Neuropace Inc

NASDAQ:NPCE

Earnings Call Transcript 2024-Q1

[Operator]

Good afternoon, and welcome to NeuroPace's First Quarter 2024 Conference Call. As a reminder, this call is being recorded.

I would now like to turn the call over to Jeremy Feffer from LifeSci Advisors for a few introductory comments. Please go ahead.

[Jeremy Feffer]

Good afternoon. Thank you for joining us for NeuroPace's First Quarter 2024 Financial and Operating Results Conference Call. On today's call, we will hear from Joel Becker, Chief Executive Officer; and Rebecca Kuhn, Chief Financial Officer.

Earlier today, NeuroPace released financial results for the first quarter ended March 31, 2024. A copy of the press release is available on the company's website at neuropace.com.

Before we begin, I would like to remind you that throughout this call, we will make statements that include forward-looking statements within the meaning of federal securities laws, which are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any statements made during this call that relate to expectations or predictions of future events, results or performance are forward-looking statements.

All forward-looking statements, including those around NeuroPace projections, business opportunities, commercial expansion, market conditions, clinical trials and those relating to our operating trends and future financial performance, expense management estimates of market opportunity and forecast of market and revenue growth are based on current estimates and various assumptions. These statements involve material risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results or events to materially differ from those implied by these forward-looking statements. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on these statements. For more detailed descriptions of the risks and uncertainties associated with our business, please refer to the Risk Factors section of our public filings with the SEC including our recent annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on March 5, 2024, and our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, to be filed with the SEC and any other reports that we may file with the SEC in the future.

This conference call contains time-sensitive information, which we believe is accurate only as of this live broadcast on May 8, 2024. NeuroPace disclaims any intention or obligation, except as required by law, to update or revise any financial projections or forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events or otherwise.

And with that, I will now turn the call over to NeuroPace's Chief Executive Officer, Joel Becker. Joel?

[Joel Becker, executive]

Thank you, Jeremy, and good afternoon, everyone. I will start out today's call by reviewing our performance in the first quarter and key business priorities for the remainder of 2024 before turning the call over to our CFO, Rebecca Kuhn to present the details of our financial performance for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, which will be followed by a Q&A session. Let's get started.

We are pleased with the start to 2024, reporting total revenue of $18.1 million for the first quarter, up 25% compared to the same period last year. Revenue for the quarter included strong year-on-year growth contributions from sales of the RNS system and the DIXI Medical SEEG products and contribution from our strategic biotechnology collaboration.

Over the past year, we have worked to find a balance between investing in top line growth and maintaining strong financial discipline across our business. We are proud of the success we have achieved on both of these fronts. The first quarter was another example of this as we held our cash burn to $7.6 million which included increased payments for variable compensation as a result of our strong operating performance.

We are also pleased to have recently extended the maturity date of our term loan to September 30, 2026, further increasing the company's financial flexibility. With those high-level comments about the quarter, providing an overview for today's update, let me now dive into some of the details that help drive this performance.

As we review the results and performance of the business in the first quarter of 2024, we are and will remain focused on execution of growth opportunities in our current target market, which is estimated to be approximately $2 billion annually that offers significant near-term opportunities for growth in treating patients at comprehensive epilepsy centers in the U.S., while also investing in and executing on our longer-term strategy to expand our reach beyond these Level 4 centers and bring NeuroPace's total market opportunity to more than $55 billion. Our objective is to help close the treatment gap for drug-resistant epilepsy patients by expanding access to RNS therapy through increasing adoption and utilization in Level 4 centers, expanding referrals to and implants outside of level 4 centers and expanding indications for RNS therapy, including to generalized epilepsy patients.

Progress was made on this strategy in Q1 as we remain laser focused on increasing adoption of the RNS system. One of the metrics we use to measure this progress is total active prescribers. And while we will not quantify this number, we were pleased to see this metric continue its upward trajectory and achieve an all-time high in the first quarter.

We also made significant progress in hiring and training field representatives under the previously announced incremental expansion of our commercial organization. These new representatives are now moving through our in-depth training and education program. We expect the majority of these representatives will complete these activities in the first half of the year and begin to be signed off and able to engage in independent field activities in the second half of the year.

