Kymera Therapeutics Inc

NASDAQ:KYMR

Earnings Call Analysis

Positive financial outlook and program advancements

Kymera Therapeutics reported revenue of $25.7 million for Q2 2024, mainly from its Sanofi collaboration. R&D expenses rose by 22% to $59.2 million, while G&A grew by 21% to $17.4 million. The company has a robust cash position of $702 million, providing a runway until H1 2027. Kymera aims for multiple data readouts by 2025, including oncology proof-of-concept results and Phase II data for KT-474. The company is expanding its Phase II trials with Sanofi, aiming to start Phase III more swiftly. Completion is expected in 2024, with the promise of similar or superior efficacy to current biologics in preclinical studies.

Introduction to Kymera's Vision

Kymera Therapeutics is on a mission to create innovative degrader medicines with the potential to revolutionize treatment across multiple disease areas. Their recent developments are focused on diseases that have seen limited treatment options, aiming to provide better solutions through a platform of orally active drugs that exhibit biologic-like efficacy.

Recent Financial Performance

In the second quarter of 2024, Kymera reported revenues of $25.7 million, solely attributed to the ongoing collaboration with Sanofi. However, research and development expenses increased significantly to $59.2 million, reflecting a 22% rise from the first quarter of 2024, suggesting the company is heavily investing in advancing its pipeline.

Cash Position and Future Planning

The company's cash reserves amounted to $702 million, which is expected to sustain operations into the first half of 2027. This financial position will allow the execution of multiple upcoming data readouts, including oncology proof-of-concept results anticipated in 2024.

Pipeline Progress: KT-474

Significant attention is currently on the KT-474 program, which targets IRAK4 and aims to address Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) and Atopic Dermatitis (AD). Following a recent interim analysis indicating encouraging safety and efficacy data, Sanofi has decided to expand the Phase II trials for these conditions. This expansion is anticipated to streamline the transition to Phase III studies sooner than originally projected.

Clinical Expansion: Focus on Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Recent data has shown promising activity for Kymera's STAT3 program in Hodgkin's Lymphoma, with complete responses observed in heavily pretreated patients. The ongoing focus on recruiting more Hodgkin's lymphoma patients is set to provide detailed insights into the drug’s efficacy against this challenging cancer.

Emerging Candidates and Therapeutic Areas

Kymera is not only refining its existing assets but also working towards several new programs, including the upcoming Phase I study of KT-621, a STAT6 degrader with potential applications in respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases. The expansive therapeutic scope reflects the company's strategy to address a broader range of diseases, including conditions such as IBD and COPD.

Innovation Through Combination Approaches

Kymera's investigational drugs are being developed with a biomarker-based patient selection strategy, allowing for more precise targeting of therapies. This is particularly emphasized in their approach to treating immunological disorders, where they aim to demonstrate superior efficacy compared to existing biologics while maintaining the convenience of oral administration.

Future Projections: Revenue and Clinical Data

Looking ahead, revenue expectations from collaboration with Sanofi might fluctuate as the year progresses, but stronger back-end loading is anticipated in operational spending. The adjusted cash expenditures are anticipated to continue rising as additional clinical studies commence, especially for STAT6 and TYK2, with an emphasis on data-driven development.

Concluding Remarks: Investor Sentiment

Despite heightened R&D expenses and operational investments, Kymera's innovative product pipeline and strategic partnerships position the company for potential long-term growth. The clinical successes and data within the near future are pivotal not only for validating Kymera's approach but also for attracting continued investor interest and supporting its ambitious objectives.

Earnings Call Transcript 2024-Q2

[Operator]

Good day, and welcome to the Kymera Therapeutics Second Quarter 2024 Results Call. [Operator Instructions] Please note, this event is being recorded.

I would now like to turn the conference over to Justine Koenigsberg, Head of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

[Justine Koenigsberg, executive]

Good morning, and welcome to Kymera's quarterly update call. Joining me this morning are Nello Mainolfi, President and CEO; Jared Gollob, our Chief Medical Officer; and Bruce Jacobs, our Chief Financial Officer.

Following our prepared remarks, we will open the call to questions. In order to have enough time to address everyone's questions, please limit your questions to 1 and a relevant follow-up.

Before we begin, I would like to remind you that today's discussion will include forward-looking statements about our future expectations, plans and prospects. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. A description of these risks can be found in our most recent 10-Q filed with the SEC. Any forward-looking statements speak only as of today's date, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made on today's call.

With that, I'll now turn the call over to Nello.

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

Thank you, Justine, and good morning. Every day, we take important steps towards our goal of building a fully integrated global biotechnology company, demonstrating our ability to consistently deliver first and best-in-class programs that target validated pathways with the potential to address large underserved disease areas. The progress we've made over the past quarter highlights our novel approach to drug development that emphasizes innovative molecular design, fidelity of translation from preclinical settings to the clinic, data-driven development strategies and the commitment to maximize the impact of our signed to improve patients' lives.

Our unique approach has led to the development of a pipeline of exciting degrader medicines with the potential to change treatment paradigms for multiple diseases as evident in our recent updates and presentations at major medical congresses and publication in peer-review journals over the past few months. Our static program, for example, was featured at both ATS and DDW, MDM2 at ASCO and STAT3 at AACR and EHA. In addition, we published data from our noninterventional trial, evaluating IRAK4 expression in patients with HS in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology. The findings we've shared across these forums highlight the differentiated profile of our programs.

