client acquisition and retaining existing customers through a digitized banking experience.
The bank reported increased capital ratios, with the common equity tier 1 (CET1) ratio at 11.9% and tangible common equity (TCE) at 9.1%. The management is committed to using excess capital for organic growth, followed by dividends and stock buybacks, which have effectively reduced share count by 18% since late 2020.
Despite the overall positive outlook, potential risks remain, particularly in managing deposit costs as interest rates fluctuate. The bank faces challenges related to fraud, notably a $1.5 million incident that stemmed from an increase in commercial check fraud, prompting enhanced controls to mitigate future risks.
Berkshire Hills Bancorp's third quarter results reflect strong operational performance, solid asset quality, and a strategic focus on enhancing profitability and shareholder value. Investors should view the bank's initiatives to manage costs, improve deposit growth, and strengthen its loan portfolio favorably, although remaining aware of potential economic headwinds.
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Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the Berkshire Hills Bancorp Third Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] This call is being recorded on October 24, 2024.
I would now like to turn the conference over to Kevin Conn, Investor Relations Officer. Please go ahead.
Good morning, and thank you for joining Berkshire Bank's third quarter earnings call. My name is Kevin Conn, Investor Relations and Corporate Development Officer. Here with me today are Nitin Mhatre, Chief Executive Officer; Sean Gray, Chief Operating Officer; Brett Brbovic, Chief Financial Officer; and Greg Lindenmuth, Chief Risk Officer.
Our remarks will include forward-looking statements and refer to non-GAAP financial measures. Actual results could differ materially from those stated. Please see our legal disclosure on Page 2 of the earnings presentation referencing forward-looking statements and non-GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of non-GAAP to GAAP measures is included in our news release.
At this time, I'll turn the call over to Nitin. Nitin?
Thank you, Kevin. Good morning, everyone, and thank you all for joining us today. I'll begin my comments on Slide 3, where you can see the highlights for the third quarter. I'm pleased to report that we had a strong quarter with robust improvement in operating earnings quarter-over-quarter and year-over-year. Operating EPS of $0.58 was up 5% linked quarter and up 16% year-over-year. Operating net income of $24.8 million was up 7% linked quarter and up 15% year-over-year. Operating ROTCE was 9.91% up 26 basis points link quarter and up 64 basis points year-over-year. Asset quality and balance sheet metrics remain strong. Excluding the upstart loan sales charge-off, net charge-offs were 16 basis points of loans, and our reserve to loans was flat to second quarter at 122 basis points.
Of note, our total past due loans percentage at 53 basis points is at its lowest level in 15 years, and our reserve for losses at 122 basis points is about 5x the total nonperforming loans. We increased our capital ratios linked quarter with CET1 at 11.9% and TCE at 9.1%. Liquidity remains solid with our loan-to-deposit ratio at 96% and average noninterest-bearing deposits as a percentage of total deposits remained steady at 24%. We've updated the slides on overall CRE office and multifamily portfolios. The information on those slides highlight that our portfolio remains granular, geographically diverse and resultantly less risky. The performance on those looks remains strong.
Average loan balances were up 1% linked quarter and up 3% year-over-year. Average deposits were up 1% linked quarter and down 3% year-over-year. Our loans pipeline was stable versus third quarter and was up 20% year-over-year. Deposit costs were up 7 basis points in the quarter, reflecting a reduction in the rate of increase in deposit costs and beta. We expect funding costs to decline as the Fed continues to cut interest rates, and like many banks, we've already moved deposit rates lower late in the third quarter.
We continue to make steady progress on strategic initiatives. The sale of 10 branches in New York that was announced in March, was completed this quarter, bringing our total branches to 83. The pretax gain on this transaction was $16 million, slightly lower than the $19 million we expected in March, given that client selected deposit retention exceeded our expectations. This transaction tightens our footprint and enhances the efficiency and profitability of our network.
