Golden Ocean Group Ltd

NASDAQ:GOGL

Earnings Call Transcript 2023-Q1

[Operator]

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by and welcome to the Q1 2023 Golden Ocean Group Limited Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] I would now like to hand the conference over to the CEO, Ulrik Andersen. Please go ahead, sir.

[Ulrik Andersen, Chief Executive Officer]

Ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon. It’s my pleasure to welcome you to Golden Ocean’s quarterly release presentation. Thank you very much for tuning in. In today’s call, we follow our usual procedure. Peder Simonsen, Golden Ocean’s CFO, will talk us through the financial highlights. And hereafter, I will be discussing the market and the outlook for the company. Towards the end, I will also offer some insight into how our decarbonization journey is developing. So in the next 15 to 20 minutes, you will see that, one, despite a weak first quarter, the gradual recovery of China is on and combined with a seasonal uplift, it provides momentum for a strong freight rate environment for the rest of the year. Two, our fuel efficient fleet continues to outperform the benchmark indices significantly. And finally, three, we will show how Golden Ocean has invested in reducing emissions and reducing fuel cost while future-proofing the company.

With that, let’s take a look at the main highlights for the quarter. In Q1, we recorded an adjusted EBITDA of $55 million, which resulted in a net loss of $9 million or $0.04 per share. We achieved average net TCE rates of $13,600 per day for the Capesizes and $16,600 per day for the Panamaxes. Like the last four quarters, these earnings are well above the benchmark indices. The fleet made $4,900 per day per vessel more than the market everyday throughout the quarter. Our modern fuel-efficient fleet, fixed paying contracts and scrubbers drive the premiums.

Rate guidance. And looking at this quarter, Q2, we have so far secured $20,000 per day for 74% of our Cape days and $14,600 per day for 76% of our Panamax days. Looking ahead and into Q3, we have secured $22,300 per day for 26% of our Cape days and $19,600 per day for 38% of our Panamax days. During the quarter, we took delivery of the first of our 10 Kamsarmaxes new buildings. We will take delivery of another 5 vessels in this series before the turn of the year. In addition, we also acquired 6 new Kamsarmax vessels, 2 have already been delivered. The rest will follow before end June. We also entered into an agreement to sell our 2 oldest Capesize vessels as we continue to divest less efficient tonnage and take advantage of firm asset markets. Finally, we announced our ninth consecutive quarterly dividend. We will pay out $0.10 per share for Q1. The dividend is a reflection of our belief in the market and underlining the dividend remain a central element of our capital allocation.

Now I pass the word to Peder who will dive into some of the numbers and financial details of the quarter.

[Peder Simonsen, Chief Financial Officer]

Thank you, Ulrik. If we move to Slide 5, we achieved a total fleet-wide time charter equivalent rate of 14,900 in Q1, which was down from 20,400 in Q4. We had 3 ships drydocked in Q1 versus 2 shifts drydocked in Q4, resulting in 146 days off-hire versus 120 days in Q4. We have 6 ships expected to dry dock in Q2 this year with 3 completed at the date of this report. We had the time charter revenues of $132.3 million, which compared to $180.4 million in Q4.

We recorded sales gains of $2.6 million versus $2.8 million in Q4, which will both relate to the sale of 2 Panamax vessels previously announced that were delivered before and after the year end. On the operating expenses, we recorded $61.6 million in total, which is up $3.5 million from Q4. This is attributable to higher dry docking costs and also higher OpEx reclassification from charter hire, which is due to higher trading activity. OpEx ex-dry dock and reclassification was 6,300 unchanged from Q4.

Looking at our general and administrative expenses, we came in at $4.2 million in Q1, which is down from $5 million in Q4 due to lower personnel expenses. Our daily G&A came in at just below $450 per day, net of cost we charge to affiliated companies, down from $540 in Q4 and still by far the lowest G&A per day among our peers. Our charter hire expense were $16.8 million versus $12.5 million in Q4. And this, as mentioned, is due to higher trading activity, which was offset by lower charter-in rates in the quarter. Our adjusted EBITDA was $54.7 million versus $112.4 million in Q4. In connection with the sale of the 2 older Capesize vessels announced, we recorded an impairment loss of $11.8 million in the quarter.

