Asbury Automotive Group Inc
NYSE:ABG
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Asbury Automotive Group Inc
Earnings Call Analysis
Q4-2023 Analysis
Asbury Automotive Group Inc
Asbury Automotive Group showcased its financial strength with $14.8 billion in revenue for the year 2023, underpinned by a robust gross profit margin of 18.6%. The company's ability to effectively control selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses was evidenced by a rate of 58.5% as a percentage of the gross profit. These efforts led to a significant adjusted operating margin of 7.3%. Impressively, the adjusted Earnings Per Share (EPS) stood at $32.60, with an adjusted EBITDA exceeding the $1.1 billion mark.
A disciplined approach to capital allocation contributed to strengthening the balance sheet and fostering disciplined operations. This strategic groundwork served to inform decisions in reaching a lofty goal of $30 billion or more in revenue. This vision maintains the flexibility to adapt to macroeconomic changes, ensuring that the target timeline is seen as fluid but the end goal remains constant.
The new vehicle segment experienced growth, with same-store revenue increasing by 10% for the quarter and 7% for the year. Notably, the average gross profit per new vehicle sold reached $4,272 during the quarter. Despite this positive performance, the new day supply of vehicles—essentially the inventory on hand—rose by 7 days from the previous quarter, ending at 43 days in December.
On a less positive note, the used vehicle market saw a 12% decline in retail revenue for both the quarter and the full year. Correspondingly, unit volume decreased by 10% for the same periods. The profitability per used vehicle also diminished, with the average gross profit per vehicle tapering to $1,666.
The company's Finance and Insurance (F&I) segment's per-vehicle revenue (PVR) witnessed a decrease to $2,295 for the quarter, compared to $2,621 the year prior, likely influenced by escalating interest rates affecting consumer payments. An additional factor was the deferred revenue effect of the Total Care Auto (TCA), which strained the PVR by $142.
The Parts and Service division maintained stable revenue at $499 million, consistent with the prior year's quarter, achieving a gross profit of $278 million and an impressive margin of 55.6%. Overall, this division's total gross profit edged up by 4% for the quarter.
The company's online retail platform, Clicklane, exhibited strong growth, with a 32% year-over-year increase in total retail units. The platform has become increasingly integrated into the dealership model, paving the way for further growth and innovation within the company's retail strategy.
For the fourth quarter, Asbury reported an adjusted net income of $146 million with an adjusted EPS of $7.12. Notable adjustments included noncash asset impairments, fixed asset write-offs, and acquisition-related fees, which, in sum, increased the quarter's diluted EPS by $4.42. Excluding these items and considering normalized tax effects, the company presented a stable financial outcome and anticipates a full-year tax rate of 24.8% for 2024.
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Greetings, and welcome to Asbury Automotive Group Fourth Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to your host, Mr. Chris Reeves, Vice President of Finance and Treasurer. Thank you. You may begin.
Thanks, operator, and good morning. As noted, today's call is being recorded and will be available for replay later this afternoon. Welcome to Asbury Automotive Group's Fourth Quarter 2023 Earnings Call. The press release detailing Asbury's fourth quarter results, issued earlier this morning and is posted on our website at investors.asburyauto.com. Participating with me today are David Hult, our President and Chief Executive Officer; Dan Clara, our Senior Vice President of Operations; and Michael Welch, our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.
At the conclusion of our remarks, we will open up the call for questions and will be available later for any follow-up questions. Before we begin, we must remind you that the discussion during the call today is likely to contain forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are statements other than those which are historical in nature, which may include financial projections, forecasts and current expectations, each of which are subject to significant uncertainties. For information regarding certain of the risks that may cause actual results to differ materially from these statements, please see our filings with the SEC from time to time, including our Form 10-K for the year ended December 2022.
As any subsequently filed report quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and our earnings release issued earlier today. We expressly disclaim any responsibility to update forward-looking statements. In addition, certain non-GAAP financial measures as defined under SEC rules may be discussed on this call. As required by applicable SEC rules, we provide reconciliations of any such non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures on our website.
We have also posted an updated investor presentation on our website, investors.asburyauto.com, highlighting our fourth quarter -- highlighting our fourth quarter results.
It is my pleasure to now hand the call over to our CEO, David Hult. David?