We are now at about the right size for our branch network. A week ago, we announced the sale of $46.5 million of our Upstart loan portfolio. The loans were priced at 96% of book value, resulting in $1.9 million charge-off related to the sale. The weighted average credit score for the remaining approximately $10 million Upstart loans is 682, and we believe that our reserves against that book are sufficient. We continue to make banking with Berkshire, when, where and how we want it easier than ever.
We continue to roll out of Berkshire One an expanded suite of digital deposit products for our customers. We will continue to invest in digitizing the customer experience while investing in our bankers to accelerate growth in deposits led client relationships. I want to thank all of my Berkshire Bank colleagues for their continued hard work and commitment to the bank. Their commitment to our strategy and dedication to our customers is what continues to bring us together and truly set us apart.
I'll now turn it over to Brett to talk through our financials in more detail. Brett?
Thank you, Nitin. Slide 4 shows an overview of the third quarter. As Nitin mentioned, operating earnings were $24.8 million or $0.58 per share, up $0.03 linked quarter. Net interest income of $88.1 million was down less than 1%. Operating interest income was $21.5 million, up 7% linked quarter. Total operating revenue was up 1% linked quarter, and operating expenses were $72.3 million, up 1% linked quarter and down 2% year-over-year.
Net charge-offs were $5.6 million or 24 basis points of average loans and included $1.9 million of charge-offs related to the Upstart loan sale. Provision expense was $5.5 million, and the reserve coverage ratio was flat linked quarter at 122 basis points.
Slide 5 shows our average loan balances. Average loans were up $76 million linked quarter or 1%. This was primarily driven by growth in the commercial lending. We've updated a page in the appendix, which shows data on the Upstart and Firestone runoff portfolio. Including the recent Upstart loan sales, the combined runoff portfolios are down by $66 million to $58 million or 60 basis points of total loans and are performing as expected.
Slide 6 shows the average deposit loan sales. Average deposits $64 million or 1% linked quarter. Year-over-year, deposits were down 3%, but excluding the branch sale deposits from prior year balances, our deposits were up 1% year-over-year. Non-interest bearing deposits as a percentage of total deposits remained at 24%, consistent with the prior 2 quarters. Deposit costs were 242 basis points, up 7 basis points linked quarter and our cumulative total deposit beta is 44%. While it's early in the cycle, we expect deposit betas in a down interest rate environment to be higher than the beta on the way up as we remain focused on managing deposit costs.
Turning to Slide 7, we show net interest income. Net interest income was down 1% linked quarter and down 3% year-over-year. Net interest margin was down 4 basis points linked quarter to 3.16% versus 3.20% in the second quarter and 3.15% in the first quarter. Our historical range for NIM, excluding the pandemic years, has been between 3.10% and 3.40%. We expect the fourth quarter NIM to be between 3.10% and 3.20%. While we have headwinds of floating rate loans repricing lower short term, we also have several tailwinds. We have $1.6 billion of CDs or 67% of that book maturing in the next 6 months. And we have about $400 million of FHLB funding that matures over the same time period. Further, we have $600 million of low yield received fixed swaps maturing over 2025 and '26 and we have low yield fixed rate securities and loans that will mature and reprice at higher yields.
Slide 8 shows operating noninterest income up $1.4 million or 7% linked quarter, and up $4 million or 23% year-over-year. The growth in fees was primarily related to higher swap volumes. This was the third quarter in a row where we've seen solid growth in our overall fees.
Slide 9 shows expenses. Operating expenses were up 1% linked quarter to $72.3 million and down 2% year-over-year. Occupancy and professional services expense declined linked quarter and were offset by slightly higher compensation and higher other expense. Other expenses include check fraud expenses, a line that impacts the entire industry which can be volatile. This quarter, that line item was $1.5 million higher than the average of the prior 8 quarters due to 1 isolated incident.
Slide 10 is a summary of asset quality metrics. Nonperforming loans were up 12% linked quarter and down 10% year-over-year. The increase in pre nonperforming loans linked quarter was driven by one isolated multiuse property in Upstate, New York. Net charge-offs of $5.6 million were up $4 million linked quarter and $193,000 year-over-year. Net charge-offs included $1.9 million related to the Upstart loan sales. Charge-offs excluding that sale, were $3.8 million or 16 basis points of loans. We've included a chart in the appendix with Berkshire's net charge-off rates versus the industry since 2000, reflects relatively better asset quality than the industry over time.