Before handing the call over to Jared for a more detailed overview, I wanted to highlight 2 important updates in our immunology pipeline. I will start with our IRAK4 program. As a reminder, KT-474, IRAK4 degrader partnered with Sanofi, the first heterobifunctional molecule to have been dosed in healthy volunteers and then HS and AD patients. We have shown in our Phase I study TYK degradation of IRAK4 in blood and skin resulting in impact on biomarkers of inflammation, both systemically and in the skin of HS and AD patients. This robust PD profile has resulted in clinical benefits measured by easy and provided scores in AD and highest score in [indiscernible] in HS. KT-474, has likely been the most studied degrader in a Phase I setting.

Last month, we announced after an interim review of safety and efficacy of the ongoing HS and AD Phase II trials that Sanofi intends to expand both of these trials with a goal to accelerate the path registration of Phase III studies for both HS and AD. The impact of these expansions effectively allows us to transition seamlessly into more expansive dose-range finding Phase II studies. As a result, while the modified Phase II trials will be larger and extended, the expectation is that we will -- this will enable a direct transition into Phase III more quickly than anticipated.

Staying with immunology, we've been talking about the concept of oral degraders with biologics like activity, a unique value proposition for Kymera's platform in this attractive therapeutic area. Our static program best exemplifies this concept. Dupilumab is a drug that has transformed the lives of almost 1 million patients with Th2 diseases. And in doing so, it has become with sales that are projected to reach 20 billion a mega blockbuster, and one of the largest drugs in this industry. At Kymera, we have developed an oral degrader death by targeting STAT6, the selective transcription factor of the IL-4/13 pathway is able to block the pathway in a similar or superior way.

In fact, we've shown in preclinical studies that are orally active picomolar STAT6 degrader, KT-621 is more prudent than dupilumab at blocking Th2 signaling in cell systems and equal or superior blocking Th2 inflammation in preclinical disease models. Overall, the preclinical data generated to date demonstrates the opportunity for KT-621 with best impact way potential given its dupilumab like activity and the convenience of an oral pill. We believe that a paradigm shifting oral drug with this profile has the potential to change how Th2 diseases, such as AD, Asthma, COPD and others can be treated. Our mission is not only to target the patients that are currently on biologics, but the more than 100 million patients that are not currently on biologics. And by doing so, we have the potential to change millions of lives around the globe.

We're excited to start our KT-621 Phase I trial soon. We usually don't comment on the status of our results of ongoing IND-enabling studies, but since one of the most frequently asked questions we receive is the current status of the program, I wanted to provide a brief update. Very happy to say that we have completed all of the IND enabling studies with no safety findings of any kind. Kidding point in our GLP toxicology studies at all doses tested, we did not see an adverse events at any time. This is an important milestone for the program for Kymera and hopefully, for millions of patients in the future. With those activities behind us, the next update you should expect will be when we dose our first subject. And importantly, we look forward to sharing the Phase I results in the first half of 2025.

I would like Jared to share more details on our programs, and then I'll be happy to take questions. Jared?

[Jared Gollob, executive]

Thanks, Nello. Starting with KT-474. As mentioned, last month, we announced Sanofi's decision to expand the ongoing Phase II studies in HS and AD, following an interim analysis of KT-474 safety and efficacy by an independent data monitoring committee. This exciting development is a great outcome for Kymera and our IRAK4 program. Importantly, it not only reinforces Sanofi's strong commitment to the program, but also provides the potential to inform future registrational trials in a way that should accelerate overall time lines.

But just to step back, the expansion effectively will allow a seamless transition into more expansive dose-range finding Phase II studies. The goal is really to structure the studies with the necessary regulatory perspective to enable dose selection for Phase III. While it will take longer to complete Phase II, these 2 expanded Phase II trials in HS and AD, will support moving directly to Phase III. Therefore, the overall time lines to Phase III and ultimately, to registration should be meaningfully shorter. Since the update last month, Sanofi is undertaking activities to update the protocols. And once this work is complete, we expect the new details will be posted on clinicaltrials.gov. Once that happens, we will be able to discuss updated timing related to trial completion and data releases.

As a result, we expect the Phase II results, which will be shared in their entirety following this expansion, will be beyond our prior guidance of the first half of 2025. As Nello mentioned, KT-621, our first-in-class STAT6 degrader has the potential to be a once-daily oral medicine, capable of delivering dupilumab-like activity and safety in highly prevalent allergic diseases. We recently presented additional data at the ATS conference that demonstrated activity of KT-621 comparable to a saturating dose of the IL-4 alpha antibody dupilumab in an asthma efficacy model, including robust inhibition of all the tested cytokines, chemokines and cell infiltrates involved in Th2 inflammation in asthma. The data also demonstrated reduced disease severity in the lungs after low daily oral doses of KT-621 comparable to dupilumab.