Moving to the net financial expenses, we saw interest rate expenses increase and record a $20.5 million expense versus $17.6 million in the previous quarter. This change is due to higher LIBOR and software rates and slightly higher average debt in Q1. On the derivatives and other finance income, we recorded a gain of $2.7 million, which compares to a gain of $10.9 million in Q4. On the derivative side, we saw a $2 million loss versus a gain of $2.7 million in Q4 and this is mainly due to falling mark-to-market values on our interest rate swap portfolio. On the results from investments in associates, we recorded a gain of $4.9 million, which was down from $7.8 million in Q4, which relates to our investments in Swiss Marine, TFG and UFC and a net loss for the quarter of $8.8 million or a $0.04 per share. And as Ulrik mentioned, we have announced a dividend of $0.10 per share.

Looking at our cash flow on Slide 6, we saw a net decrease in cash of $14.9 million. On cash flow from operations, we saw positive cash flow of $76.5 million. And this includes a total of $15.3 million in dividends received from our investments in associated companies. Our cash flow provided from financing came in at $32 million. We had dividend payments relating to the Q4 results of $40.1 million. We drew down a total of $80 million relating to the delivery of 2 New Castlemax vessels. We saw net refinancing proceeds of approximately $15 million for the previously announced $250 million facility. And we saw scheduled debt and lease repayments of $23.3 million.

On the cash flow used in investments, we recorded $123.3 million. This mainly relates to the sale proceeds relating to Golden’s strength of $15.3 million, payment of deposit and purchase price of $123.8 million relating to the announced new New Castlemax acquisition, payment of newbuilding installments of $15.7 million and received repayment of shareholder loans of $0.9 million or $900,000.

On the balance sheet on Slide 7. We recorded cash and cash equivalents of $123.2 million, which includes $4.8 million in restricted cash. And in addition to that, we have %100 million in undrawn available credit facilities at quarter end. Our debt and finance lease liabilities totaled $1.3 billion, up approximately %75 million since Q4, average fleet-wide loan-to-value under our debt facilities was 44.5%, which was unchanged quarter-on-quarter. Book equity was %1.9 billion, and the ratio of equity to total assets was approximately 57%.

And with that, I’ll give the word back to Ulrik.

[Ulrik Andersen, Chief Executive Officer]

Thank you, Peder. We start off with a quick review of the market developments in Q1. The Cape market came under severe pressure from the beginning of the quarter impacted both by seasonal slowdown and economic slowdown. The market reached a low point just above $2,000 per day at the end of February. But as the Chinese economy started to react to the policymakers efforts to stimulate the economy, we saw increasing demand for iron ore and particular coal Chinese iron ore imports in Q1 were up 9% year-on-year, while coal was up 100%.

The cape market, both spot and FFA reacted promptly and firm throughout March. It gained further in April, although, of course, that did not contribute to our Q1 results. Despite the rally in March, it was a case of it too late and the Cape market averaged just $9,000 per day over the quarter. However, as we will see later, Golden Ocean achieved a premium of 50%, 5-0, with the capes making close to $14,000 per day.

In the Panamax segment, we saw the typical Q1 seasonality playbook. We saw pressure on the rates until the post Chinese New Year activity gave way to a decent recovery, which, however, was kept somewhat by a severe drought in Argentina and weak Chinese grain demand. The Panamax market averaged 11,300 per day during Q1, although Golden Ocean’s efficient fleet sell in daily TCE of almost 50% above that. The world GDP outlook is uncertain amid financial sector turmoil, high inflation, a war in Europe and increasing interest rates to mention a few. Yet, we remain optimistic for two reasons. The first is that the global economy could prove more resilient than feared a few months back. The problems in the supply chain are easing and the pace of U.S. inflation is slowing. It increases the possibility of soft or at least a softer landing.

Secondly, and this is very important, the market for the large-sized dry bulk vessels that Golden Ocean owns is highly correlated with China, more so than with the growth in the rest of the world. In this respect, we note that China has had a much better-than-anticipated start to the year. The Chinese economy grew a solid 4.5% year-on-year in Q1, well above the consensus prediction of 4%. We Moreover, growth gained momentum over the quarter and Q2 is now widely projected to come in substantially stronger. Consequently, many analysts have lifted their outlooks significantly and the consensus across the investment banks now predict the Chinese economy to grow nearly 6% this year. GDP growth is, of course, a headline rate and the effect on demand for dry bulk shipping will depend on manufacturers.

