Infosys Ltd

NSE:INFY

Earnings Call Transcript 2021-Q3

[Operator]

Ladies and gentlemen, good day, and welcome to the Infosys Earnings conference call. [Operator Instructions] Please note that this conference is being recorded.I now hand the conference over to Mr. Sandeep Mahindroo. Thank you, and over to you, sir.

[Sandeep Mahindroo]

Hello, everyone, I wish you all a very happy New Year. Welcome to this earnings call of Infosys to discuss Q3 FY '21 earnings release. This is Sandeep from the Investor Relations team in Bangalore. Joining us today on this call is CEO and MD, Mr. Salil Parekh; COO, Mr. Pravin Rao; CFO, Mr. Nilanjan Roy; along with other members of the senior management team. We'll start the call with some remarks on the performance of the company by Salil, Pravin and Nilanjan before we open up the call for questions. Please note that anything that we say, which refers to our outlook for the future, is a forward-looking statement, which must be read in conjunction with the risk that the company faces. A full statement and explanation of these risks is available in our filings with the SEC, which can be found on www.sec.gov.I'd now like to pass it on to Salil.

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Thanks, Sandeep. Good evening, and good morning to all of you. I trust each of you have had a great start to the new year and continue to be safe and healthy. I am delighted to share that we have had an exceptionally strong quarter across multiple dimensions. This was made possible by the enormous trust of our clients and the extreme focus we have built for digital and the enormous client relevance that has created and helped support digital and cloud transformation journeys for our clients.Let me share with you some of the highlights. We achieved the highest large deal wins in our history with a deal value of $7.1 billion. This includes the largest deal we signed in our history and what we believe is the largest in the IT services industry in India. This will continue to expand our strong presence in the Continental European markets.Our overall deal value for the 9 months of this financial year is over $12 billion, and the net new large deal value for the 9 months of this financial year is over $8 billion, positioning us very strongly for the quarters ahead.Revenues in constant currency grew by 6.6% year-on-year and 5.3% sequentially on the back of a very strong momentum we saw in H1 and large deal wins secured earlier, further establishing our market share gains.Digital revenue grew at 31.3% year-on-year in constant currency, and we have now crossed an important milestone, in that digital is now over 50% of our revenues. We delivered operating margin of 25.4%, which is an expansion of 350 basis points year-on-year and flat sequentially.Operating cash flow was robust at $829 million for the quarter. Our balance sheet remains solid with cash and investments at $4.5 billion, which is stable sequentially after the payout of interim dividend.Recognizing continuing stellar performance of the company and contribution from our employees during these times, we are paying out variable pay for the quarter at 100%. As announced earlier, we are initiating salary increases for employees, which will be effective January 1, 2021. And we are expanding our promotion cycle across all levels in this quarter.In Q3, we reached a significant milestone in our environmental, social and governance journey by becoming carbon-neutral. This is 30 years ahead of the 2050 global target set by multinational agencies. We further reiterated our commitment to the causes of ESG by announcing our ESG 2030 vision and ambitions.Looking ahead, we continue to see momentum in our business, strong market share gain and increased speed digital transformation at our clients. Keeping that in mind, we increased our revenue growth guidance for the full year from 2% to 3% to the new guidance at 4.5% to 5% growth in constant currency. We increased our operating margin guidance for the full year from 23% to 24% previously to 24% to 24.5% for the full year.That concludes my update. Thank you for your time. And now let me request Pravin to give you an update on our operations. Over to you, Pravin.

[U. B. Pravin Rao, COO & Whole]