We expect that these representatives will also begin to have an impact on the second phase of our long-term strategy, expanding access to RNS therapy beyond Level 4 centers. Pilot program activities have begun in targeted areas, including professional education activities such as webinars, symposia and peer-to-peer programs. This is accompanied by additional commercial activities, such as the initiation of digital social media awareness programs, center contracting activities and the placement of representatives in targeted geographies. While it is still early in the rollout of these programs and they did not have a material impact on our results in the first quarter, we have begun to see both implant-related activity as well as the identification of additional patients in need of Phase II monitoring and referral to Level 4 centers.

Additionally, the sales representatives that we have added are primarily focused in geographies where we have identified project care center expansion opportunities along with supporting geographies where we have been experiencing revenue growth in our RNS and DIXI product lines. We look forward to updating you further on these activities as they progress.

Finally, the third phase of our RNS strategy is based on expanding the approved indications for the RNS system. This effort is currently focused on the pivotal NAUTILUS study in which all implants are complete, and the trial is in the follow-up phase. We believe that the strong interest in this study is further evidence of the significant unmet need that exists for patients with drug-resistant idiopathic generalized epilepsy. As a reminder, the NAUTILUS trial requires evaluation of a primary safety endpoint and an effectiveness evaluation 12 months post implant. If approved, our RNS system would be the first device with an FDA-approved indication for generalized epilepsy. This study has the potential to represent a highly meaningful market expansion opportunity.

In addition to the success our commercial team has had with our RNS system, we also continue to see revenue growth from our exclusive partnership with DIXI Medical to market and sell their diagnostic electrodes and related products for epilepsy. This is a highly complementary offering to our RNS system, which provides our sales team with an additional opportunity to call on physicians at the CECs.

Lastly, we are pleased with the strategic collaboration we entered into with a biotechnology company in the fourth quarter of 2023, which completed an important additional milestone in the first quarter of 2024. We believe this groundbreaking collaboration is another example of the value our RNS system can provide through its proven ability to collect and analyze data, which is then used to generate insights that can help inform treatment strategies.

With that as an overview of our operational progress, let me now turn the call over to Rebecca to review our financial results for the first quarter of 2024. Rebecca?

[Rebecca Kuhn, executive]

Thank you, Joel. NeuroPace revenue for the first quarter of 2024 was $18.1 million, representing growth of 25% compared to $14.5 million for the first quarter of 2023. This growth was primarily driven by increased sales of our RNS system. We also generated meaningful revenue growth from sales of DIXI Medical products. Replacement implant revenue continued to decline compared to the same period last year and represented approximately 4% of total revenue.

Gross margin for the first quarter of 2024 was 73.6% compared to 71.7% in the first quarter of 2023. Our gross margin for R&S products improved due to the increase in units produced and sold as our fixed manufacturing overhead costs were spread over more units. Our collaboration with the biotech company also made a contribution to our gross margin in the first quarter of 2024. The increase in gross margin was partially offset by the lower gross margin from distribution of DIXI Medical products.

R&D expense in the first quarter of 2024 was $5.8 million compared with $5.3 million in the same period of 2023. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in personnel-related expenses. SG&A expense in the first quarter of 2024 was $15.1 million compared with $13.4 million in the prior year period. This increase was primarily due to personnel-related expenses, largely driven by the increase in our commercial team as well as severance costs due to personnel changes.

Total operating expenses in the first quarter of 2024 were $20.9 million compared with $18.7 million in the same period of the prior year. Consistent with recent quarters, operating expenses as a percentage of revenue were lower for both R&D and SG&A expenses relative to the prior year period. This performance reflects our focus on driving revenue growth while also effectively managing our operating expenses and cash. We continue to focus on finding the appropriate resource allocation to balance these objectives which we expect to continue throughout 2024.

Loss from operations was $7.5 million in the first quarter of 2024 compared with $8.3 million in the prior year period. We recorded $2.3 million of interest expense in the first quarter of 2024 compared to $2 million in the prior year period. Net loss was $8.9 million for the first quarter of 2024 compared with $10.4 million in the first quarter of 2023. As discussed previously, we have maintained a disciplined expense management strategy, resulting in cash burn in the first quarter of 2024 of $7.6 million compared to $9.8 million in the first quarter of 2023. As a reminder, the first quarter of the fiscal year tends to be our highest cash flow quarter of the year primarily due to the timing of compensation-related payments.

Our cash and short-term investments balance as of March 31, 2024 was $58.9 million. Our long-term borrowings totaled $58 million as of March 31, 2024. We announced today that we finalized an agreement with our lender to extend the final maturity of our debt by one year to September 30, 2026. We believe this extension further improves our overall financial position.