Thank you, Chris, and good morning, everyone. Welcome to our fourth quarter and year-end earnings call. 2023 was a productive year. with meaningful growth from M&A and growth within our stores. A reflection of our hard work that was recognized with several accolades. This year, we were ranked 18th on Forbes list of America's Best Midsized companies. We were recently named as one of America's Greatest Workplaces 2023 by Newsweek, receiving a 5- to 5-star rating based on company reviews. Koons was also awarded by Newsweek, 1 of the few auto retailers alongside us named for this distinction. And we were honored to be named 2024 Best Companies to Work For in the retailers' industry by U.S. News and World Report. These are great affirmations on our journey to be the most guest-centric automotive retailer. It must start internally before you can see it externally.
Now for our consolidated results for the full year of 2023. We delivered $14.8 billion in revenue, had a gross profit margin of 18.6%. Our adjusted SG&A as a percentage of gross profit was 58.5%. We generated an adjusted operating margin of 7.3%. Our adjusted earnings per share was $32.60 and our adjusted EBITDA was over $1.1 billion. In addition to the Koons acquisition, we repurchased 1.3 million shares for $258 million, and we produced an adjusted operating cash flow of $705 million.
Looking to the future, we are committed to deploying capital to its best and highest use to strengthening our balance sheet and to running strong disciplined operations. The world has evolved significantly since we initially laid out our vision for growth in December of 2020, and we are very pleased with what we have achieved so far, including $11 billion of acquired revenue and the strategic entry into markets we have circled for many years. We have strong convictions for this vision of smart growth. This vision acts a strategic framework for how we think about our business, serving to inform our decision-making along the path, $30 billion or greater in revenue. This framework allows us to continuously adapt to macro factors that may impact the time line for our journey, but not how we think about achieving it. To us, we believe it is more realistic to consider it a matter of when rather than if.
As we prioritize discipline and balanced capital allocation, being good operators of our business by accelerating same-store growth and seeking opportunities through M&A activity. We plan to deploy capital when the opportunity arises, such as with Koons. We were fortunate to make a great acquisition in a great market with an outstanding group of team members and leaders. Going forward, we will continue to seek acquisitions of this caliber. We plan to optimize our portfolio for markets with strong demographics and friendly state franchise laws and assets with quality operators and performance. There are additional details about our updated vision and framework in our investor presentation.
Before I hand the call over to Dan, I'd like to once again express my appreciation for all our team members for their continued focus on the guest experience and their hard work. Thank you all very much. Now Dan will discuss our operations performance. Dan?
Thank you, David, and good morning, everyone. I'll start off by once again thanking our team members who are focused on delivering the most guest-centric automotive retailer experience and ensuring our success.
Now moving to same-store performance, which includes dealerships and TCA unless stated otherwise. Starting with new vehicles. Our same-store new day supply was 43 days at the end of December, an increase of 7 days from September. As a reminder, December is a good sales month for us and it has a positive impact on day supply. We continue to see wide variation among models and disparity in combustible hybrid and electric vehicles, day supply, even within the same brands. We don't know what 2024 will bring, but we will continue to manage day supply as best we can.
Our new vehicle business generated solid performance. For the quarter, same-store revenue grew 10% in the quarter and 7% for the year. New units volume grew 7% in the fourth quarter and 3% overall. New average gross profit per vehicle was $4,272 in the quarter. New vehicle gross margin was 8.3% this quarter and 9.2% for the year.
Turning to used vehicles. Used retail revenue decreased 12% for the quarter and full year as unit volume was down 10% in both the quarter and full year. Used retail gross profit per vehicle was $1,666 for the quarter, driven by a constrained environment to cost-effectively source quality vehicles. Our same-store used DSO was 32 days supply. We're looking at 2024 as a tough year to acquire preowned vehicles with a small pool of lease and rental fleets to from.
Shifting to F&I. We delivered an F&I PVR of $2,295 in the quarter, compared to $2,621 last year, a reflection of higher interest rates pressure in consumer payments. The deferred revenue headwind of TCA contributed of $142 to the PVR decrease in the same-store F&I PVR number year-over-year. And this headwind will grow throughout 2024. For the full year, same-store F&I PVR was $2,308. In the fourth quarter, our total funding yield per vehicle was $5,438.