I should also note, as Nello mentioned, that KT-621 was well tolerated in our preclinical testing now in both non-GLP and GLP tox studies with no adverse events at any doses. We look forward to presenting additional KT-621 preclinical data in a poster session next month at EADV, the largest international meeting in Europe for dermatology. We remain on track to commence a Phase I single and multiple ascending dose clinical study of KT-621 in healthy subjects in the coming months with data expected in the first half of 2025. We plan to share more details around our development plans for Phase 1 and beyond when we provide additional updates on the program later this year. Founding out our immunology pipeline, we unveiled our first-in-class oral TYK2 degrader KT-294 at our R&D Day. We have shown that small molecule inhibitors do not block all the scaffolding functions of TYK2 and therefore, are not able to replicate the TYK2 loss of function profile.

In addition, small molecule inhibitors cannot block the catalytic function fully at steady state. The opportunity for this program with depletion of TYK2 is not to just have a drug that is incrementally better than TYK2 small molecule inhibitors, but to bring to patients an oral biologic-like pathway blocker and thereby deliver a best-in-class agent for conditions like IBD, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and lupus among others. For this program, we expect to initiate and complete Phase I testing in 2025. In summary, these time lines put us in a position to share Phase I data for our 2 new immunology programs, STAT6 and TYK2 in 2025, which is shaping up to be a very busy and exciting year for Kymera.

Moving to oncology. This also has been a busy stretch for our 2 clinical programs, KT-253, and KT-333 targeting MDM2 and STAT3, respectively. We've recently shared updates demonstrating the disease-modifying impact of these degraders at ASCO and EHA, highlighted by major responses in liquid and solid tumors. In addition to the clinical activity that has been demonstrated, we have been particularly encouraged by tolerability, which has exceeded our expectations in both cases. That has resulted in our ability to escalate to higher dose levels than expected.

As a reminder, MDM2 is an oncogenic protein that modulates the most common tumor suppressor p53. While small molecule inhibitors have been developed to stabilize and upregulate p53 expression, they have been unable to show meaningful clinical benefits of p53 stabilization with acceptable safety margins. We believe this is likely due to their inability to overcome a feedback loop that increases MDM2 protein levels when p53 is up regulated. Due to its differentiated mechanism, KT-253 has shown the ability to overcome the MDM2 feedback loop and rapidly induce apoptosis with brief exposures in preclinical studies. This provides an opportunity for an improved efficacy and safety profile.

We're encouraged by the data emerging from the KT-253 Phase I dose escalation trial. In our ASCO poster in June, we provided a clinical update from 24 patients as of April 9. That update included 16 patients in Arm A with solid tumors or lymphomas up to dose level 5, and 8 patients in Arm B with high-grade myeloid malignancies up to dose level 3. We demonstrated potent upregulation of p53 pathway biomarkers and signs of antitumor activity in multiple tumor types shown to be sensitive in preclinical models, including responses in 1 or 2 evaluable patients with Merkel cell carcinoma and 2 of 2 patients with post myeloproliferative neoplasm acute myeloid leukemia, at doses that were well tolerated without the traditional hematological toxicity seen with small molecule inhibitors.

Dose escalation in the Phase III clinical trial is ongoing, and we expect to complete enrollment in the second half of 2024, and subsequently to share the Phase Ia data set and guidance on next steps. Separately, we expect to present our biomarker-based patient selection strategy for the next phase of KT-253 development at a medical meeting later this year. In June, we provided a clinical update on our STAT3 program at the European Hematology Association Annual Meeting. KT-333 is a potent highly selective degrader of STAT3 and the first heterobifunctional degrader against a historically undrugged transcription factor to enter the clinic. The poster provided a clinical update as of June 3 from 47 patients enrolled through 7 dose levels with a mean of 9.1 doses.

We are encouraged by the data generated to date, showing strong target knockdown in blooded tumor, induction of interferon gamma response in blood and tumor and signed a preliminary clinical efficacy in lymphomas at tolerated doses. Preclinically, we've seen robust single-agent activity in T and NK-cell lymphomas as well as a strong genetic rationale for why staff retargeting should be active in Hodgkin's lymphoma. This has translated well in the clinic in terms of the antitumor responses we have seen in Hodgkin's lymphoma, CTCL and NK-cell lymphoma. We believe the emerging data in Hodgkin's lymphoma patients is particularly intriguing with complete responses in 2 of 3 heavily pretreated patients who had progressed after prior checkpoint inhibitor therapy and anti-CD30 ADC, enabling subsequent potentially curative stem cell transplants.

Because we do not see strong signals or preclinical activity as a single agent in solid tumors, it's not been surprising that we have observed only stable disease in a handful of solid tumor patients enrolled into the trial. However, we have seen activity in syngeneic mouse solid tumor models in combination with anti-PD-1 drugs. This is likely driven by STAT3's immunomodulatory mechanism, which we believe provides an opportunity for combination with anti-PD1 in both solid tumor and Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. Given the activity we've observed in Hodgkin's lymphoma, which includes the 2 aforementioned complete responses, we are focused on enrollment of additional Hodgkin's lymphoma patients to further explore the very encouraging activity we've seen there.

We believe there is also an opportunity for future expansion into solid tumors in combination with anti-PD1 and other targeted therapies. We expect to complete enrollment of this study and share data in the second half of 2024. We look forward to keeping you updated on all our preclinical and clinical programs.

Before we take questions, I'll hand the discussion to Bruce to review our second quarter financial results.