Regarding annual guidance for 2024, we continue to expect our total revenue to be in a range of $73 million to $77 million, an increase of approximately 12% to 18%. This growth is expected to be mostly driven by an increase in sales of our RNS system with growth from sales of DIXI Medical products continuing to make a meaningful contribution. We expect our gross margin to be in a range of 72% to 74% for 2024, although we may see small variability due to fluctuations in their proportion of DIXI Medical revenue to overall revenue and other factors. We expect operating expenses for 2024 to range between $80 million and $84 million including approximately $12 million in stock-based compensation, a noncash expense.

I would now like to turn the call back over to Joel for closing remarks. Joel?

[Joel Becker, executive]

Thank you, Rebecca. At NeuroPace, we are focused on the opportunity to help close the treatment gap for drug-resistant epilepsy patients by expanding access to RNS therapy. I look forward to continuing to execute on our growth strategy and to updating you on our progress throughout 2024.

This concludes our prepared remarks. I would now like to turn the call over to the operator who will open the call for questions.

[Operator]

[Operator Instructions] Your first question comes from the line of Mike Kratky from Leerink Partners.

[Michael Kratky, analyst]

Can you just provide some additional color on what assumptions are being factored into your current guidance range at this point based on the commercial experience you saw in 1Q? I know it's maybe a little bit difficult to answer. But how is the product level revenue that you saw in 1Q between RNS and DIXI really helping to shape any changes that you might be seeing from here?

[Joel Becker, executive]

So as we said in our prepared comments, we saw really good contributions across product lines here from a year-on-year growth perspective. And so when we look at that, we take that into account as we think about the rest of the year as well as then a number of the activities that we mentioned that we have underway, whether that's the organizational expansion or the care activities or traction with prescribers. So we roll all that into how we're thinking about the year. Obviously, there's some headwinds there as well that we talked about in terms of the replacement cycle in particular, being something here, in particular in the first half of the year. But when we take all that together, we feel like the guidance that we maintained with our comments today and that we issued a couple of months ago, really represents our best view for what we expect for the business to generate in revenue here through the rest of the year with, again, good performance and contribution from both sales of the initial sales of the RNS systems as well as with DIXI.

[Michael Kratky, analyst]

And maybe just one follow-up to that. You had a nice [ beat ] in 1Q and ultimately maintain the same guidance range for the year. Can you just confirm whether there was anything that you saw so far in 2Q that's giving you pause about potentially raising the guidance range or really a lot of the same factors that were being considered initially?

[Joel Becker, executive]

What we're -- so just as you mentioned, we were here not too long ago talking about Q1. And we're here today talking about Q1 and that quarter and guidance for the year. And really, when we set the guidance and when we maintain and confirm that guidance, it's with a full view of Q1 and then everything else that we've seen as we look forward to the rest of the year. So it really is a combination of both what we saw here at the beginning of the year and that we had contemplated as well as then when we look at all those different factors going forward through the remainder of the year. We're, again, excited about a number of the opportunities here in front of us with a couple of noted headwinds as well.

[Operator]

Your next question comes from the line of Frank Takkinen from Lake Street Capital Markets.

[Frank Takkinen, analyst]

I was hoping to follow up on your comment about new prescribers, Joel. I know you said you're not going to quantify that, but I was hoping maybe you could give a little bit more color on where those prescribers are from and what I mean are they existing sites with new users who are now using the technology? Or are they new sites? And then just give us the kind of refresh on how those typically scale up?

[Joel Becker, executive]

Great question, Frank. And yes, we were excited to see the new prescriber numbers there and the way that has been tracking in that metric. So the way that we look at that, it's the number of prescribers that have been associated with an initial RNS implant over the past 12 months. So when we look at those and kind of look at where the prescriber is coming from, it's a combination of adoption within both current as well as new centers. So we see them coming from both. But given the nature of where we're at today, a lot of it is increased adoption within current centers. So we get new users and expansion of adoption of users within centers in which we're present today. But there's also a component of new users and new centers as well.

[Frank Takkinen, analyst]

Okay. And then the second half of that, just thinking about how the new users are ramped up? What's the training process like? And how do you think about when they start to do as many procedures maybe as the overall average prescriber?

[Joel Becker, executive]

Yes, a great question. And so as you might imagine, when you have a new user, it can take a little bit for them to ramp up. And so just as we do with all new customers, we really start with the foundations and the basics of RNS and [ neuromodulation ] therapy in their practice and then how they can incorporate it into their practice and scale that up.