We have on previous calls, pointed to the property sector as critical, not only for the Chinese economy, but also for dry cargo. The property sector is faring better. It expanded in Q1 following six quarters of contraction. In addition, new home prices rose at a faster pace in 21 months in March. Meanwhile, steel production has been strong in Q1, increasing 6.1% year-on-year further reducing the already low iron ore inventories, of course, supporting near-term demand. Having said that, all the data points paint a more negative picture, the PMI fell below 50 in April, indicating a contraction in factory activity. Iron ore and steel prices have softened in recent months, while there are rumors of a cap on steel production.

In conclusion, China has clearly shaken off the COVID-related drag on its economy and is settling on a trajectory of very decent growth. The rebind is fragile, and we have to watch the space, particularly the steel production, but indication thus far are that the Chinese compact is on, which bodes well for dry bulk demand. Demand for dry bulk commodities has grown consistently over the past 30 years, on average, 30% more pro annual than global GDP. In other words, historically, it was not a lack of demand causing dry bulk shipping markets to suffer. It was the shipowners sealing their own pace by contracting too much. This is not the situation today.

The highly positive supply situation persists with growth rates at 30-year lows. Particularly, the Capesize segment looks favorable with the lowest order book of all dry bulk classes. In the Cape segment, good notion is with our 62 caps, the largest owner in the world. Another reason for supply-side optimism is the commencement of the IMO 2023 regulations, which are reducing the efficiency of the fleet as a majority of the global dry bulk fleet has forced to slow down to comply. The exact effect of CII and EEXI is hard to quantify. But all other things equal, it will require more vessels to move the same amount of cargo if the global fleet is slowing down. The impact of the IMO regulations will grow over time as the threshold for compliance increases.

We expect limited impact this year, but from next year and onwards, we expect a meaningful effect. Finally, we expect ordering to stay muted. Prices remain elevated. There are question marks over future-proof technology, and there are a few, if any, available slots until 2026. We Naturally, with such an attractive supply side, the market does not need particular growth. Normalized demand growth will be enough to outpace the supply and create very strong supply-demand fundamentals. So putting supply and demand together, we expect an extended period of sustainable healthy earnings. The world may be facing headwinds in terms of inflation, bank sector turmoil, slowing economies, However, it is not enough to upset the outlook for dry bulk shipping.

In the short-term, the freight market looks to have bottomed up in February and with the Chinese rebound on track combined with the typical seasonality, we see sufficient momentum to sustain a healthy market through the rest of the year. In this respect, it is important to point out that the most promising class of vessels in the dry space is the Capesize. There are three reasons for this. The first is that the Capes have the highest correlation with China. The handiest and supers depend more on global GDP, therefore, often referred to as GDP carriers – the outlook for the rest of the world is not as good as for China. Secondly, in recent years, the smaller vessels enjoyed significant support from the red-hot Catena markets, many small dry cargo vessels carry containers. That demand is gone, and it will not come back. Finally, the Capes have lost order book. In the longer-term, the historical low fleet growth looks to be the main driver of a failable market balance well into 2026.

In other words, we remain highly optimistic about the prospects for Golden Ocean, both short-term and long-term. As we usually explain our calls, we always seek to secure fixed paying contracts when levels are attractive, and we do that in whatever segment be Cape or Panamax that offers the best value. We do not want to be fully spotted at any time. For Q2, we have approximately three of our fleet fixed above $20,000 per day net of all permissions. For Q3, we have 26% of our Cape days fixed at $22,000 per day and 38% of our Panamax days fixed at $19,600 per day.

We believe the near-term prospects for the Capesizes are more promising than any other classes, given the high correlation with China. Therefore, we have taken more fixed paying contracts on the Panamaxes than the Capes. In 2021, Golden Ocean set ambitious emission reduction targets. Compared to our 2019 baseline, we want to reduce our carbon intensity by 15% in 2026 and by 2030 and have net-zero emissions by 2050.