[Bruce Jacobs, executive]

Thank you, Jared. As I review our second quarter 2024 financial highlights, please reference the tables found in today's press release. Revenue in the second quarter of 2024 was $25.7 million. All of that was attributable to our Sanofi collaboration. With respect to operating expenses, R&D for the quarter was $59.2 million. Of that, approximately $7.3 million represented noncash stock-based compensation. The adjusted cash R&D spend of $51.9 million, which excludes that stock-based comp reflects a 22% increase from the comparable amount in the first quarter of 2024.

On the G&A side, our spending for the quarter was $17.4 million, of which $7.1 million was noncash stock-based comp. The adjusted cash G&A spend of $10.3 million, again, excluding stock-based comp, reflects a 21% increase from the comparable amount in the prior quarter. Finishing up with our cash balance at the end of the quarter was $702 million. Our cash balance is expected to provide a runway into the first half of 2027, and will enable us to execute on multiple data readouts, including oncology proof-of-concept results in 2024, KT-474, Phase II data and several clinical inflection points for our STAT6 and TYK2 programs expected in 2025.

This concludes our prepared remarks, and we would be happy to now address any questions you may have. Operator?

[Operator]

[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Eric Joseph with JPMorgan.

[Eric Joseph, analyst]

Just wondering if you could elaborate a little bit further on the type of data you and Sanofi were able to review as part of their decision to expand the Phase II program. I'm wondering whether safety -- whether it was just based on safety or whether there was an efficacy component or some surrogate thereof. And I know that there are some moving parts to work through here. But I guess, do you have a loose sense of when there could be -- when we might see data from the Phase II trial after it's expanded and whether there might be interim readouts within?

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

Yes. Thanks for the question, Eric. So the -- so there was an interim analysis of both safety and efficacy, as we said. And as we've said, the companies, both Sanofi and Kymera had access to the blinded data there was IDMC that had access to both blinded and unwinded data. I can't speak to, again, the content of the review or the questions that were asked. But obviously, what we should conclude from this update that we provided a few weeks ago, and now we're obviously highlighting again is that the review of the data was supportive of further investment into the program.

Don't forget that this is one of the few programs in the pipeline where Sanofi is running multiple phase and studies in parallel without having previously run a proof-of-concept study in a placebo-controlled manner. So it speaks again, I think, to the level of enthusiasm that we both have for this program. With regards to time lines, we hopefully, we'll be able to see an update on clinicaltrials.gov in the next -- in the upcoming months, and that will include also expected completion dates. And at that time, we should be able -- we will be able to comment on the time lines.

As we said -- Jared said earlier, it's going to be beyond the first half of '25 that was initially guided to. But at this point, we're not able to provide more accurate guidance.

[Operator]

Our next question comes from Jeff Jones with Oppenheimer.

[Jeffrey Jones, analyst]

Just a quick one on the R&D and G&A trends. Obviously, picked up significantly from the prior quarter with the extensive work you have going on. Just how should we think about the trends there? And then a follow-up as well on the jump in collaboration revenues from Sanofi. How should we think about that moving forward?

[Bruce Jacobs, executive]

Yes, sure. This is Bruce. Jeff. Thanks for the call. So in terms of the trends, there's nothing unusual there in terms of the growth quarter-over-quarter versus what we had expected. As the year progresses, obviously, we get closer to the start of the studies for STAT6, you'll see that come through in the R&D line. G&A is just modest growth either organization. We haven't guided towards annual burn, typically don't. But last as I looked at the street, they're generally in the right ballpark. But definitely for this year, a little more back-end loaded than front-end loaded. And that's typically how our care years have gone and represented what you'll see this year.

In terms of the revenue, there was just a catch-up in revenue related to the Sanofi alliance, all the revenue is a result of that. So that resulted in a higher level this quarter, but I think it will be a little unusually high vis-a-vis the rest of the year, and you can do some calculations based on the deferred revenue balances on our balance sheet for how you might look over the coming year or so. So hopefully, that helps a little bit happy to take more offline as well if you'd like.

[Operator]

Our next question comes from Kelly Shi with Jefferies.

[Dingding Shi, analyst]

Congrats on the progress. Maybe I'll start STAT6 program based on the multiple preclinical studies you have presented findings please? With your comment on more specific plans for the Phase I? Would it be like a single indication or multiple indications to all that this area has been made on the discoveries from preclinical studies, which one to prioritize?

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

Yes, thanks. Maybe I'll let Jared comment on the Phase I plans. We haven't describe the details of our plans before the healthy volunteers. I think maybe just to remind what we -- the update that we're giving today on the program is really on the fact that we were able actually to accelerate our path to Phase I, and we're able to conclude and complete our IND-enabling studies. And so we are on track, if not earlier, compared to what we have said to start the Phase I study.

Maybe Jared, you can provide some high-level description of our healthy volunteer studies.

[Jared Gollob, executive]

Yes. So Phase I healthy volunteer study, being in healthy volunteers, we expect to be able to move through it quickly. It will be a traditional single ascending dose and multiple ascending dose Phase I study, the MAD portion will consist of 14 daily doses. Within that study as we did for the IRAK4 Phase I, we'll have a number of different pharmacodynamic measures which will be critical to that study in addition to looking at safety. And those measures will include looking at STAT6 for example, in blood and skin.

And also importantly, we'll have an opportunity to look at several different Th2 biomarkers in the circulation, in particular, to be able to look at IgE and TARC, giving us an opportunity to show impact on the biology of the IF IL-13 pathway even in healthy volunteers.