So we have a well understood and reproducible training and implementation model there for both understanding where RNS fits in their practice as well as how to scale it up in terms of patient selection and how to manage those patients and so we really work to take people through that education process and adoption process and -- really a described fashion that we've developed over time here.

[Frank Takkinen, analyst]

And then if I could just sneak maybe one more in. On the biotech agreement, congrats on the milestone achievement. Can you quantify whether or not you received a milestone payment with that? And what portion of the $3.7 million total contract value that was?

[Rebecca Kuhn, executive]

Sure, Frank. We'll try and give you a little more color. So just as a reminder, the total payments and revenue over the anticipated 9 quarters of the collaboration is up to a total of $3.7 million. So that occurs over time the payments and the revenue have some variations. It's not terribly dramatic. So we're not going to give you specifics, but yes, there are payments that are received along the way and, of course, revenue recognized along the way. So I hope that's helpful.

[Operator]

Your next question comes from the line of Vik Chopra from Wells Fargo.

[Vikramjeet Chopra, analyst]

I also had a follow-up question on guidance. You had a pretty nice gross margin beat. Maybe just some additional color on what drove that? Why not raise the gross margin guide for the year? And maybe just help us how to think about it for the year? And then I had a follow-up, please.

[Rebecca Kuhn, executive]

Sure. So our gross margin, Vik, increased year-over-year, largely due to the increase in units, R&S units produced and sold. That means that our fixed overhead costs are spread over a larger number of units. So we continue to see nice leverage there. We did see some contribution from our biotech collaboration. And as is always the case, the gross margin then is reduce our gross margin has been reduced by the lower gross margin from DIXI.

[Vikramjeet Chopra, analyst]

And then the follow-up question I had was on Project CARE. Maybe just help us understand where you are with the pilot programs and what metrics you'll be providing for us to track the progress?

[Joel Becker, executive]

So just in terms of the specifics of some of the programs we're initiating programs really in two buckets of activities right now. One is in professional education activities. So when we've -- as I've discussed in previous calls, we're taking a targeted approach here to initiation of activities with the pilot program. But within those targeted accounts, we're initiating professional education programs, including educational symposia and webinars.

I mentioned earlier in the question about new users and our plan and training for new users. We were engaging in professional education activities on some of those same topics here with these centers in terms of the foundations of RNS as a neuromodulation therapy and then process and practice of including RNS as one of the treatment options within their practices. So they learn to understand patient selection as well as patient management programming, reimbursement, all of the things that go along with really establishing this is part of their program. So clinical as well as practice development professional education as well as the peer-to-peer activities. So with peers who are experienced in using RNS and they can help guide centers through the early start-up process. So that's been matched with a number of commercially related activities as well, including some initial work here from a social media perspective related to digital marketing and targeted geographies as well as in center contracting activities.

And then I had mentioned we made a fair bit of progress here with regard to the hiring and initiation of training for the incremental expansion of our commercial organization. So getting those reps trained and in position in targeted care geographies as well have been some of the commercial activities that we've been executing on as well. So those are some of the kind of the activities and the kind of major buckets.

With regard to some of the metrics, it's really -- the way I think about it is really the building and development of the pipeline within each of these centers and then the ability to kind of track our way through that. And it really starts with everything from some of the activities that I just mentioned starting and pacing off of initial contact and sales call processes to -- then the contracting timing and contracting throughput. We also measure the education process and the completion of the education and training process and then obviously, patient identification and then moving patients to implants. So we track and measure all of that up through and including referrals of additional patients who may not be good direct RNS patients outside of Level 4 centers but can be referred into Level 4 centers as well as then implant rate over time in these centers. So I think it's maybe a helpful way to think about it, just the development and then execution pipeline in each of the steps along the way for each of these targeted centers. And that's how we're managing it internally.

[Operator]

Your next question comes from the line of Robbie Marcus from JPMorgan.

[Lilia-Celine Lozada, analyst]

This is Lily on for Robbie. Anything you can share on how we should be thinking about cadence for this year? And any puts and takes that we should be keeping in mind for second quarter through fourth quarter? I think for second quarter of [ the Street ], it was at about $18.2 million, is that sort of a fair place to be? And then I had a quick follow-up.