Moving to Parts and Service. Our Parts and Service business revenue was $499 million comparable to prior year quarter. Gross profit was $278 million, in line with prior year quarter, and we earned a gross profit margin of 55.6%. Non-converted stores, total Parts and Service gross profit was up 4% for the quarter. Stores that went through the conversion brought the company down to flat in the quarter. We believe in first quarter, we will see an uptick in our business. For the year, we generated 5% growth in same-store revenue and gross profit, with a full year gross profit margin of 55.3%.
Finally, Clicklane is progressing well, posting a 32% growth in total retail units year-over-year versus prior year quarter. We are pleased by the shift we have seen in new vehicle penetration, which grew to 51% of total Clicklane units in the fourth quarter versus 42% in the prior year. We remain committed and focused on the growth of Clicklane and are excited about the path forward. As time has gone on, it has become a more integrated part of our dealership model, which is to serve our guests in the many ways they choose to shop. And so it makes sense to speak about it within the larger scope of our performance going forward.
I will now hand the call over to Michael to discuss our financial performance. Michael?
Thank you, Dan. To our investors, analysts, team members and other participants on our call, good morning. I would like to provide some financial highlights for our company. For additional details on our financial performance for the quarter, please see our financial supplement in our press release today and our investor presentation on our website. Overall, adjusted net income for the quarter was $146 million and adjusted EPS was $7.12 for the quarter. Adjusted net income for the fourth quarter of 2023 excludes net of tax $88.1 million of noncash asset impairments, $900,000 of noncash fixed asset write-offs and $1.8 million of professional fees related to the acquisition of the Koons automotive companies. These items increased 2023 fourth quarter diluted EPS by $4.42. Adjusted net income for the fourth quarter 2022 excludes net of tax expenses related to a significant acquisition that did not materialize at $2 million and gains on dealership divestitures net primarily related to the North Carolina stores of $153 million. The tax rate for the quarter was 26.6%, which included a onetime deferred tax impact related to an increase in our estimated future state effective tax rate due to the acquisition of Koons. We had to revalue our net deferred tax liability for this increase in the state tax rate. The impact was $1.4 million or $0.07 per share. On an adjusted basis, our fourth quarter tax rate was 25.5%, and we estimate our tax rate for the full year 2024 of 24.8%. .
For the full year, TCA generated $91 million of pretax income. For 2024, we anticipate TCA pretax income to be between $20 million and $40 million, or decrease between $1.90 and $2.60 per share. Due to the increased deferred revenue impact of recently implemented stores and states with OLED policies rolling off. We completed the rollout to all of our markets in 2023, except for Florida and Koons. We expect to complete the remaining stores by mid-2024. We believe 2024 and 2025 will be the most impacted with TCA headwinds until the effect of revenue deferral are behind us.
For the full year, we generated $705 million of adjusted operating cash flow, which enabled us to repurchase shares and make a sizable acquisition. Excluding real estate purchases, we spent $142 million on capital expenditures in 2023. Free cash flow for the year was $563 million. We expect CapEx through 2026 to be elevated relative to prior years, partially driven by higher store count for our M&A activity over the past few years, which is driving a higher near-term need for CapEx and facility relocations. We plan for approximately $250 million in CapEx per year. We ended the quarter with $460 million of liquidity comprised of cash, excluding cash at total floor plan offset accounts and availability on our revolving credit facility. As a reminder, we utilized existing balance sheet liquidity, including our floor plan offset accounts to acquire Koons in the fourth quarter. For the quarter, we had $8 million of floor plan expense interest expense, mostly incurred after the closing of the deal in mid-December. We will have an elevated amount of floor plan interest expense in 2024 since we will have a lower balance in our floor plan offset accounts.
Our pro forma adjusted net leverage was 2.5x at the end of December, and we anticipate bringing leverage back to approximately 2x by the end of 2024. That said, we will remain opportunistic with capital allocation, including share buybacks and acquisitions. Finally, I would like to extend my thanks to our valued team members and leaders for a strong year through the growth process and look forward to what 2024 and beyond brings. Thank you.
This concludes our prepared remarks. We will now turn the call over to the operator and take your questions. Rob?
[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Daniel Imbro with Stephens.
David, one sort of maybe a longer-term one. You mentioned as you thought about long-term targets, the world has obviously changed. I think the slides talked about M&A multiples, but there is a little bit less disclosure around Clicklane. I guess can you just talk about the progress you're seeing on Clicklane. If you still feel like longer term, the contribution you previously talked about is achievable? And if there are challenges, maybe where you're seeing them with that product?