Thank you, Salil. Hello, everyone. Wish you a very happy, healthy and safe New Year. While there is increasing optimism due to the commencement of COVID-19 vaccination, we have also seen a renewed surge of infection in various parts of the world. Consequently, majority of our delivery centers are operating in BCP mode with 97% of our employees globally continuing to work from home.Growth acceleration continued with sequential revenue growth of 5.3% in constant currency, accelerating further from the momentum seen in the first half of the year. The year-on-year growth rate increased to 6.6% in constant currency for quarter 3.Three business segments; Financial Services, High-Tech and Life Sciences reported double-digit growth. We have seen several operating parameters improving during the quarter. Utilization was at 86.3%, which is all-time high level. Onshore effort mix was lowest ever at 25.2%.RPP declined slightly on a sequential basis due to seasonal factors like lower working days, furlough, et cetera, but increased on a year-on-year basis. Subcon costs went up by 40 basis points on a sequential basis as growth picked up meaningfully.Let me talk about the large deal wins which was a key highlight of our quarter 3 performance. Large deal TCV crossed quarter 2 levels and marked the new all-time high at $7.13 billion. Share of new deals in quarter 3 was 73%. The net new deals we signed in quarter 3 is more than 1.5x of what we signed in the entire fiscal '20.As Salil said, in quarter 3, we signed what is probably the largest deal signed in Indian IT services industry. Apart from this, we signed another deal of $500 million. Overall, we won 22 large deals in quarter 3, 18 financial services, 4 deal seized in manufacturing and energy utilities resources and services sector, 3 deals in communication and 1 deal each in retail, high-tech and other segments. Region wise, 13 were from Americas, 7 were from Europe and 2 were from rest of the world. With this, our large deal wins for 9 months is over $12 billion, an increase of 63% over the comparable period in the last year.Net new large deal wins for 9 months have increased by 244% year-on-year. While quarter 3 deal signings were very strong, the large value of this deal signings will start contributing to revenues in the second quarter of the next fiscal due to transition involved.Net employee addition during the quarter was more than 9,100, and share of women employees increased to 38.3%. Voluntary attrition for IT services declined to 10%, although lower than our comfort band of to 14% to 15%. We will be implementing salary increase across all levels as of January 1, 2021.Budget planning for calendar 2021 is progressing normally, and we expect clients to continue to focus on their digital transformation agenda.Moving to business segments. Growth momentum accelerated in Financial Services with ramp-up of past deal wins, focus on accelerating the digital transformation agenda for many of our large clients, and opening up new accounts across various subverticals like mortgages, regional banks, wealth and retirement services.We see multiple opportunities in cloud data services and creating new digital bank capabilities as things improve post-COVID. Finacle continues to grow steadily and have firmly established itself one of the best banking platforms in the industry for digital transformation.Retail segment continued to improve with increased volumes in quarter 3 despite seasonal softness and year-on-year growth turning positive. The deal pipeline remains healthy, and we are seeing opportunities around vendor consolidation and captive monetization.Performance in Communications segment also improved sequentially, although media, entertainment, advertising and OEM segments remain under pressure. We have won 3 deals in this segment in the last quarter and continue to have a strong pipeline of deals.Parts of energy utility resources and service verticals continue to face a difficult environment due to stress in segments like oil and gas, education, publishing, travel and hospitality, et cetera, while utilities remain relatively steady. Based on the recent deal wins and deal pipeline, we expect to see stable performance in the coming quarters. Manufacturing had a standard quarter, both in terms of deal signings and revenue momentum, which improved meaningfully despite continued disruptions across subsegments. As deals ramp up over the coming quarters, we will see superior revenue momentum for this segment. We expect spend to grow in the newer areas of digital, data, cloud and security and reduction in -- around the business areas.Infosys BPM has grown at double digits with strong pipeline of both traditional and digital deals. The digital portfolio also saw strong growth of 31.3% year-on-year in constant currency and crossed 50% share of overall revenue. In the last quarter, we have launched Infosys Modernization Suite, Infosys Live Enterprise Application Management Platform, both part of Infosys Cobalt and Infosys Applied AI.Three acquisitions completed in the last quarter, GuideVision, one of the largest ServiceNow Elite partners in Europe; Blue Acorn Adobe Platinum partner in the U.S.; and Kaleidoscope Innovation will further enrich our capabilities and offerings in the digital space. We've also been rated as leader in 17 services-related capabilities across the digital pentagon areas by industry analysts.But global pandemic has gone from threat to opportunity as clients have gained confidence in their own resilience and now embrace the opportunity to accelerate and often radical reimagination of their own businesses. Infosys with its strengthening capabilities and expanding array of offering is becoming the preferred choice for customers in that journey.With that, I will hand over to Nilanjan.

[Nilanjan Roy, Chief Financial Officer]

Thanks, Pravin. Good evening, good morning, everyone. I would like to wish you all and your families the seasons greetings and a safe and healthy 2021.Q3 was another successive quarter, marked by continued acceleration in revenue with the highest Q3 sequential revenue growth in the last 8 years. Our unwavering execution over the past 3 years against our navigating our next strategy with client relevance at the core, supported by digital, operational excellence, cost and cash management is clearly the driver of this all rounded performance and reflecting in our total shareholder return appreciation during this period.Revenue for the quarter stood at $3.52 billion, a growth of 5.3% sequentially in constant currency. This translates to 6.6% growth year-on-year and 3.5% growth for 9 months in constant currency. Operating margin stood at 25.4%, were up by 3.5% year-on-year and stable sequentially.Sequential margin movement in Q3 comprised of a 100 basis points improvement due to better operating parameters like utilization and on-site mix and other cost levers, 20 basis points benefit due to cross-currency movements, partly offset by rupee appreciation. These benefits were negated by a 50 basis point impact of transition and rebadging costs for recently won deals, a 20 basis point increase in costs relating to employee promotions and compensation corrections and the balance 50 bps impact due to a combination of higher subcon, one-offs and others.Operating margin for 9 months stood at 24.5%, which is 3.1% higher compared to the 21.4% margin for 9 months of the last fiscal. As mentioned last quarter, we will see higher costs in Q4 as we implement the salary hike for our employees effective January. Q3 EPS grew by 12.5% in dollar terms and by 16.5% in INR on a year-on-year basis. 9 months EPS grew by 10.6% in dollar terms and 16.9% in INR on a year-on-year basis. Return on equity increased further to 27.4%, an improvement of 130 basis points over the last year.DSO, measured on an LTM revenue basis, remained stable year-on-year while increasing 4 days quarter-on-quarter. Collection remained strong and helped in generating operational cash flow of $829 million. Coupled with lower CapEx of $57 million, FCF for quarter 3 increased to a record $772 million, a growth of 15.1% year-on-year and a growth of 40% on a YTD basis.Free cash flow conversion remained strong at 109% of net profit and 113% for the 9 months. We continue to maintain a strong debt-free and liquid balance sheet. Cash and investments at the end of quarter 3 were $4.5 billion, in line with the previous quarter, despite paying $687 million of half yearly dividend during this period. Yield on cash balances continue to decline due to moderating interest regime in India, the yield was approximately 6% in quarter 3.Quarter 3 also marked the 22nd consecutive quarter of positive ForEx income despite significant currency volatility throughout the globe. Driven by strong deal wins and revenue performance in the first 9 months, we are again increasing revenue guidance for FY '21 to 4.5% to 5% in constant currency terms from 2% to 3% as guided earlier. We expect operating margins for the full year to be in the range of 24% to 24.5% compared to the previous guidance of 23% to 24%.Amidst these numbers, it will be remiss of me not to mention the landmark achievement in quarter 3 of attaining carbon neutrality, as a company, 30 years ahead of the Paris Accord. This was a journey we embarked in 2010, and we are extremely proud of the commitment shown in achieving this goal.In the last quarter, as Salil mentioned, we also announced our first ESG vision of 2030, a holistic approach of integrating our business model with the extended stakeholders impacting environment and climate, communities and societies, employees and shareholders. We believe our robust and measurable targets towards the pillars of environment, social and governance will help us setting new standards in this area. With that, we can open the call for questions.