[Operator]

Our next question comes from Vikram Purohit with Morgan Stanley.

[Vikram Purohit, analyst]

We had 2 on the I&I pipeline. First on 474, just wanted to get your latest thoughts on when we can learn more from yourself and Sanofi on indication expansion beyond HS and AD and what might be flowing into those decisions? And then secondly, for the TYK2 program, just wanted to see how you're thinking about indication expansion or indication selection rather, I mean, how broad do you think the development program could be? And what will you be looking for in the initial Phase I data to help make those decisions?

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

Yes. Thanks, Vikram. So on the 474, as we said in the past, we believe this pathway has relevance in a broad variety of diseases. Our initial foray is in skin and derm. So with HS and AD again, based on pathway agents with existing proof of concept, we expect this pathway in this target to be relevant in respiratory in both asthma and COPD in GI inflammation, IBD as well as traditional, let's say, rheumatology, both RA and lupus. So the opportunities are vast.

As we've communicated in the past, there is a process that has been ongoing within the collaboration to prioritize a series of indications that the team has the team has done. And I -- again, I cannot speak for Sanofi, who will be -- have the final decision-making on this. But all I can say is that the recent update and what we have seen, I think, continues to support the enthusiasm around the program and the potential eventual expansion. I'll leave it to Sanofi to speak to the timing of that. But I will say that at least we're getting closer to, hopefully, that decision.

With regard to TYK2, again, as Jared said earlier, this program is really for us an opportunity to provide an oral molecule with biologics like profile and actually unique biologic-like profile. If you think about this pathway is involved in IL-23 or 12 and type 1 interferon and being able to block those 3 pathways fully with a single oral small molecule should provide a highly differentiated profile. So there's lots of potential diseases that one could go after. The ones that others have gone after psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, IBD, lupus, obviously are up there. There are potentially others that could be interesting. I think our goal will be in Phase I study to demonstrate that our mechanism of action is able to show food blockade of these pathways unlike any other agents that has been tested so far, and then our plan would be to do a proof-of-concept in an indication that will actually demonstrate the differentiated profile. But we'll speak with more details about that once we're closer to -- for Phase I studies.

[Operator]

Our next question comes from Brad Canino with Stifel.

[Bradley Canino, analyst]

Two for me. First, and Nello just talk about this a little bit. But given the recent external news, can you discuss the confidence of TYK2 as a tractable target for IBD? And then second, maybe a bit of a strategy question, but years ago before this named pipeline really evolved to the shape it is today. I mean you actually highlighted a lot of the discovery efforts at Kymera. And I just want to pull back and ask, how would you characterize the degree of discovery efforts now? What are some of the areas of focus? And how do you maintain that while also asking a lot of questions individually and collectively across the clinical pipeline today?

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

Thank you. Jared, why don't you -- you want to take the first question, I'll take the second one.

[Jared Gollob, executive]

Sure. Yes. In terms of your question around our approach to targeting TYK2 and our expectations for activity in IBD. I mean there have been some challenges with the TYK2 small molecule inhibitors to show activity in IBD. [indiscernible] for example, part of that might be due to the fact that while it's hitting, say, IL-12, IL-23 because it's also not selective just for TYK2, it's also hitting JAK, it's also probably affecting IL-10 which can be a real problem in IBD because if you block IL-10, you're going to interfere with mucosal healing, which is going to be an important component than any sort of therapeutic where you don't interfere with that.

So we think one of the real advantages of our TYK2 degrader is that we can maximally block the key inflammatory pathways, IL-12, IL-23 and type 1 interferon, while at the same time, completely sparing IL-10 [ sickling ]. And we think that, that will be a distinct advantage for our approach in this disease, and that's why we anticipate being able to show activity in IBD as well as in the other indications that Nello was discussing earlier, including the derma indications like psoriasis and room indications like lupus.

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

Yes. And just maybe to add a small statement on the recent data. I think it's important to look at the profile of the molecule tested and their activity, blocking the relevant pathways. And so it's difficult, as you know well, Brad, to compare or to use the other trials as a testament to the value of that biology in that particular disease without taking into the context of the actual molecule profile.

With regards to the discovery efforts, I think one thing that we've been consistent with Kymera has been the focus on pathways that have high degree of validation, and within those pathways we're just going after targets that have not been drug of drug well. And I think if you look at the type of targets that we've gone after, what comes -- what really rises to the top are 2 main classes, transcription factors, and we have STAT3 and STAT6 as an example, or scaffolding protein IRAK4 TYK2. And I believe that general -- the general philosophy will continue to be the same. As we mentioned earlier in the year, we have increased substantially our effort to immunology. Again, we've talked about STAT6 with an amazing profile so far, we've talked about TYK2 with great potential. We've talked about IRAK4 for years now.

You'll hear about new programs, hopefully, as early as next year, again, in the context of difficult to drug or impossible to drug targets with other modalities within the same immunology landscape. I think our goal and our vision and I have the highest degree of confidence where I sit today, is that we will have the best in industry oral immunology pipeline, if we don't already have that. And I think that's what the world should expect for us in the next few months and years.

[Operator]

Our next question comes from Marc Frahm with TD Cowen.