Slide 11 shows that our CRE book is well diversified in terms of geography and collateral type. The credit quality of the CRE portfolio remains solid with nonaccrual loans at 22 basis points of period-end loans.
Slide 12 shows details on our office portfolio. As noted last quarter, the weighted average loan-to-value ratios are about 60% and a large majority of the portfolio that was in suburban and Class A space, very limited exposure to Boston's financial district and 80% of our office properties we financed are under 150,000 square feet, suggesting our portfolio has much lower default probabilities.
Slide 13 shows details of our multifamily portfolio. The multifamily portfolio was $664 million or 7.2% of loans. The book is well diversified across our footprint with a weighted average loan to value of 65%. While current credit quality metrics are strong, we recognize that economic uncertainties exist, and we are monitoring both new originations and existing portfolios carefully. As Nitin mentioned, we have strong capital levels. Tangible book value per share was $24.53 an increased 6% linked quarter and 16% year-over-year. Our CET ratio was up 30 basis points to 11.9%, and our TCE ratio rose 94 basis points to 9.1% due to higher retained earnings and a lower bond markup on our AFS securities.
Our top capital management priority is to support organic loan growth. Year-to-date, we've repurchased $17.4 million of stock at an average cost of $21.94. All of our repo this year has been completed below tangible book value per share. We paused our stock repurchase in the third quarter to support expected loan -- expected balance sheet growth. We expect to continue to be opportunistic with stock repurchases. And I'd note that since fourth quarter of 2020, we've reduced our share count by 18%.
With that, I'll turn it back over to Nitin for further comments. Nitin?
Thank you, Brett. Quick comments on macroeconomic environment. The operating environment for banking industry is improving. As I noted last quarter, the yield curve has been in its longest period of inversion in recorded history but is starting to normalize as the Fed lowers short-term interest rates starting last month. The potential net interest income increase for the industry during periods of yield curve steepening is substantial.
As Brett mentioned, we're already starting to reduce our funding cost and expect a more normal operating environment in the quarters to come. A lower interest rate environment not just lowered the funding cost, but it will also help improve credit, raise property values and increased loan demand. I'm proud of what our team has accomplished and how far we've come. Notably, we're starting to gain traction on our new deposit generation initiatives. We still have work to do. Our focus near term is to accelerate our deposit growth engine, continue to tightly manage expenses and credit and further improve client acquisition and retention through enhanced client experience and our digital banking offerings.
In closing, it was a strong quarter, and we'll continue to focus on managing the headwinds and tailwinds towards further improving long-term profitability and shareholder value.
With that, I'll turn it over to the operator for questions. Operator?
[Operator Instructions] Your first question comes from Christopher O'Connell with KBW.
I was just hoping to check in was the guidance not included in the slide deck. Is the guidance still valid? I guess, from -- for the 2024 updated guidance provided last quarter?
Yes. So I think we're still expecting to see or we said in our call, we're expecting the NIM for the fourth quarter to be between 3.10% and 3.20%. We're expecting revenue to be flat to slightly down in Q4 with expenses modestly down. And then from a net charge-off standpoint, I think we're expecting it to be stable when you exclude the Upstart loan sale charge-offs from this quarter.
Okay. Great. That's helpful. And then just curious on the commentary around the cutting cycle and the deposit beta is expected to be higher on the way down than on the way up, which is, I think, somewhat different than many of your peers. Any just color about why you guys feel that way or kind of how you expect to achieve that?
Yes. I think, Chris, qualitatively speaking, we do have a number of tailwinds that we've identified where we could have the opportunity to manage that deposit beta and the margins better in the down cycle. We have a significant amount of CDs coming up for maturity. Almost 2/3 of our portfolio comes up for maturities in the next 2 quarters. We've got some swaps rolling off and so on and so forth. So we believe we have those tailwinds.