[Operator]

[Operator Instructions] The first question is from the line of Ankur Rudra from JPMorgan.

[Ankur Rudra, Research Analyst]

Exceptional quarter yet again. Just starting with a question on budgets, perhaps, Salil, a large part of your exceptional strong deal win momentum appears to be catalyzed, perhaps with cost takeouts and consolidation you had alluded to at the beginning of this year. And I was wondering if this implies that enterprise tech budgets might actually stink -- shrink or stay flat as opposed to going up in C'21? And also whatever was freed up by these cost takeouts, how do you see yourself participating in those sort of freed-up type budgets?

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Thanks, Ankur. The way we are seeing it today is there is definitely some element of cost takeout. If you look at the wins that we have seen this past quarter and for this financial year and the 3 quarters, we see those are both cost takeout, but also what you all described in the second part as large enterprises looking to invest that amount into their own digital infrastructure and landscape for their growth with their end customers.So the overall budgets are always difficult to estimate, as you know. And we have a number of other agencies we all depend on for those sorts of estimates. Those are all positive estimates at this stage for calendar year '21. But the key is: one, to have the capabilities for digital and cloud and the transformation that these enterprises are driving, so those investment monies can be spent with us; and two, have the automation capability and the efficiency capability for the cost takeout, which we have. So it's a dual approach, and we seemed -- we are playing quite on both sides of that.

[Ankur Rudra, Research Analyst]

So just a follow-up on revenue conversion. Clearly, very strong momentum here. I was wondering if you've seen an acceleration of the conversion from signing to recognition in the last few quarters, perhaps due to virtual onboarding? And would you expect those trends to go on for the large deals you've won right now?

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Yes, we've not seen anything different in the way deals are converting. There are some deals which convert faster, some have a slower sort of transition. Pravin shared in his comments that some of the transition from what we see in Q3 will start to show up a bit later in Q2 of next year. So that pattern has not changed. Some deals do have a faster conversion and some are more slow. Nothing's changed because of the virtual onboarding and so on.

[Ankur Rudra, Research Analyst]

Okay. Just lastly, on margins. Should we expect a significant impact perhaps in F'22 as these large deals come through like you've seen in the current quarter?

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

On margins, I'll request Nilanjan to step in. Go ahead, please.

[Nilanjan Roy, Chief Financial Officer]

Yes. So Ankur, as you know, I mean, we run with a portfolio, we have large deals, we have small deals, we have new deals coming into the pipeline. Also, we are maturing large deals. So we run with the portfolio. And if you actually see our history over the last 3 years, even as we've accelerated the large deal pipeline and the revenues, our margins also have gone up. And that's a couple of reasons. One is, of course, the strategic cost levers, we continuously deploy each year, and we talked about that in our Analyst Day around the on-site/offshore mix, the pyramid, automation. And this is something we relentlessly focus on.When we pick up large deals, we also start seeing the life cycle of the deals. And of course, initially, these have higher costs in terms. Because they would not have enough automation or process improvement, they may not be enough in terms of on-site/offshore mix. And therefore, when we look at the portfolio entirely, we also realized there are deals, which will be maturing and hitting near portfolio margins, and new deals will enter the portfolio at lower margins initially. And that's the way we manage our overall portfolio.Yes, every quarter, you could have plus or minus. And in fact, this time, we've had this mission in the margin or one-off on a rebadge deal. But I think if the flow is green, I think we are quite comfortable with our overall performance as we are.And as we look into next year, of course, we will have the quarter 4 impact of the wage hikes across. Some of the costs may come back in next year in terms of travel and all, but that may be a bit further away. But like I said, again, the cost optimization, which we have, and as we approach this, we're quite confident.