[Marc Frahm, analyst]

Maybe one quick one on oncology. Just the 253 upticking. Can you clarify, is the data presentation this year, just the biomarker approach? Or should we also expect the kind of the full clinical update this year to happen this year? Or is that going to be a next year event? And then maybe a broader question kind of on the I&I portfolio and just kind of Kymera's approach. Do you guys view the oral convenience of your molecule is so important that it's acceptable to develop molecules that end up having clinical profiles are maybe not quite as good as the leading injectables? Or is it the idea here that you really have to show every bit as much efficacy, if not more, than kind of anything that's out there?

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

So on your first question, what we've said is we've been talking for a while about our commitment to share a biomarker-based strategy for forward-looking recruitment strategy for 253 and MDM2 based on sensitivity biomarker so we will hopefully be able to share that this year at a medical meeting. What we said about our clinical data is our plan and our expectations are that we should be able to complete total escalation this year. As you know, that is -- doesn't depend only on us, but it depends on also the safety profile of our drug and how many doses would be required to reach MTD. As you've seen for STAT3, we actually ended up escalating probably more than we had anticipated because the safety profile was better than we had anticipated based on our preclinical data.

And so for MDM2, again, our desire to share the totality of the escalation data. And so the reason why we're seeing, we shared thereafter that we complete the escalation. It all depends on when we complete the escalation. We expect that we should be able to do that by the end of the year, but it will depend again on the safety profile and the timing to reach MTD. The trial is recruiting extremely fast. And so that recruitment of patients is definitely not on critical path. It's really the profile of the drug.

With regards to the immunology pipeline, I mean, I think we've said it early in the year, we have selected targets that are able to be superior to evolve, actually, I should say, or superior at blocking those pathways than upstream biologics. That is actually true for IRAK4, which should be superior to individual upstream [ IL-1 ] biologics even that you should be able to block the pathway fully. And so I have a clinical activity at the combined [ Iowa ] family [indiscernible] blockers. It is true for STAT6 and dupilumab, we've shown that we can park the pathway the same way. We'll hopefully also will be able to show that in the clinic for TYK2 for the TYK2 program. So I think what we are trying to do, which is unprecedented in the history of immunology development is to have an oral drug that does not compromise on efficacy. That is our goal. Again, compared to on pathway biologics.

And so again, I think that is the easiest example to outline. We believe based on the biology that we have experimented and have shown so far that we can block the pathway just as well as dupilumab, which is the IRAK4 receptor a blocker. And so we expect the clinical profile in terms of pathway blockade that resulted in clinical activity to be at least as good as dupilumab. So I think we've historically had to compromise on efficacy with an oral drug. We are trying to say here for the past few months that our ambition is that, that will not be the case anymore. And that's really the -- when we say paradigm shift, which is a concept that has been raised also by the broader community with our programs is just about that. It's the ability to actually change how we think about what should patients take as a drug that suffered from these diseases. And I think that our programs can change the paradigm.

[Operator]

Our next question comes from Kalpit Patel with B. Riley.

[Kalpit Patel, analyst]

You mentioned the expansion of the IRAK4 trials also includes testing of additional doses. Maybe help us understand the decision-making for that specifically and why more doses need to be tested now. And as a follow-up, if you can share. Can you give us any additional color if the new doses are outside of the 50 to 200-milligram daily dose range?

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

Great question, Kalpit. So as you know, in order to initiate a Phase III -- registrational Phase III study, it is expected from a sponsor to have a degree of dose ranging to establish the relationship between efficacy and safety. And so if you look at the existing, let's use HS Phase II study that we -- there is actually still now clinicaltrials.gov, that actually had 1 dose and 1 placebo. It would have been extremely difficult, if not impossible, to go from that type of study into a Phase III registrational study without exploring multiple doses. So that's what's driving the addition of other doses is the acceleration of getting into -- after this study into a Phase III study.

With regards to the type of doses, again, we're not in liberty to actually comment. I would also point to that actually in Europe, actually, the doses are revealed much sooner than in the U.S. So if you do some investigative work, you it's not that hard to figure out what the existing dose versus the new doses will be, but maybe I'll stop here. What I will say is that the doses will be within the range that you say. And unfortunately, I can't comment more on where they would be.

[Operator]

Our next question comes from Michael Schmidt with Guggenheim.

[Paul Jeng, analyst]

This is Paul on for Michael. Just following up on a prior question on STAT6. Can you talk about how we should interpret that early biomarker data coming out of the healthy volunteers next year? For instance, is there a certain threshold of [indiscernible] or toric production that you're hoping to see? Or is there any directional and dose-dependent reductions sufficient to give you confidence in that program? And then just as a follow-up, is the goal here just to establish proof of concept? Or could the PD data actually guide your thinking on target indication prioritization?

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

Yes. No, great question, Paul. So let me start with -- so obviously, we built a really robust preclinical package, right? We've shown in vitro first that we degrade this target fully with picomolar concentrations, in all relevant cell types. When I say relevant, I mean, cell types, human cell types, they are relevant to all these Th2 diseases, whether it's respiratory, derm GI. We've shown that if you look at pathway inhibition, so IL-4/13 biology downstream of the receptor, we're able to block that pathway actually more potently than dupilumab. If we go in vivo, we've shown either in a topic term model or more translationally in the asthma model, that's a 30-day HDM model, we've shown that with 90% degradation of STAT6, we have an ability to block a plethora of Th2 biomarker as well as disease endpoints either equally or better than DUPIXENT.