[Joel Becker, executive]

We're not guiding quarterly, but I could maybe comment a little bit and then invite Rebecca to comment as well on kind of the balance of the year. We've talked about in the past that we don't see in this business, maybe some of the traditional calendarization and cadence that you might see in some others. We do tend to see a couple of times during the year where there is some seasonality impact. We see some seasonality associated with summer vacations and summer holiday slowdowns particular kind of customer vacation times that can sometimes be toward the end of Q2 and beginning of Q3, kind of some of the summer holiday breaks. And then the other kind of period of cadence and calendarization that we pointed out in the past is we have -- just like with the holidays for many, but for this business, we kind of go from Thanksgiving, and then in between Thanksgiving and Christmas, we have the biggest epilepsy society Program of the Year for us, the AES meeting, the American Epilepsy Society Meeting. That's the first week in December. So we kind of go from Thanksgiving to AES and then not too long kind of right into Christmas. So the second half of Q4 can be a little more impacted.

I guess the thing that I'd mentioned kind of on top of that, though, is even though those kind of calendarized and cadence based events have been there at different times, there are obviously different things going on in the business that can kind of cover some of that up. So I recognize that, that may not be entirely helpful in terms of building your quarterly model. But the mid-summer holidays and kind of the Thanksgiving AES Christmas period of time in Q4 for us tend to be some of the times that can be impacted a little bit more from a cadence perspective.

[Lilia-Celine Lozada, analyst]

And then just on replacement revenues. I think I heard you mention that you expect those headwinds to be strongest in the first half of the year. So should we expect those headwinds to moderate in the second half and beyond? Any color on how you're thinking about that line item growing would be helpful.

[Rebecca Kuhn, executive]

Sure. You're a very good listener, Yes. For the year as a whole, we do expect that the trend in reduced replacement revenue will continue, but that, that will be more pronounced in the first half of the year and likely to be less so in the second half of the year. I'm not sure what I can add to that exactly, but that is basically -- we've shared that before and continue to believe that, that's true.

[Operator]

Your next question comes from the line of Ross Osborn from Cantor Fitzgerald.

[Ross Osborn, analyst]

So in terms of your patient population, would be curious to see if you're seeing any traction with the hybrid use case of your RNS offering for patients that have undergone surgery?

[Joel Becker, executive]

I'm sorry, Ross, could you please just repeat that question? We broke up a little bit there.

[Ross Osborn, analyst]

Sure. Just curious if you're seeing any traction with the hybrid use case of your RNS therapy for patients that have undergone surgery?

[Joel Becker, executive]

That's a great question. And we think about that patient population in particular as part of our focus on what we call tell the modern R&S story, where, in particular, in the Level 4 comprehensive epilepsy centers in the past, I think in many cases, people would have thought about kind of traditional patient identification and selection as the classic kind of first-line therapy of resection surgery and then maybe a little bit of an either/or with neuromodulation and the reality is about 20% of patients are really ideal candidates for resection surgery and that's not mutually exclusive, in particular with RNS. And we do hear of examples and have examples of where, for example, folks were going to do a resection procedure, put the RNS device in first, and that really then further either not going to resection or the area in which they were going to resect.

And so we do see a hybrid approach as A key component of that modern RNS story where, number one, kind of the classic focal patient population. Number two, network stimulation for patients who may be multifocal origination, but then also a hybrid approach to resection therapy using [ RNS plus ] or to inform resection surgery. So that's absolutely something that we see and something that we talk about with folks when we're talking about patient identification and selection with RNS.

[Ross Osborn, analyst]

And then in terms of CARE, you mentioned implant activities are accelerating. Is it fair to assume that we should see revenue coming into the model during the second quarter? Or should we be thinking more second half of this year?

[Joel Becker, executive]

Yes. I think what we're seeing is we're seeing implant activities underway and we're seeing referral as well for patients that either do need to be referred to Level 2 or Level 4 centers for Phase II monitoring, rather, or for centers that are just getting underway aren't completely ready to do implants yet, but are referring patients they identify for implant as well. So we do expect that both our activities in terms of the pilot program activities as well as rep impact and effectiveness will expand as we go throughout the year, in particular, in the second half of the year. And so that's really what we're watching and focused on is those activities and the impact of those activities in the second half of the year.

[Operator]

Your next question comes from the line of Michael Polark from Wolfe Research.

[Michael Polark, analyst]

I just have one topic on DIXI. It's kind of more than annualized into the model now. We had a good steer as to how big it was when you did the deal. I'm not asking for the disclosure in the quarter or the guidance for the year. But I am asking about what is the long-term expectation for the DIXI product itself? Do you expect to grow this? Is this a focus of your sales force? Or is it kind of likely to run at this level and this is good.