[Operator]

The next question is from the line of James Friedman from Susquehanna.

[James Eric Friedman, Senior Analyst]

Congratulations on the extraordinary results. Pravin, in your prepared remarks, and I know you've reflected this in the previous response, Salil, you're suggesting that the large deal wins that were currently addressed start to bill in the Q2. I realize that, that can vary. But is there any -- can we think about those boarding linearly? Or would that be a mistake in terms of our future modeling exercise?

[U. B. Pravin Rao, COO & Whole]

Yes. As I said, all these large deal wins involve a period of transition and revenue will start kicking in only in the second quarter of next fiscal. Again, the trajectory of revenue also will vary on the nature of the deal. In some large deals, its primarily initially taking over, providing services back to the clients and then maybe over a period of time modernizing. In some other cases, it could be taking over, but at the same time, in parallel, doing the transformation. So the nature of the deals actually varies. So it's I don't think we can have a common yardstick to say how revenue will pan out.

[James Eric Friedman, Senior Analyst]

And then, Pravin, you also mentioned "a good pipeline of deals." I think you were talking about the communications vertical. You said despite weak media, you see a good pipeline in that vertical overall. Could you give us some context for that? Is the opportunity in that vertical equivalent to the, say, strength that you're seeing in manufacturing deals? When you say good pipeline about that vertical, what's that about? Some context would be helpful?

[U. B. Pravin Rao, COO & Whole]

I think the number of opportunities in the communications segment, as I said, is fairly good, decent. And it's primarily in the telecom space. Because when you look at communications, it's not only about telecom, it's also media, entertainment, OEM. So we do see -- find softness in media entertainment and OEM, but are seeing a lot more traction from the telecom segment. We have already won 3 deals in this segment in this quarter. And the pipeline, as I said, it continues to be healthy. I mean given the pandemic, we have seen a lot of volumes improvement in telco, but it has so far not really translated into impact on their own revenues, but we expect this to probably change going forward. At least on the telecom side, we remain optimistic, given the deal wins as far as the pipeline.

[Operator]

The next question is from the line of Kawaljeet Saluja from Kotak.

[Kawaljeet Saluja, Senior Executive Director & Head of Research]

Fantastic quarter. Couple of questions. First is that there was a very healthy conversion of pipeline into TCVs in this quarter and actually in the last 2 quarters. Has this conversion left the pipeline a little bit lighter or does it continue to be a robust as it was earlier? That's the first question.

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Thanks, Kawal. This is Salil. Yes, the conversion at that instant, it comes out of the pipeline, as you rightly point out, but the overall health of the pipeline is extremely robust. Of course, with this level of large deal win in Q2, we will have that impact in the immediate outlook. However, we see across the different industries still significant opportunities and the pipeline is in all seeing that level of health and robustness. So still feeling quite good about the pipeline.

[Kawaljeet Saluja, Senior Executive Director & Head of Research]

The second question I had is on profitability. And it's the same question I asked in the previous quarter to Nilanjan. Nilanjan, margin band in the last -- every year has changed. This year, it has been a good thing that it has increased. But what's the real sustainable level of band of operating margin, taking into consideration the large deals, a possibility of 2 rounds of wage increases and possibly cost normalization as well, how should one really think about your profitability dynamics as we move into FY '22 or even beyond that?

[Nilanjan Roy, Chief Financial Officer]

Thanks, Kawal. I'm not sure you'll get a separate answer each quarter. So on a serious note, I think like where we are today at 24.5% on a 9-month basis, I think last time we were at 21.4%. We have seen about a 310 basis points improvement on a year-on-year basis for 9 months. I think this is a combination, like we said, of some of the discretionary cuts which we have done, which is largely the impact of the compensation hikes, and that will come back in Q4.Also, if you look at the temporary cuts, which we've done, which some of them were on travel or the brand side, et cetera, some may open up, but that's yet to be seen how fast the post-vaccine world normalizes. But I think we are very, very confident, and you continue to see very strong metrics on our cost optimization, right?So the on-site/offshore mix improvement in the last 1 year has been something which took 3 years in the past. And these all will open up a lot of opportunities as clients see and are open to more offshoring with 98%, 97% of our teams working from home literally over the last year. I think the confidence of clients as well to offshore will increase and that could be a lever we will step on.Our localization and local hiring in the U.S. as a pyramid is something very unique to Infosys, creating the 6 digital hubs, recruiting from universities, community colleges. Historically, you know, the IT industry has had a very deep pyramid on-site and 75% of employee count actually is on-site, whereas only 25% of your headcount sits there. And therefore, if you don't address the on-site pyramid, you really have a battle up your hand. And I think what we've been doing over the years with our localization drive, putting in our hubs and hiring pressure is helping us negate some of this. So without giving any numbers into next year, I think we are entering with some levers up our sleeves. Yes, there may be some impact of compensation, but we'll see as next year comes and our guidance as we announce.