So we've shown preclinically in terms of pharmacology that this drug behaves like a very, very robust, probably best-in-class pathway inhibitor. We've also shown the safety profile to be so far, absolutely pristine, which we talked about early in the year, in January about that we haven't seen any adverse events in our non-GLP tox. Today, we're seeing as an update that even going through GLP tox, we haven't seen any adverse events in any doses that we've tested. So also the safety profile is quite compelling. So the goal of the Phase I study is to demonstrate that everything that we've done so far in preclinical species or at least most of the things that we've done in preclinical species, replicated human.

And importantly is the PK that leads to a dose-dependent and robust degradation in blood and skin. And then we're using the biomarker that DUPIXENT has modulated. To just confirm, to be honest, it's totally expected, but confirm in humans that blocking STAT6 will lead to downstream biomarker changes, which, again, we've shown extensively in all sorts of preclinial models. If you look at the data that the pics that have shown, and I encourage everybody to kind of study that so they were aligned on expectations. You've seen that we do -- you can reduce the TARC also IgE in 28 days. And so if you look at the data, somewhere between 20% and 40%, depending on the biomarker that you use. Again, it shows that there is a pathway in ambition even in healthy volunteers that don't have ongoing inflammation.

And so it's a confirmation of target engagement. I don't believe we will use that data for any decision-making with regards to indication, given that those are again qualitative biomarker in a healthy volunteer population. Our goal will be to go in patients soon thereafter to establish a more robust both proof of mechanism and good [ fund ].

[Operator]

Our next question comes from Ellie Merle with UBS.

[Jasmine Fels, analyst]

This is Jasmine on for Ellie. We have 2 in oncology. So for STAT3, could you give a little more color and talk about your view on the potential opportunity in Hodgkin's lymphoma? And then secondly, on your MDM2 strategy, specifically in solid tumors, are we going to hear an update on this when you give your biomarker patient selection update this year? And just based on the mechanism of action, what can you say about what you see as the most applicable set of solid tumors?

[Jared Gollob, executive]

Yes, maybe starting with your question on STAT3 and Hodgkin's. We've reported that we've seen complete responses in Hodgkin's lymphoma in patients who have been gone on to hopefully, curative transplant. So that very encouraging data and Hodgkin's is consistent with what is known about the genetics of Hodgkin's disease, where there's amplification of PD-L1 as well as JAK amplification, both of which would render those tumors potentially responsive to STAT3 targeting.

So as we've guided previously, with the Phase I study, we have now completed dose escalation and enrollment now is really focused on enrolling additional Hodgkin's patients. We see there being several different development opportunities for the drug. If we continue to see the sort of activity that we've seen to date. Those include opportunities for the drug as a monotherapy in third line and beyond. So for patients who have had prior anti-PD-1 drugs or prior anti-CD30 ADC, and also a potential opportunity up line in second line in combination with anti-PD-1. So I think it would be very interesting in terms of what we see for the remainder of the study this year, we plan on reporting data later this year once we've completed enrollment, of those additional Hodgkin's patients that can provide both efficacy and safety update at that time.

With regard to MDM2 and patient selection, I think Nello referred to this earlier, we have had an ongoing extensive effort preclinically to identify different solid tumor types that are specifically sensitive to the degrader mechanism of action. And we've been in the process of developing a biomarker signature of sensitivity using various solid tumor models. And our plan is to present later this year at a medical meeting, an update so that people can see sort of what those preclinical data are showing and how those are potentially guiding, how we plan to further enrich for certain solid tumor types for the MDM2 degrader program. So stay tuned for that presentation, hopefully later this year, where we can provide more details on what that biomarker strategy is going to look like.

[Operator]

Our next question comes from Andy Chen with Wolfe Research.

[Unknown Analyst]

This is [ Brent ] on for Andy. Congrats on the progress thus far. Would you mind -- can you please discuss some of the challenges in creating the STAT6 degrader? Where the hurdles you were first developing it? And if another to greater company puts their mind to it, how quickly could they discover -- go from discovery stage to IND and how difficult would that process be?

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

Great question. So first, I would say that STAT6 has been a target that has been on the priority list of the biopharma industry that I can at least remember for the past 10 years since the early proof of concept of dupilumab and this pathway relevant to Th2 inflammation. And I believe that most pharma companies have had an effort in this space. But we have spent years working on this program. We're not going to talk about details. But at some point, we will. And the [ tax ] and breadth of work that we've done in STAT6 and our ambition to own this target completely from all points of view of pharmacological blockade of STAT6, I think it's what's fundamentally driving all the effort that we've had so far.

This is one of the best molecule we've made at Kymera in the past 8 years. And I think it's going to be difficult to compete both timing and quality with Kymera, given everything that we've shown so far, but I can speak to what it will take others. I don't know the capabilities that other companies have. I know that there is nobody, there is no company that is a clinical stage or almost clinical stages we are. And I haven't seen any data from any other company. So it's hard for me to comment on the competition.

[Operator]

Our next question comes from Kripa Devarakonda with Truist.