And then on the front line, the teams are working hard to manage deposit the pricing sharply, keeping a good ball of volume versus spreads. So I think there will be more opportunities in this cycle. And we're beginning to see market react to that as well. Some of it depends on how the competition reacts, and we're beginning to see -- there are always outliers, but we're beginning to see more and more of our peers bringing down the deposit rates starting late September.
Great. And you mentioned you've already moved a bit on those rates. Do you guys have a spot, either interest-bearing or total deposit costs post the sale and after the rate moves?
The spot for September was 3.10%, and I think our spot NIM with about 3.10% for September. And I think we believe, for the fourth quarter, we should be between 3.10% and 3.20%.
Do you have anything spot on the overall deposit costs?
Deposit costs. Just give us one second, Chris.
No problem.
That's 242 basis points, right, for the whole quarter.
Per spot for just September alone, it was 241.
Great. And just last one for me, and I'll step out. It seems like the swap piece picked up quite a bit this quarter. Are you guys seeing just in general with the change in the rate environment, increased demand for that type of product?
I think the demand because we see that in the pipeline. The pipeline seems to suggest that it will be relatively flat in the fourth quarter. Difficult to predict it beyond what's in the pipeline. But yes, I think the momentum seems to be holding -- going into the fourth quarter.
The next question comes from Laurie Hunsicker with Seaport Research.
Just wondered if we could go back to expenses. The comments you gave, Chris, expenses are going up in the quarter that makes sense. But maybe you can just help us think about what's reinvested? What's dropping to the bottom line, right? So we look at your expenses, they were $72 million this quarter, $1.6 million of fraud comes out and then the 10 branch closures, previously, you all had said that the $6.5 million expense savings, so $1.6 million in the quarter, which would then take us down to $69 million. Maybe just help us think about what's being reinvested or just in terms of dollars, how we should be thinking about the expense line in the fourth quarter?
Yes. Laurie, this is Brett. I would say from an expense standpoint, some of the expenses that we had related to those branches were already captured in the current quarter. So there will be some falling to the bottom line. You do remove the $1.34 million of the fraud losses that we saw. I think we're looking to be in the range of right around approximately $71 million of Q4 operating expenses, give or take.
Okay. Great. And then just going over here to office, and I appreciate all the details you guys provide. Can you just update on a couple of things with respect to your criticized book that $24 million specifically, it looks like $14 million in Class A and $10 million in Class B. Just what are the occupancies on those? And when do they mature? Are there any specific reserves? Any concerns you're seeing there? And then same on that Class B nonperformer, that's $3.5 million? What's the occupancy and when does that mature?
Sure. Greg, do you want to take that?
Sure thing. On -- for the Class A the single credit, basically it's 80% occupancy. It does mature in December 2024, and we're working closely with the client to refinance that credit and will likely be an improved structure. As far as the Class B, it's a couple handful of credits that range in occupancy from 25% to 50% occupancy. And one of those credits happens to be one of the NPLs as well, and those mature in '26 to 2028.
Got it. Okay. Got it. And then what's the reserve on your whole office book?
And just to answer your prior question, there are no specific reserves on those criticized assets, none of them warrant specific reserves. And I would approximate that about 1.5% based off the lower risk profile of our office book.
Got it. Got it. Okay. Great. That's helpful. And then just last question, Upstart. Obviously, you've got a great price here at $0.96 on the dollar. Can you just talk a little bit about how that came together? And then just remind us when specifically in the quarter that closed? And what was the FICO on those? And then I just want to confirm, too, as I'm looking at this. So your Upstart sale had $1.9 million in charge-offs. Then you had another $2 million in charge-offs related to your book and you set the FICO on that was 682. So I just want to understand that a little bit, too.
Sure. You got...
No. Go ahead, Greg.