Sure, Daniel. I'll do the best I can, and then Dan can jump in if he wants. We love the software. We love the tool. We love the option it gives our guests to acquire a vehicle in a very transparent and fast manner. The ebbs and flows as it grows and adoption from the consumers is going to vary by brand, and in some cases, by states with us that we've seen so far. We were, I think, going through COVID very optimistic that it was going to be a good higher percentage of our sales than what it currently is today, but we still think it's a very valued tool, and it will continue to be a part of our business and grow over time as consumers get more comfortable with purchasing a vehicle online. As we all know through the COVID times, everything was really selling at a 1 price or MSRP. Now that the prices are softening and normalizing a little bit that creates more of a negotiation standpoint, which would certainly challenge Clicklane going forward. We have built algorithms on both new and used for pricing within the markets to make sure that we have the vehicles priced appropriately so there isn't a defection over price. But that is something we're entering new territory with this with Clicklane. So we'll have to monitor it as we go.
Daniel, this is Dan. I'll just add that we -- as I stated in my script, that we are very committed to continue to grow Clicklane, happy with what we're seeing. I think one item to point out is ever since we rolled out Clicklane, we've always talked about the quantity of credit that we get there that is higher than at our stores. And that was not the exception. That trend continued last quarter where we saw the highest credit score of all year. And actually, since the exception of Clicklane, that credit score being at 740. So we continue to see with inventory of new cars coming back around. We're starting to see that shift of a higher percentage to new cars. And consumers continue to really enjoy the transaction time compared to the traditional transaction time of acquiring a vehicle. So excited for the future. And I agree with everything that David has stated.
And one last thing to add. When we launched it, it was solely an online tool and consumers went through it online. Now that we've built showroom models, the customer is starting their journey sometimes online at home, sometimes in the showroom, sometimes putting their personal information, social doing the financing coming in and finishing the deal. It's really just engagement in the software that's increasing. But from our standpoint, we don't count the sale if they didn't give us all their personal information, social security. So if they just were in there looking at the tool and getting pricing that didn't count for us. They had to give us their personal information, put their social in there.
No, all makes sense. And Dan, maybe as a follow-up, I think in your prepared remarks, you mentioned you expected to see a pickup in Parts and Service in the first quarter, if we heard that right. Just given the ongoing challenges with the integration, can you discuss what gives you that visibility? And while the comps were negative on the integrated stores, do they improve through the quarter? Have you seen those green shoots yet? Just any color there would be great.
Yes, happy to do so, Daniel. Yes, I did state that on my script. And to answer your question -- further question, yes, we're starting to see progress in the stores. When you think about it and the Liege Miller stores that we bought on the West Coast, a tremendous amount of stores with tremendous amount of people and tremendous amount of talent, but the stores were not up to the technology of doing business the way that we should be doing business today. And so to further enhance the guest experience, that's a major part of the integration. It takes time to coach, train and develop people to use the new technology and get used to it and then being able to present it properly to the guest. That's what we have been working diligently with, and we're starting to see progress. And that's why I stated that expect to see -- to have a better first quarter, as I stated on the script.
And Daniel, just to follow up on that, January is over now. We saw a nice increase in January year-over-year across the company. So that gives us some hope that we're headed in the right direction. It's that time of year or 2, and we've got a lot of stores in Denver and Salt Lake, weather is a challenge as well. So I don't know what weather is going to be in store for us the rest of the quarter and we certainly had some in January, but we've seen some nice progress in January. We frustrated a lot of our team members in the fourth quarter when you convert software and go through all that and never go smoothly. So you're frustrating your guests, you're frustrating your employees, and it's just a painful process to go through. But we're pretty much on the other side of that at this point.
Discussion around just the shifting was that, and just to clarify on your comments on the January improvement?
I'm sorry, Dan, you cut out. All I heard was January improvement.
Sorry. Yes, was there any calendar benefit in there? There's been some discussion around just the holiday timing this year through 4Q. Was that any part of the improvement you just talked about in January, do you think?
No, I wouldn't say that because we were -- we had some negative impact in January and some in lost days with the weather. So I kind of feel like that's not an issue.
Our next question comes from John Murphy with Bank of America.
I got on about 5 minutes after the call started, so I hope I'm not covering stuff here that you covered. But I mean if we think about the used business, you had gotten close to 1:1 or actually a little bit above that, but more recently, you've been sort of in the just below 0.9:1. I'm just curious if that's a function of market dynamics, acquisitions or it is just the kind of thing that we could look at recovering 324, David?