[Srikripa Devarakonda, analyst]

Just following up on the previous question regarding STAT6 degrader. One of your peers is developing, it's not like you said, Nello, it's not in the -- anywhere close to the clinic, but they're developing a stactic degrader in collaboration with Sanofi. So from a big funnel perspective, obviously, they're trying to cost a wide net. But can you help us understand how Sanofi's collaboration can develop -- potentially develop a STAT6 degrader might or might not impact your collaboration for IRAK4 degrader? Do you think there could be any overlap?

And then just a clarification on the KT-474 dose expansion that you announced, you're adding more patients, expanding the doses. It seems like you've talked about there being an acceleration towards Phase III study. Can you just clarify whether this has been discussed with the FDA already?

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

Yes. So thanks for the question. So on the first one, we -- Kymera and Sanofi have obviously different goals and different strategies to accomplish their goals. And we come together around IRAK4. But we -- everything else that we do as independent companies is obviously independent of each other. We know, obviously, we're aware that Sanofi is highly interested in the STAT6 impact. Sanofis are only competitor in the STAT6 world as they have licensed called the STAT6 agents that are available out there, given that ours isn't.

And so that's -- I think from one point of view, if we need it, personally, I don't think we do, but to validate how important this target is and how valuable this target is for any company, again, given the Sanofi is at 2 collaborations with 2 modalities for the same target, right, a small molecule inhibitor and integrated. But we are -- we have a very strong relationship. We have an amazing team that works on 474 on both hands. And we don't believe, don't expect that our, let's say, our STAT6 competition will have any impact on 474.

With regards to the doses that you've asked about -- so the goal for the expansion, as we said, is in order to accelerate the entry [ N3 ] into a registrational study. And I think the -- I don't know if -- what was the specific question discussing there? Yes. So with regard to -- thank you, Jared. With regard to the FDA, I can't comment on that. Obviously, whenever there is a protocol amendment, there is a process. But given that Sanofi is the official sponsor, they're in charge of that particular path.

[Operator]

Our next question comes from Chris Shibutani with Goldman Sachs.

[Chris Shibutani, analyst]

Many questions have been asked. Perhaps 2 on the bigger picture side, one, thinking about additional immunology indications from your R&D day started the year, you had a slide that included. The end market opportunities being very vast in some of the traditional indications like MS and rheumatoid arthritis, it would seem that there's a lot of existing therapies, combinations tend to be the playbook and the industry is also looking to figure out how to better identify patients, patient selection strategies. And my questions are twofold. One, how are you feeling about the potential to expand into CNS type indications, noting that degraders are small molecules, but larger?

And number two, how are you starting to thread in patient selection strategies in terms of thinking about how you can enhance probabilities of success? I know that Sanofi is in control of the advanced clinical development, but is there any scientific work biomarker data that is helping inform what you think might be a way to sell out a better sort of patient population to study to enhance your success there?

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

Yes. Thanks, Chris. So I mean, this is front and center of what we do here at Kymera. I think our work with STAT6 and the ability to select patients with Th2 inflammation that in a way, although it's -- obviously something that comes with the mechanism, it's one of the few examples of targeted therapy in immunology. As you know, the example with DUPIXENT in eosinophilic asthma and COPD are just an example of how you can actually now prospectively select patients for this population.

I'll address one more and then I'll let Jared comment also what we do in terms of patient selection. But on the brain on the CNS angle. I think we and others, I would say, have demonstrated extensively that degraders can access the CNS compartment. We have internal examples, several internal examples that we've shown preclinically. So I don't -- we -- the choice of going into CNS indications will be driven by the mechanism, the opportunity, the -- again, the unmet need and led by capability or the ability of the technology.

Jared, do you want to comment a bit on, generally on target side?

[Jared Gollob, executive]

Maybe in terms of on the patient selection sort of question, is applied to IRAK4 and the STAT6 and I think the TYK2 as well. I think it's a very important question, but I think it's also important to emphasize that our expectations regarding the activity of these oral degraders is that we should not have to narrow the patient population upfront in order to be competitive. If we are as active as upstream biologics, we believe that these drugs could be approved and used upfront for very broad populations of patients across these very large indications for STAT6 and IRAK4 and TYK2.

With that being said, we are building in to our studies. We did this with IRAK4 and certainly, we're doing this with STAT6 and TYK2. To extensive pharmacodynamic assays in Phase I and Phase II that include proteomics and [ transcytomic ] on blood and also, for example, on skin lesions for patients with skin diseases when they come on to our study, whether it be AD for STAT6 or psoriasis, potentially for TYK2. That will allow us to retrospectively look at these various proteomic and transcytomic profiles because that help us understand whether there are patient subsets that might be benefiting even to a greater extent than the broader population, and that might be important in helping us differentiate from other therapeutics.

[Operator]

This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Nello Mainolfi for any closing remarks.

[Nello Mainolfi, executive]

Thank you. So I just want to thank everybody. Actually, we made it almost the 9:30. So maybe just to highlight the key news of today, one which we had shared a few weeks ago on the expansion of the 474 Phase II programs in HS and AD. We're very excited and thankful to Sanofi for their increased investment and confidence in the program. And then more recently, the news of today was they know we're really, really close to initiating our Phase I study with KT-621 and especially, showing that we've completed all the IND-enabling studies with great safety profile.

And so we're really excited about updating you all next time on our progress towards our first incumbent in those that should happen soon. So thanks again. We're available with any follow-up today.

[Operator]

The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.