[Kawaljeet Saluja, Senior Executive Director & Head of Research]

Just a final question. It's on the largest ever deal that you have won. I mean is it just typical large deals like the ones you have signed with Vanguard or maybe others? Or is there something unique, which you want to call out, maybe in the form of a higher pass-through element or anything of that sort? Any color on this deal would be very, very helpful? That's my last question.

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Let me try that, Kawal, Salil. In terms of the large deals, I think your question was on a specific deal. The way I would characterize it is it's a deal, which relates to cloud and really a huge business to both public cloud, private cloud, insider service and bringing together an ecosystem to make all of that happen. The primary driver for parts of it is what we built in Infosys Cobalt, which was all of our cloud assets. And of course, we are working very strongly with ecosystem of partners or together shaping what this cloud environment will look like.

[Operator]

The next question is from the line of Yogesh Aggarwal from HSBC.

[Yogesh Aggarwal, Head of India Research and India Tech Analyst]

Happy New Year to the team as well, and a good quarter. Just 2 questions from me. Firstly, on large deal wins, which have been so impressive. Salil, is there -- from an execution perspective, are there -- the execution of this is different than a normal deal or they are almost similar? So in that context, do you need to make any SLA or milestone-related contingencies since these are a lot more complicated deals?And secondly, from a guidance perspective, the fourth quarter guidance is much weaker compared to what you achieved in the third quarter. So was there some kind of a budget flush in third quarter? Or any specific weakness, which is leading to slower growth in fourth quarter? I have a follow-up after that on margins, please.

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Okay. On the first 2 points, I think the delivery risk profile across a large deal portfolio, if I look at the last 9 months, the last quarter, it's not any different from delivery risk of those type of deals in the past. Now we're doing larger deals in this last few -- last year or last few years. And so with that, the capacity increased. However, there is no provisioning in our books with regard to specific situations on SLAs as we start out the delivery of the deal. In that sense, this is something where we build out capabilities, and we are now putting together the approach to deliver on the various large deals that we've talked about. The second point, sorry, could you just repeat that, please?

[Yogesh Aggarwal, Head of India Research and India Tech Analyst]

So I was trying to understand the guidance for fourth quarter, which looks much weak -- yes.

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Right. Yes, so on the guidance, as you probably know, historically, Q3 and Q4 financial year are always softer quarters for the industry and for Infosys. So there is nothing different. In fact, this particular Q3 has been extremely robust. We had a phenomenal growth in terms of the revenue, constant currency growth that we have shared. But there is nothing unusual in that to point to you, I mean, weakness in Q4. However, seasonally, Q3 and Q4 have always been softer across the industry and for Infosys over the years.

[Yogesh Aggarwal, Head of India Research and India Tech Analyst]

Okay. Okay. Just another question on margins. Nilanjan, most of your operating metrics have improved quite smartly, as you said, utilization, offshore mix, et cetera, but the employee cost is still up around 5%, 6% sequentially. We have seen with other companies, despite the wage hike, it's been largely flattish. So what is leading to the employee cost increase, if I may?

[Nilanjan Roy, Chief Financial Officer]

Yes. So like I mentioned in the margin walk, sequentially, we had this 50 basis point impact of transition and rebadging of a recently won large deal. So that's something clearly we called out. And the balance, we had talked about a combination of higher subcon one-off and others, which was explaining about 100 basis points of the cost drag versus the 100 basis point improvement in operational metrics by utilization and on-site mix.

[Operator]

The next question is from the line of Keith Bachman from Bank of Montreal.

[Keith Frances Bachman, MD & Senior Research Analyst]

Yes. I had 2 questions as well. The first, your cash flow was also very impressive this quarter. Was there anything that you want to call out that might have been unusual or onetime in nature? And anything that you want to call out on the cash flow that we should be thinking about over the next couple of quarters, but certainly next quarter in particular?

[Nilanjan Roy, Chief Financial Officer]

Yes. So I think as we've been showing for the entire year, quarter-after-quarter, we have had very strong collections because I think that was our first concern when COVID stuck is the ability of our clients. And of course, the reality is our clients are Fortune 500 clients and very, very strong balance sheet as well. And across the 3 quarters, we have not seen any impact at all in terms of our collection ability and that remains strong.Of course, one reason for the cash flows improving is, of course, the lower CapEx. As everybody is now working from home, I think that automatically has come down. And in fact, we've repurposed some of our CapEx spend toward technology so that people can enable -- being able to work from home with laptops rather than desktops. So nothing really to call out on a cash flow basis. Yes, here and there, we have received some deferrals of some indirect taxes, but nothing material really. I don't -- I mean, I think that on an underlying basis, we are still above 100% of net profits.

[Keith Frances Bachman, MD & Senior Research Analyst]

Yes, yes. Okay. Then the second question, I wanted to go back to the deal signings. Again, impressive deal signings, particularly 73% being net new. If you took out -- A, if you took out the one large deal that you said was the largest in history, what was -- any growth rates that you can provide just to give some dimensions? And then, B, I'm just curious of the distribution. Is there any dimensions you could give around what was in the digital versus legacy of the signings this quarter or if you wanted to say over the last few quarters? But I'm just curious at the signings, the distribution between the legacy and the digital side?