John, I'll start. And this is David and Dan can jump in. I would say we've had a conservative approach on acquiring inventory and may be too conservative. We've been right or wrong, more focused on gross profit than we have volume. We need to take a more aggressive stand at acquiring vehicles. Naturally, when we acquire or purchase a vehicle, our gross profit is lower than when we take it in trade. And as a reminder, when your trades are coming in and the average age of the trade is 12.5 years, sometimes a lot of the trade-ins that you have just aren't for retail sale. I expect in '24, it's still to be challenging because there's not a lot of fleet vehicles coming off. There's not a lot of off-lease vehicles. So it'll still be a tight pool to pick from. But I think it's time that we take a more aggressive stance on creating more volume.
John, I would -- I agree with David. The -- we're taking a more aggressive stance. We understand the benefit of the additional volume. You pick up the reconditioning parts and service, you put another unit in operation in the market, and then you pick up F&I as well. So we're committed to a more aggressive stance as we go into '24.
And then just a second question on SG&A. It's a little bit mean and not necessarily fair because you are at 61% and change. You're doing very well in absolute terms and relative to some of your peers, but that was a little bit of a slippage relative to where you have been. Just curious, David, what you think the drivers of that small slippage, once again, absolutely, it's good performance. But that slippage relative to where you have been. And was there maybe some distraction as the Koons deal was going on that maybe let things slip a little bit, and we could see some improvement in 2024. I mean what's going on there?
Sure, John. This is David. No, Koons acquisition had nothing to do with it. We're optimistic about the number because some of it was self-inflicted, trying different things on our end. We took a more aggressive stance on loaner vehicles and depreciation. And quite honestly, we spent a lot more in advertising in the quarter than what we normally spend per car. So those are 2 controllable expenses that we have. So when we think about the personnel costs and other expenses that we have, we were comfortable where we came in and consistent with our past, but those 2 line items that I mentioned really had an impact on overall SG&A. Michael, I don't know if you want to comment.
Yes. I mean I think we're comfortable kind of 59% to 60% range is still a comfort level that we have for next year. The other thing is it fixed ops comes back, that just provides more gross profit to cover some of those fixed expenses. And so the decline in fixed ops also impacted the SG&A number.
Our next question is from Ryan Sigdahl with Craig-Hallum Capital Group.
Just want to go over to new vehicle GPU, I guess any notable changes by OEMs thus far in 2024? And then kind of second to that, I guess, what's your expectation overall for the pace of GPU normalization?
Sure, Ryan. As you can imagine, the days supply for us looked low in the quarter. But as Dan stated, it was really the pickup in sales in December that brought down the day supply. We still had Honda and Toyota in the mid-teens for a day supply. So naturally, you can imagine the margin held up there. We had a higher days supply in Nissan, so that certainly impacted the margin. We have a hard day supplying to Lantus. That impacted the margin in with Infinity. But with some other brands like Alexis, Mercedez and our others meeting Porsche, Land Rover, margins we felt really held up well. And as you can obviously see significantly above 2019. So we really think we're in a pretty good space for our new car business, both on gross profit and volume. But the story varies by brand, certainly.
And just on your comment on expectations for '24. This glide path we've seen a kind of 300 a quarter. We expect that to kind of continue through '24 as inventory continues to build.
Good. Then just switching over to technology, Tekion's DMS platform. Can you talk about, I guess, what you're looking to gain there versus CDK previously?
Absolutely. This is David. Keep in mind, Tekion is a fairly new company, and we're excited. We've been talking with them for over 2 years. Working together to overcome obstacles and what both of us would need to do on our end to create the relationship. Tekion is a cloud-based DMS. The other DMS companies are not. The technology with the other legacy DMSs, unfortunately, require a tremendous amount of bolt-on software applications. So if you're in our sales or service teams, you have multiple different applications open at the same time, which doesn't make you efficient -- doesn't make you efficient in communicating internally or with the guest. With Tekion, again, in the building process, and we'll launch 4 stores on the pod in the third quarter. But with Tekion, we'll have the opportunity to take off about 70% to 75% of the bolt-ons that we have, which will keep folks in one software base and make it easier for them to communicate internally and also in working with our guests. And the other thing that we find beneficial to us, right now, if you're a customer one of our stores in Atlanta, when you go to another store in Atlanta, they can't see what you did at the prior store. What we're working on is a one customer profile with Tekion, which will allow any of our stores to see that customer transactions any stores that they did business with us. So there's going to be efficiencies in marketing, there's going to be efficiencies in productivity with employees, and there's going to be a better guest experience. Our belief is because our folks will be really living out of one software base and more comfortable interacting with them.