Yes. So the sale criteria, the purchasers and investment policies were basically nothing past due and anything over 660. Now there's an intricacy, I think, with the past due piece even if it was one day late, that was not included in the sale. So actually, 40% of the book that we're retaining was 1 to 30 days past due, and that has a similar risk profile, including loans that are in their grace period, similar risk profile of our existing book. And that's why you see a credit -- a weighted average credits in the book of 682. Of the loans that we sold the weighted average FICO was slightly above our overall average at around 711. And that sale closed right in the middle of October on 10/16. As far as the losses, the $2 million in losses, that was our quarterly run rate for our -- basically our $67 million book at the end of 2Q. That was our losses for the whole quarter.
Your next question comes from Mark Fitzgibbon with Piper Sandler.
First question, just to follow up on a question, my esteemed colleague, Laurie just asked about. I'm curious, is it likely we'll see more Upstart or Firestone loan sales in coming quarters? Is the plan to sort of fire sale those out?
No. I think, Mark, we believe we've kind of run those portfolios off. Upstart is really down to that $10 million and it's sufficiently provided for at this point of time. And Firestone is in terms of performance, while it is liquidating in runoff mode, its performance is actually exceeding our expectations. And in fact, this quarter had a net recovery. So I think we've done, it's a very tiny piece of our portfolio, roughly about 50, 60 basis points of the entire loan portfolio. So it's really in the runoff mode, and we don't see any difference in direction anymore.
Okay. And then secondly, I wondered if I could dig in a little bit to the check fraud situation you mentioned. I know you all kind of downplayed it as a unique thing for the industry, but it's still $1.5 million. And I guess I wonder why couldn't that be $15 million or $150 million? I guess I'm curious if you could give us -- share any color on what happened and how you're going to prevent similar kinds of things from occurring?
It was really a commercial check kind of fraud, ia check washing. And I think across every phone that you attend, there is an increase in that activity. And this is one of those situations where you have all the controls, but the fraudsters somehow are able to slip one through. It will be protected to the extent that there will be some coming off it because of the insurance. But by and large, our trend on the fraud losses is consistent with what we've seen in the industry are marginally better. This is really one of those odd check washing things that just kind of escaped through our controls.
Okay. So is there like a diligence process you're going through to kind of figure out what happened and how to change that process so this thing doesn't occur again?
Yes. And the good news part is that we have been noticing the increase in fraud in the industry over the last 12 months or so, and there have been a significant number of changes that have been made, including updating some of the processes and platforms. And I think everything that we have now should certainly help prevent repeat of such incidences.
Okay. And then next, I was curious, Nitin, if you could share with us kind of your priorities for capital today. You've got a little bit of excess capital as you think about buybacks, dividends, growth, M&A, your thoughts on prioritizing?
Yes. I think the sequence remains similar, Mark. We want to -- the first dollar want to be allocated to the organic growth, right? And we're beginning to see momentum. As I mentioned in my remarks, our loans growth was of roughly 1% in the quarter, but our loan pipeline was up about 20% year-over-year. So we have a pipeline there. We're just being judicious, being careful, selective and in fact, leading with clients that have deposit relationships as well across the board. So yes, first of all, it goes to organic growth and then followed by dividends, buybacks. And if there are opportunities outside of that, we'll explore those as well. But that's the sequence.
Do you feel like Berkshire Hills is ready to consider an acquisition at this point? Have you kind of got your house in a place where you feel like if an opportunity came along, you'd be positioned to capitalize on that?
We have, I think, it does feel like through everything that we've done through our transformation. We are in the best possible situation to earn the right to be able to grow our currency and look for opportunities outside. But right now, pretty much the team is focused on how do we improve -- continue to improve our performance, improve our currency, and if something comes along, we take a look at that.
Okay. And then last question I had is, when can we expect sort of an update on your BEST goals?
I think we're going to give annual guidance in January. And at that point of time, we could even look at some midterm guidance as part of that guidance.
There are no further questions at this time. I will now turn the call over to Nitin Mhatre. Please go ahead.
Thank you, Joel, and thank you all for joining us today on our call and for your continued interest in Berkshire. Have a great day and be well. Joel, you can close the call now.
Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes the conference call today. We thank you for participating and ask that you please disconnect your lines.