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Let me start. This is Salil and then Pravin might be able to add a bit more color on the distribution. In terms of what we did in Q3, we don't have a view to give a specific number for the one deal. What I would say is, even outside of that, we were running in an extremely robust space overall in terms of the sort of averages we have had over the last several quarters of a large deal signings. So while it was a large specific deal, that was not the only one. And as Pravin also mentioned, there were 22 deals also referencing the one another deal, which was at $500 million, just to give some color. Pravin, over to you for anything else.

[U. B. Pravin Rao, COO & Whole]

Yes. So I think there is an element of digital in every large deal. Because end of the day, large deal is not only about taking over and delivering the services, but it's also transforming over a period of time. So in that sense, it's a combination of digital plus legacy, and we don't really give a breakup of that. And the nature of these deals also varies. I mean, there are some deals around infra modernization, cloud and infrastructure-as-a-service. There are some deals around ops transformation. There are some deals where we have taken over whole IT and delivering it back as IT-as-a-service. There are deals which are purely ADM where we are providing next-gen ADM services.There are deals where -- which is platform led where we have taken over some products, not only maintaining, but also go-to-market with those products. There have been some captive forwards as well. Engineering is also a strong element in many of these large deals. Of course, BPM is also part and parcel of most of these large deals. So the nature of these deals vary, but there's always an element of digital in it. And we -- I mean, as I said earlier, it'd be difficult to call out how much is digital and how much is non-digital.

[Operator]

The next question is from the line of Diviya Nagarajan from UBS.

[Diviya Nagarajan, Executive Director and Research Analyst]

Quite a few of my questions have been discussed already, but to kind of go back to this large deal that you talked about. Could you just kind of explain how this -- a deal like this at this scale is typically structured? And anything that you would like to call out on how we should model some of these ramp-ups in these deals?Second part to that is that for a contract like this, and I think we've also seen some dilution that came in because of the large deal ramp up in Q3. Nilanjan, you spoke about a portfolio approach. When you think about this portfolio, what kind of a time line do you typically price in for these deals to mature and then for margins to start coming up the curve, so to speak?

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Let me start with the first part. This is Salil. We've not given anything more specific beyond what Pravin shared earlier in terms of sort of broadly on deal ramp-ups from the Q3 bookings. What I can say is the way this has been put together where we have a lot of the work that relates to data centers and the workplace transformation and all of that underlying with the cloud transformation to private cloud.We see that once this is made to steady state, it's really the foundation of many things that we can do, which run through on a steady basis over a number of years. And the timing of that, we've not given anything more specific, which can give you a sense today of when specifically the revenue will come up beyond the comment that we made on Q2. And let me now pass it to Nilanjan for the margin profile of these large deals.

[Nilanjan Roy, Chief Financial Officer]

Yes. So like I mentioned earlier, we have various kinds of large deals, some of them come initially with margin, which unbind with portfolio or tagged below portfolio. Some maybe initially ones which require dramatic transformation because they are 100% on-site. There's no automation, which has been done. Client expects savings from day 1. So once we go in, we are very, very clear over the deal cycle. Typically, these are 5-, 7-year deals that we model literally on a quarter basis, what is going to be done in terms of an intervention of moving work on-site/offshore, putting automation inside to the pyramid side of it. And I think we look at that very, very holistically as part of the bid process so that we are very clear that there is a trajectory in the margins as well. So that's an ongoing process.And like I mentioned, we've been winning large deals over the last 3 years, accelerating them quite sharply. But yet, we've seen an improvement in margins because the way we've talked about it is these elements start kicking in. And at the same time, new deals come in at lower margin, whereas the existing deals start maturing and it will yield portfolio margins. But it doesn't mean that every deal will exactly be in line with what your operating margin of the company is. There will be deals above the operating profile, margin profile of the company, and there are deals which are below that. So it's a portfolio, which we continuously look through and focus on the cost side.

[Diviya Nagarajan, Executive Director and Research Analyst]

Got it. And you spoke about potential margin levers, one of it was the offshore mix. Pravin earlier alluded to how it's of the lowest offshore mixes that you've seen in a while. What is the room here that we have for further offshore mix shift, sorry, lower on-site mix so far. So what's the potential there?And secondly, on utilization, has anything structurally changed in how we look at utilization as a result of remote working and better employee allocations over various locations? And my question here is, can these mid-80s utilization structurally move up from where they are?

[Nilanjan Roy, Chief Financial Officer]

Yes. So I think on the -- on-site/offshore mix, yes, there has been some, firstly, temporary benefits because of curtailed travel and, therefore, people have not been able to travel overseas as well. But having said that, I think the bigger strategic, I think, opportunity is that with work from home clients are now seeing over the last year SLAs have been delivered on par. There's been no impact on whether signing deals or delivering and, therefore, the confidence of clients in terms of offshoring has also started improving.And in fact, we are also now solutioning ourselves so that we can give near-shore facility. So Canada is a near-shore base for the U.S. We have Mexico and both have seen dramatic growth in this time as well, and Mexico being a low-cost location. So it's a combination of remote working in our hubs where we can create a pyramid, that's 1 lever, then move on to near-shore and then finally on to offshore. So I think these are 3 things which we can continuously press on. And I think these open up large opportunities. Of course, as travel comes back, there could be some temporary lull. But secularly, I think the downward decline is quite clear.