Our next question is from Rajan Gupta with JPMorgan.
Great. I just had a couple of follow-ups to know some of the previous questions. The 59% to 60% SG&A comment for 2024, could you quantify like what kind of new and used GPU assumption are those based on and maybe even like new or used unit growth assumptions that underlying that expectation? And I have just a quick follow-up.
Yes. As we stated on the new margin, this -- we've kind of seen $300 decrease a quarter. We expect that to continue in '24. So just that steady step down each quarter of $300. That is our expectation for next year. Used vehicles somewhere in line with what we've been doing. Again, we're going to try to push the volume a little bit higher. And so that will keep that margin on the low -- not the low side, we're just in the same range that we've been. For SAAR, the piece there that we've kind of looked at is the SAAR range is kind of 15% to 16% is what we've seen out there for SAAR. So something in the high 15s is what we're expecting from a new vehicle volume perspective. So those are the main drivers of those is $300 unit on new, coming down each quarter, used vehicle kind of staying in flat with gross profit and then new vehicle growing with those SAAR assumption in the high 15s. .
Got it. Got it. That's helpful. And just following on the Tekion question. Obviously, you've had this this transition. I think the stores and are not going to take on Tekion roll out across the board. When it's all said and done, I mean, will you to quantify what kind of savings or efficiencies this might bring, like any just like numbers around that? And will there be any redundant expenses to factor in while this is -- while this rollout is happening?
Rajat, this is David. At this time, we're not comfortable quoting a number, but I would tell you because of the lack of bolt-ons that we'll have in working out of 1 DMS or 1 software application for the most part, we anticipate a nice tailwind to our SG&A expense. As we -- third quarter, we'll launch 4 stores in our shared service center on the East Coast. Our anticipation is allowing that to run through the end of the year, work out the kinks. And if all goes well, the beginning of '25, we will start to roll out the rest of the company. And because of the Koons acquisition most recently just coming on, they would be the last ones to convert, and we would see them converting sometime in early '26. So good progress if we get it through with Tekion, which we believe we are, we're working really well with them and getting a lot done. We anticipate January rolling out all our stores, finishing up with Koons in the early part of '26.
And so from an expense savings perspective, that would be not much in '24. So it's more of a '25, '26 play for the expense savings. There will be some cost for kind of implementation of those things this year. A piece of that will be capitalizable. So there'll be a couple of million dollars of expense for just the rollout this year building out the system.
[Operator Instructions] Our next question comes from Glenn Chin with Seaport Research Partners.
So just revisiting some earlier comments. So first, on the Larry H. Miller stores. It sounds like TCA has been incorporated, but would you consider the Larry H. Miller group those stores fully integrated now?
So on TCA, they were already fully integrated with LHTM as part of the So TCA, the integration was more TCA coming into the legacy Asbury stores as we rolled that out across the stores. And so always been It's the legacy Asbury stores that have been rolling in. We have Florida left to do this year. And then acquiring Koons, will roll Koons on midyear this year as well. So those are the last 2 to kind of come on.
That's great. I misspoke, I apologize for that. But otherwise, are they fully integrated into Asbury now?
Yes. Glenn, this is Dan. Yes, the LHM stores are fully integrated to Asbury.
There is -- the DMS conversion took place mainly in the third quarter into the fourth. And then we rolled out Parts and Service software kind of a bolt-on to our DMS. There are just a handful of stores left that we are rolling out right now, but it's a very small amount.
Okay. Very good. And then just going back to parts and service, was there any discernible impact from the UAW strike?
We -- I would say it was not material. We had an impact. There was -- it was challenging to keep up with the guest experience when we had the lack of availability of parts. But I would say no.
But like our peers, we certainly had some impact with parts. But quite honestly, we had some impact with parts on OEMs that don't have union issues. So it was just an odd end of the year from a parts standpoint, ebbing and flowing with when we're receiving parts.