We believe decarbonization is changing the traditional ship-owning model and will impact cost of capital, asset prices, customers buying criteria and much more. A low carbon business model is much more resilient. It will have superior earning capabilities and be much better suited to service customers and comply with future regulations. In Golden Ocean, we have a pragmatic approach to decarbonization. We want to monetize it. And as can be seen, it is entirely possible to invest profitably in decarbonization.

In 2021, we commenced our efforts to reduce our emissions. We began divesting high-emitting tonnage often with lower cargo capacity and replaced it with fuel-efficient tonnage, often with higher cargo capacity. We also initiated a digital transformation in which we rolled out a performance management IT infrastructure that through sensors and data allows for real-time monitoring of our ships performance. In addition, we now use digital speed and route optimization, have improved haul cleaning procedures to reduce drag and much more. Our efforts have paid off and radically increased the fleet’s efficiency and in turn, of course, also save large amount in bunkers. Last year alone, we have reduced our carbon intensity compared to our baseline by 9.2%. That translated into sale cost of around $20 million. In the years to come, Golden Ocean will continue our decarbonization efforts to the benefit of the shareholders and the environment. The green transition and making money is a duality, not mutually exclusive.

On the last slide today, I will talk about cash flow generation. Golden Ocean has the industry’s lowest cash breakeven and one of the most efficient fleets. It means we have substantial cash flow potential. For instance, to achieve $20,000 per day on an annualized basis, which is close to where the Q3, Q4 FFA curve is trading, we stand to generate $229 million in free cash. Note that the graph does not take our fleet to superior performance into consideration, it only looks at cheap rates. It’s a bold decision what we do with future earnings, but we have for the past nine quarters paid dividends even with acquiring vessels. So, it is a fair assumption that dividend continues to be a top priority when it comes to capital allocation.

Before opening up for questions, I would shortly wrap up three main points from today’s presentation. Golden Ocean outperformed the market in Q1, beating the indices by an average of $4,900 per day across our entire fleet. Golden Ocean is not taking the foot off the gas when it comes to monetizing decarbonization and building a more resilient and future-proof business model. Golden Ocean continues to focus on returning capital to our shareholders through dividends. We pay out of dividend for Q1 despite making a small loss, it emphasizes our belief in the market fundamentals and marked our ninth consecutive quarterly payout.

And now, we will start the Q&A session. I therefore hand the word back to the operator. Thank you for your attention.

[Operator]

[Operator Instructions] And the first question from Greg Lewis from BTIG. Please go ahead. Your line is open.

[Greg Lewis, BTIG]

Hey. Thank you and good afternoon, and thank you for those comments. Clearly, it sounds like the team is a little more bullish on Capes than maybe the smaller vessels here. Could you talk a little bit about what’s going on in the FFA markets? As I look at the Capes, there are – it looks like they are in backwardation in the medium – near medium-term, while if I look at something like the smaller vessels, they are in contango as we kind of head into like Q3. Just kind of curious if you have any kind of not that I expect – yes, just kind of what your view is on maybe what’s driving that difference between the larger ships and the small ones?

[Ulrik Andersen, Chief Executive Officer]

Yes. Hi Greg. Thank you for listening in and thank you for your question. Of course, when we look at the FFA curve, it’s a snapshot of what is happening right now. Our comments are more in the – can you say, in the longer term perspective, when we look down at 12 month and the general outlook for the various segments. So, I won’t be able to comment specifically on the FFA curve between the two – the different segments, I don’t think it’s relevant here. Can you hear me, Greg, sorry.

[Greg Lewis, BTIG]

Yes, absolutely. Okay.

[Ulrik Andersen, Chief Executive Officer]

I just got a message that there may be some audio problems, but I suppose it’s all back. So, I think our comments are more on can you say on a high level in the sense that where we have seen in the past couple of years, the smaller-sized vessels performed relatively well compared to the larger sizes than what we see is a return to the can you say, normal hierarchy in terms of freight rates where the large sizes are also the ones making the most money and also with the biggest upside. So, I think it’s in that slide that you need to see the comments and also I will say that it’s not that we believe that there is a collapse happening for any of the dry cargo segments. We think that they all are looking to have some strong years. It is more this conclusion that we are maybe seeing a more normalized world now that there is less, or let’s say, no support from the containers anymore for the handies.