And then if it's supposed to grow, what would be the building blocks of that growth is kind of the use case of these electrodes increasing so the market is growing? Or do you think you're taking share? Any color around that would be good because admittedly, I kind of had a good sense following this first kind of 18 months, but now I'm wondering what kind of the 3-year vision for DIXI might be.

[Joel Becker, executive]

Well, I won't comment specifically on guiding for the next three years, Mike, but I will offer you some perspective here on expectations for DIXI and those expectations are really borne out of the strategy behind having the product in the portfolio. And what we've seen in terms of clinical response and customer utilization, we absolutely expect to continue to grow DIXI as part of our growth story.

We see the use of SEEG as a growing and emerging trend in comprehensive epilepsy centers as they pursue the Phase II monitoring of these patients and we see the opportunity both to grow and develop that market as we look to leverage our presence in centers where there's significant neuromodulation presence. And we can help tell that story of SEEG usage as well as take share in places where folks are using other products for SEEG, we think DIXI has a great story to tell in terms of the products and the performance of the products.

And then when we think about the leverage that we can get from places where we have a strong presence and strong presence with those centers and those customers clinically. That's an opportunity for us to be in talking about SEEG. And in places where the DIXI product line has a strong presence. We also look for places than where that's an opportunity for us to be more present with RNS therapy as well. And so I think the overall strategy here has been that -- it's a great product for us to have in the bag, both in terms of products available to sell, but also in terms of the ability to kind of vertically integrate into the diagnostic process, move further upstream in terms of patient identification and then leverage both places where there's a strong RNS presence to having a stronger DIXI presence as well as with then strong SEEG centers that provide an opportunity for us to both grow our market as well as take share from an RNS perspective. So we think there's a lot of points of leverage there, and we expect to grow DIXI.

[Operator]

Your last question comes from the line of Drew Ranieri from Morgan Stanley.

[Andrew Ranieri, analyst]

Maybe just on your R&D strategy, I understand NAUTILUS is wrapped up, it's in follow-up now. R&D spending has like ticked up over the last few quarters, but maybe just talk to us about like what else you're spending your money there from a clinical development standpoint or even just a product development standpoint?

[Joel Becker, executive]

As you mentioned, within R&D, our investments in clinical research as well as in product research and product development. So you know and you just mentioned, we're in the middle of NAUTILUS, we've wrapped up the first part of NAUTILUS, but we're in the follow-up stage now. And obviously, that study is a significant investment for us as well as the [ Lennox-Gastaut ] study that we're involved with as well.

And then I didn't comment about it here today, but I did in our last call, mentioned investments in and focus on from a research and development perspective that we're engaged with from an AI and data monitoring and management perspective as well. And I expect to say a bit more about that going forward. But the punchline here would be that we're investing in the business, and we're working to strike that balance between optimizing investments in critical longer term as well as medium-term product development and clinical data development initiatives as well as in investing in commercial execution of the business while maintaining good operating discipline. And so I think what you're seeing from us here, if you look at the income statement, is some focused areas of investment in R&D, some expansion and investment in our commercial organization to continue to drive the top line and a real strong focus on expense control and operating discipline in all other areas.

[Andrew Ranieri, analyst]

And maybe just one on the procedure environment and diagnostic funnel environment in general. Anything that you're seeing in the first quarter into the second quarter? And anything that you would highlight?

[Joel Becker, executive]

Just with regard to Q1, in particular, I would say that we've seen and have seen here for the past few quarters, a good strong pipeline of patients and good kind of consistency and robustness of what we're seeing from individual centers and what we see from the pipeline more generally. So I think the pipeline looks good and consistent. Would you add anything to that, Rebecca?

[Rebecca Kuhn, executive]

No. I think we're pleased with what we see in the pipeline. We track patients and we placed a lot of emphasis on that. And I think we're pleased generally, we're seeing normalized [ EMU ] volumes and just where the patient pipeline is. So trends are positive.

[Operator]

Thank you. There are no further questions at this time Mr. Joel Becker. Please proceed.

[Joel Becker, executive]

Thank you, everyone, for listening to our Q1 2024 call today. As I mentioned earlier, here at NeuroPace, we're excited about and focused on the opportunity to help close the treatment gap for drug-resistant epilepsy patients by expanding access to RNS therapy. We're excited about doing so. We look forward to executing on our growth strategy and to updating everyone on our progress throughout 2024. Thank you.

[Operator]

Thank you. This concludes our conference for today. Thank you all for participating. You may all disconnect.