[U. B. Pravin Rao, COO & Whole]

On the...

[Diviya Nagarajan, Executive Director and Research Analyst]

On the utilization?

[U. B. Pravin Rao, COO & Whole]

Yes, let me add on the utilization front. This is Pravin here. I think utilization, as I said, it's a record high. This is not where we want to be. Within the past few quarters, I think we had comfort in operating between 83% to 85%, and that's where we want to be. So we will look at much more aggressive hiring over the next few quarters and try to bring down the utilization to manageable levels.

[Operator]

The next question is from the line of Moshe Katri from an Wedbush Securities.

[Moshe Katri]

Congrats on very strong results. I have 2 follow-up questions. One, a confirmation regarding margins. Pravin, I think during the last call, you indicated that some of the margin gains that you've seen in fiscal '21 will not be sustainable into fiscal '22. Given some of the commentary that you made today, is that still the case? Because it seems like you talked about some margin leverage, you're talking about some encouraging signals of an accelerating the offshore trend. And one of your former executives suggested in the call that we hosted last week that he hasn't seen this acceleration into offshoring in about 10 years.And the second question is more about the sustainability of what we're seeing right now in terms of the demand trends, the pipeline and et cetera. Maybe you can give some color on both of these?

[U. B. Pravin Rao, COO & Whole]

Yes. So I'll take the first question, Moshe. So like I said, we are at -- in the first 9 months at 24.5%, and we have the wage hikes coming up in quarter 4. So that clearly will have an impact. And as we look into next year, there could be some easing off of travel, et cetera, which will have some cost pressures. Now having said that, we said we also parallelly will work on our cost optimization levers, which is something we continuously work on. So we are not at this stage saying that there's a margin guidance out there for FY '22. But just the color of what's coming ahead, we will have these cost pressures, but we will also work on the cost optimization parallelly.

[Moshe Katri]

And on the second question regarding, at this point, what you're seeing in terms of sustainability, some of the trends that you're seeing, in terms of pipeline strength? And maybe also -- maybe you can elaborate on what percentage of the mix in terms of the bookings came in from new logos versus renewals?

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Let me take that crack, Pravin.

[U. B. Pravin Rao, COO & Whole]

Go ahead.

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Okay. Let me start on the sustainability trend. And then on the mix, Pravin, you can go ahead. I think the way we see the pipeline and the movement of the deals, we still see a good demand environment across all the industry segments as we referenced at the start of the call. There are some where the strength is quite exceptional. But overall, all of the industry segments are moving in a positive direction.On the mix, I think, to your point, on the offshore mix, there, we've seen good movement this year. Of course, with some of the travel restrictions coming off, we will see some more movements from offshore to on-site, but our recruitment engine on-site is very strong as well. And so we'll wait and watch how that plays out. We don't see that it's immediately going to change because fundamentally, clients are seeing that delivering remotely from whichever location, within office, calls a broader set of functions. So we feel quite comfortable that over a period of time, that will work to our benefit in terms of the mix and, therefore, in terms of margins. Pravin, over to you on the mix.

[U. B. Pravin Rao, COO & Whole]

Yes. On the mix, again, we normally call out only what is net new and what is rebates. And in this quarter, it's 73% net new. And if you look at for the first -- for the 9 months of the year, when the total TCV is $12 billion, the net new is $9 billion of that. So from that perspective, I think in the last -- past 9 months, we've seen a significant percentage of revenues coming from net new with -- which assured comfort on the growth momentum in the coming few quarters. Obviously, there is also a mix of new logos that will -- as part of this mix, like, for instance, last quarter, we had Vanguard, which was one of the large deals we announced and it was a new logo. But we particularly don't call that out. I mean, we normally look at what is net new and that gives us a sense of our deal flow and the growth momentum for the forthcoming quarters.

[Operator]

The next question is from the line of Pankaj Kapoor from CLSA.

[Pankaj Kapoor, Research Analyst]

So Nilanjan, I had 2 questions for you. First is on these very large transactions that you now signed again. Are there commercial terms of these deals any different from the regular deals that we do? What I'm trying to basically understand is that how is the cost statement done? Are these...

[Operator]

Sorry to interrupt your, Mr. Kapoor, but your audio is not very clear. Mr. Pankaj Kapoor, your audio is not very clear. Please request you to check?

[Pankaj Kapoor, Research Analyst]

Yes. Sure. Is it better now?

[Operator]

Yes, it is.

[Pankaj Kapoor, Research Analyst]

Okay. So my question was for Nilanjan. So what I was trying to basically understand is the commercial structure of these very large transactions at a generic level. Are costs in such deals typically flow through the P&L? Or do we have, like, we do typically in a regular deals? Or can some of these be capitalized also? So that is one thing which I'm trying to understand.And my second question is on the next year's wage revision. I mean, one of your peers, of course, is talking about FY '22 to be a normal year. So are you also expecting that the wage hike for next year will follow the regular pattern of being in April or sometime mid-year? These are the 2 questions I had.