Okay. Very good. And then just lastly, on your leverage target. It sounds like you're targeting below 2x by end of the year. But I mean, is that a revision to your longer-term target, which I think historically is in what, 2.5 to 3x?
No. I mean the 2.5 to 3x is kind of when we get back to a normalized SAAR and normalized new vehicle margins. So that's still not a revision from that. We want to work our way back down to 2x to be ready to do sizable acquisitions and share buybacks, but also this year, as I quoted in the script, if we see something from a share repurchase perspective or an acquisition, we wouldn't be afraid to spend money on that. So if we don't see those things, we'll work our way back down to 2x, but if something comes up that makes sense from a capital allocation perspective, we're not afraid to spend the money on those items this year.
Our next question is from Bret Jordan with Jefferies.
One, could you talk a bit about what you're seeing on the battery electric vehicle side from an inventory and maybe GPU? And the follow-up question I'm going to ask is really on GPU by brand. You've talked about Spolantus and Nissan being kind of back to relatively high inventory levels. Are those GPUs looking like pre-pandemic levels? Or is the new base above the historic profitability?
I'll talk about the gross profit per vehicle, and Dan could hit the electric car stuff. It's a great question, Bret. The brands that you mentioned, Nissan, Salantis and Infinity they had the biggest impact as far as going backwards in PVR. But all 3 of them are significantly above, say, 2019, still very -- again, if you're comparing it to '19, extremely healthy, good gross profits, and they were good numbers overall, just compared to some of their peers in their spaces, meaning domestic, luxury and import, they weren't as good.
Dan, I'll try to give you -- to answer all the questions you asked about EV, it's a great question. So hopefully, I'll give you the color that you want. If I miss something, please let me know. When you look at electric vehicle DSI, as a percentage of our total inventory, it's about in the 5% range. And so just keep that in mind as I'm discussing the other numbers. Our electric vehicle day supply for Q4 was 91 days and about 54 days supply in the used car arena. We did see an increase from Q3 to Q4, specifically in the new car arena, we saw an increase of about 33%. So obviously, there's no news out here, but the EV sales starting to slow down and inventory starting to build. So we're managing that as best we can. Did I miss anything else you want to color on? .
Yes, if you could just sort of talk about, I guess, how you see the trajectory of GPUs on the battery side?
Yes. So the early adopters of EVs, I think that's what we have been facing or serving at the dealership level. And now that, that phase is behind us, there's a lot more, what's the right word, a lot more aggressiveness from a pricing standpoint. So expect the GPUs to be lower than our ICUs and the ICE and when we're working deals or work in leases, which most of these vehicles are being leased and that puts a little bit of pressure on the OEM or the lender institution from a residual factor, we're having to get pretty aggressive in discount cars much more than we do traditional combustion engines.
Our next question is from David Whiston with Morningstar.
Can you talk a bit about what the franchise and goodwill impairments for the special item?
Yes. So that's mostly related to our Stellantis and Nissan stores. With interest rates going up, that kind of increases the WACC in our calculation we have to do for our annual impairment testing. But that's primarily related to our Stellantis and Nissan stores in our company.
Okay. Looking at your debt profile, 2 questions on that. First, you've got a lot of bonds due 2028 to 2030. So if you're not already at a point like this, you might be soon at the point where you can't just keep piling debt into those 3-year time frames to do more deals in the future. So are your hands tied in big M&A? Or do you just want to issue bonds that mature after 2032?
Yes. I mean, we think with our cash flow that we generate on an annual basis, that provides sufficient capital to go out and do M&A and share buybacks. So we're looking more at those bonds in those years as a refinancing opportunity not to continue to add more debt onto those bonds. So we use our free cash flow to kind kind of do our activity. We do have some mortgages when we bought the Koons acquisitions. We did not mortgage that real estate. And so we do have the option to put all mortgages for that property. We typically mortgage the properties when we bought in this case, we did not mortgage it just to kind of keep the debt level at a lower level.
And then sticking on debt, the 2026 maturities, the mortgage debt over $600 million, you look to just refi that all at some point with a bond? Or do you want to just retire that debt eventually in 2 years?
No. We'll most likely just flip that, continue with the mortgage. We have a good facility with our bank group. And so we'll just refinance that with our bank group on the mortgage side.
Okay. This concludes our call today. We appreciate you joining us for the fourth quarter earnings in year-end. We look forward to speaking with you after the first quarter. Have a great day.
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