[Greg Lewis, BTIG]

Got it. Okay. So, really, you are just – the point of that is just you are expecting more of a normalization in the historical patterns of the various vessel spreads, okay. So, then as I think about India, there is debate, there has always been a debate about India becoming more impactful into dry bulk demand, specifically around the coal side. As we think about that and obviously, we have the huge, not the huge, we are taking delivery of the first of I guess what’s going to be 10 or 11 Kamsarmaxes here. Kind of what’s your view? And how do you expect those vessels to – where do you see the sweet spot in terms of what’s going to be the driver of demand for the Kamsarmax fleet as you take delivery of those as you boost your fleet in that sector.

[Ulrik Andersen, Chief Executive Officer]

Yes. No, I mean the demand for the – from the Kamsarmaxes will definitely depend on the coal flows for once. It will also depend on how the Cape vessels are faring. And ultimately, it will of course also depend on how the smaller vessels are faring as a correlation between the – I think the CAGR that we need right now to have the Panamaxes perform better as we need to see more grains flow which has been weak. I think we also need to remember that the Russian market is more or less gone. It was a big off-take of Panamax tonnage as well. And we don’t see that much become almost a cabotage trade now. And that’s also why we say here with our eyes open that it looks more tilted towards the larger sizes. It looks better in the short-term. We also, as I have just said on the call, have taken more coverage on the Panamaxes than we have on the larger sizes. So, we need to see, certainly, the grains keep flowing out of the black sheet. And we surely would like to see more coming out of the out of the, I can say, our South America. And then finally, we need to continue seeing that the coal flow would really are there to a large extent, but that needs to keep on flowing.

[Greg Lewis, BTIG]

Okay. And then just one more for me, thanks and congrats on the Newcastlemax acquisition, realizing you already have a fairly – one of the youngest cape fleets or cape plus, we will call it, fleets out there in the market. As we think about that decision, is part of that a function of renewal as kind of – you do have, I guess a handful of capes that are now, I guess 2009, 2010 vintage. Is part of that, like I guess, just the normal renewal strategy, or is it – we are really looking at this as incremental growth here over the next couple of years for our fleet?

[Ulrik Andersen, Chief Executive Officer]

I am not sure I understood the question or was it more common?

[Greg Lewis, BTIG]

So really, as I think about the decision for these – the New Castlemax acquisition, was this more of a build an incremental increase in the fleet as these vessels get delivered, or is this more of the renewal strategy given the fact that you now have some vessels that are 10-plus years old.

[Ulrik Andersen, Chief Executive Officer]

Yes. I think it was a combination. I mean to begin with, the market for S&P transactions is not a Bloomberg terminal, as I like to say. So, you have to wait for the right opportunities. And before we did this transaction, we have been turning a lot of stones without finding any possibility. So, the first thing is to find attractive tonnage and then, of course, trying to time it, which we think we happen to do very well. So, I think it’s part of the overall strategy of continuously, can you say, renewing the fleet, keeping a low age and striking when you have the opportunity what you have noticed that perhaps we did is that we have sold two Capes. I don’t think we would have sold those Capes if it wasn’t because we have got the possibility of buying these six New Castlemaxes. So, this is I think a classical ship-owning move. You sell something old recycle the equity into some new buildings, you lower your average age and you have a, I can say, higher generating vessels are coming in. So, it was kind of an optimistical transaction. It became came possible and then that we were struggling for it because it fits well into the strategy that we have, which is as I say, to have a modern and young fleet.

[Greg Lewis, BTIG]

Perfect. Thank you very much for that and have a great day.

[Ulrik Andersen, Chief Executive Officer]

Thank you.

[Operator]

[Operator Instructions] There are no further questions at the moment. I will hand back the conference over for closing remarks.

[Ulrik Andersen, Chief Executive Officer]

Alright. Then we would like to say thank you very much for the attention. As always, please remember, you can find more information about the Golden Ocean on LinkedIn, either by following myself or the Golden Ocean profile. And to those of you based in Norway, happy 17th of May and see you all next time.

[Operator]

That concludes the conference for today. Thank you for participating. You may all disconnect.