[Nilanjan Roy, Chief Financial Officer]

Yes. So on the first question, I think all deals like -- and even Pravin mentioned, they're all different. Some of them may have rebadging elements, some of them may have a comprehensive infrastructure with software. So it depends on deal to deal. I think there's no standard answer how -- or a generic way we can answer that question. And some of them may have a pass-through and some of them may not. So it depends service elements versus our entire transformation element. So that's quite different across deals. So I don't think there's anything specific we can say more than that at this stage.

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

So on the second one, let me address that. With respect to the wage hike, we've announced the salary increase effective January 1 of this year. We've not made any comments with respect to the next year situation. We will come to that once we conclude this and start the next year. And at that stage, you will share with you what the approach is.

[Nilanjan Roy, Chief Financial Officer]

Salil, I just wanted to also...

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Yes, go ahead.

[U. B. Pravin Rao, COO & Whole]

I wanted to make a correction to my last response to Moshe, I think. As I said, total TCV of large deal wins for 9 months of $12 billion, which is correct. And the total net new out of it is $8 billion. I think I said $9 billion. It's not $9 billion, it's $8 billion, I just want to clarify that.

[Operator]

The next question is from the line of Sudheer Guntupalli from ICICI Securities.

[Sudheer Guntupalli, Research Analyst]

Congrats on a good quarter. Salil, regarding the last deal, for a deal of the size, we assume almost all the Tier 1 vendors might have aggressively completed. Some of them might be native European companies. Some of them might have a larger revenue base in Europe or in the infrastructure kind of service offerings. So can you help us understand what are the, let's say, 3, 4 variables that have given Infosys that extra edge to win this deal over the competition?

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Sudheer, you're right, this is an extremely competitive situation with several Europe, U.S. and Indian companies competing for this work. One of the elements that really stood out that I could see and we could see was what we understood from the clients to be the technical strength of our solution. And this is a solution which they've found on something we've shared before, the Cobalt suite in the cloud. The approach that we put together to give the clients a solution which was both flexible, scalable and secure, while globally spread out operations of theirs could enable it was very valued by them.We also benefited, I think, from the way that we make sure that all the different elements of their business objectives in how they wanted to focus on the business and how they wanted to perform the cloud journey, we incorporated quite fully into the solution. This is really extreme win in that sense from the technical capability perspective. And that's why we are extremely delighted because it opens up a new area for us, something in which we were previously doing well, and now we can do further better as we go ahead.

[Sudheer Guntupalli, Research Analyst]

Sure, Salil. And second question is on the gross client addition during the quarter, which seem to be significantly higher than the typical run rate in the previous quarter. I think we are at around 139-odd clients. Can you please throw some more color on what has driven the strong addition, nature of these clients, their potential scalability? And if this has to do with the entry into new subsegments that Pravin has spoken about in his opening remarks?

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Let me request Pravin first to address it, and if there is anything else, I'll come back.

[U. B. Pravin Rao, COO & Whole]

Salil, I missed the question. Can you repeat it?

[Sudheer Guntupalli, Research Analyst]

Sure, sir. So basically, if you look at the gross client addition during the quarter, it seemed to be significantly higher than the typical run rate in the previous quarters. So my question is, if you can throw some more color on what has driven this strong addition and the nature of these clients potential scalability. And if this has to do with the entry into some new subsegments you spoke about in your press meet and in your opening remarks as well?

[U. B. Pravin Rao, COO & Whole]

I think we had seen strong new account openings, new logo openings across the subsegments. I don't think there's any secular trend. We have seen good openings across many of our segments. And we have been consistent over the past few quarters as well. So I don't see any pattern in this or any specific thing. And again, the opportunities also varies. And many of them, we are opening the doors with transformation opportunities. Some of them are -- a few of them are opening with large deals. So it's a combination of things. There's no specific pattern or anything specific to a particular subsegment.

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Yes. Just to add to Pravin, I think there's also some client additions we've had to the new acquisitions we made.

[Operator]

Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, that was the last question for today. I now hand the conference over to the management for closing comments.

[Sandeep Mahindroo]

Salil, do you want to give some closing comments, please?

[Salil Satish Parekh, MD, CEO & Director]

Yes. Thanks, Sandeep. First, thank you, everyone, for joining us for this session. As you can see, we're extremely delighted with the performance for this quarter, standout being an exceptional large deals win, phenomenal growth at 6.6% year-on-year and a strong operating margin performance backed up by extremely robust cash collection and conversion that was noted. We feel confident to revise the guidance upwards, as we shared, on both revenue and margin. And we have a strong outlook as we go into the next financial year, which will start for us in April. So overall, extremely delighted with this. And thank you again, everyone, for joining us.

[Operator]

Thank you very much members of the management. Ladies and gentlemen, on behalf of Infosys, that concludes this conference call. Thank you for joining us. You may now disconnect your lines.