Carlyle Secured Lending Inc

NASDAQ:CGBD

Earnings Call Analysis

Carlyle Secured Lending Shows Strong Performance and Merges for Strategic Expansion

Carlyle Secured Lending (CGBD) reported notable financial highlights for Q2 2024, with net investment income of $26 million or $0.51 per share. The company declared a third-quarter dividend of $0.47 per share. CGBD's NAV decreased slightly to $16.95 per share due to some unrealized losses. The company announced a strategic merger with Carlyle Secured Lending III, expected to increase scale and liquidity while reducing costs, with annual savings of $2.5 million. The merger will be NAV accretive and enhance operational efficiencies, aiming for completion in Q1 2025. Moreover, CGBD's leverage remains conservative, ensuring continued attractive investment opportunities.

Financial Overview for Q2 2024

CGBD reported a stable financial performance in the second quarter of 2024, generating net investment income (NII) of $26 million or $0.51 per share, delivering an annualized yield of over 12%. The total investment income was $58 million, slightly down from the previous quarter. Despite a minor decrease in net asset value (NAV) from $17.07 to $16.95 per share due to unrealized losses, the earnings comfortably exceeded the dividends declared, positioning the company well in a challenging environment.

Dividend Announcement

The Board declared a third-quarter dividend of $0.47 per share, comprising a base dividend of $0.40 and a supplemental dividend of $0.07. This reflects a robust dividend coverage ratio of 128%, which is substantially above the average of its peers. CGBD has also increased its base dividend by 25% since 2022, maintaining an attractive yield of around 11% based on current share prices.

Proposed Merger with Carlyle Secured Lending III

CGBD announced a significant merger with Carlyle Secured Lending III, which is expected to close in Q1 2025, subject to regulatory approvals and shareholder votes. The merger will create a pro forma company with a market capitalization exceeding $1 billion, enhancing scale and liquidity. This will provide CGBD shareholders with a broader investor base and improved trading liquidity. Notably, Carlyle will exchange its convertible preferred shares to alleviate potential dilution, benefiting CGBD shareholders significantly.

Strategic Benefits of the Merger

The merger is estimated to yield over $2.5 million in annual cost savings, primarily by eliminating duplicative expenses, potentially reducing the expense ratio to under 70 basis points on net assets. Additionally, the combined company will enhance access to institutional debt capital markets, further lowering the cost of debt. This move is expected to be accretive to both NII and NAV per share in the long term, building on an already strong portfolio that includes a majority in senior secured loans.

Market Position and Future Outlook

CGBD continues to leverage a strong market demand for private credit, positioning itself advantageously within the middle market for direct lending. With a highly diversified portfolio comprised of 180 investments across 126 companies, the firm remains committed to disciplined credit selection and maintaining low levels of nonaccruals, now at 1.8%. Management has indicated confidence in meeting and potentially exceeding dividend obligations, supported by a strong pipeline of investment opportunities arising from increased M&A and refinancing activity.

Earnings Call Transcript 2024-Q2

[Operator]

Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Carlyle Secured Lending Second Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions]

Please be advised, today's conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Nishil Mehta, Head of Shareholder Relations. Please go ahead.

[Nishil Mehta, executive]

Good morning, and welcome to Carlyle Secured Lending Conference Call to discuss the earnings results for the second quarter of 2024 and the proposed merger of CGBD with Carlyle Secured Lending III. I'm joined by Justin Plouffe, our Chief Executive Officer; and Tom Hennigan, our Chief Financial Officer.

This morning, we issued a press release with our presentation of our results, which are available on the Investor Relations section of our website. In addition to our quarterly earnings press release, we issued a release announcing that Carlyle Secured Lending has entered into a merger agreement with Carlyle Secured Lending III.

Throughout today's call, Carlyle Secured Lending will be referred to as CGBD and Carlyle Secured Lending III will be referred to as CSL III.

CGBD has posted a presentation outlining the transaction on the Investor Relations section of its website, which has also been filed with the SEC and which will be referenced on today's call. Following our remarks today, we will hold a question-and-answer session for analysts and institutional investors. This call is being webcast, and a replay will be available on our website.

Any forward-looking statements made today do not guarantee future performance and any undue reliance should not be placed on them. Today's conference call may include forward-looking statements reflecting our views with respect to, among other things, the timing or likelihood of the closing of the proposed merger, the expected synergies associated with the proposed merger, the ability to realize the anticipated benefits of the proposed merger and our future operating results and financial performance.

These statements are based on current management expectations and involve inherent risks and uncertainties, including those identified in the risk factors sections of our 10-K and our 10-Q, which will be filed for the quarter following market close today. These risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated. CGBD assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements at any time.

Please note that any additional information regarding the proposed merger and the solicitation of proxies in connection with the matters requiring CGBD stockholder approval will be available in the proxy statement and prospectus that CGBD intends to file with the SEC in the coming weeks.

With that, I'll turn the call over to Justin, CGBD's Chief Executive Officer.

[Justin Plouffe, executive]

Thanks, Nishil. Good morning, everyone. Thank you all for joining. I'm Justin Plouffe, the CEO of the Carlyle BDCs and Deputy CIO for Global Credit at Carlyle.

On today's call, I will give an overview of our second quarter 2024 results and discuss our proposed merger between CGBD and CSL III, including the ways in which Carlyle will support the transaction to make it especially compelling for CGBD shareholders. I'll finish with a few comments on the quarter's investment activity and portfolio positioning before handing the call over to our CFO, Tom Hennigan.

In the second quarter, our financial performance continued to benefit from the higher base rate environment with some headwinds from spread compression on new deals. Both of these trends were largely consistent with the broader direct lending market.

During the quarter, we generated net investment income of $0.51 per share, which represents an annualized yield of more than 12% based on our 6/30 NAV. Our Board of Directors declared a total third quarter dividend of $0.47 per share, consisting of our base dividend to $0.40 plus $0.07 supplemental dividend.

Our net asset value as of June 30 was $16.95 per share, down $0.12 or approximately 0.7% from March 31 because of unrealized depreciation from some of our watchlist names.

Following another strong quarter, we are excited to announce that CGBD has entered into a merger agreement to acquire Carlyle Secured Lending III. We believe this transaction will deliver a number of strategic benefits, including an increase in scale and liquidity, elimination of the preferred stock held by Carlyle, a reduction in costs and an increase in operational efficiencies and accretion to both earnings and NAV per share.

Now I'd like to dive a little bit deeper into each attribute that this merger brings. First, scale and liquidity. With an anticipated market capitalization of over $1 billion as a combined company, we expect this transaction to provide increased scale and liquidity to shareholders, creating potential for increased institutional ownership, a broader investor base and enhanced trading liquidity.

Second, I'll touch on the convertible preferred shares held by Carlyle. Now as many of you know, these shares were issued by CGBD as part of an investment Carlyle made to support the BDC during the market dislocation resulting from the COVID pandemic. These shares have a current conversion price of $8.98 compared to quarter end's NAV of $16.95 and therefore, could be dilutive if exercised. As part of this transaction, Carlyle will exchange its convertible preferred shares at NAV as determined shortly before merger close. This will avoid 5% to 8% dilution for CGBD shareholders. We believe that this is a significant value for CGBD shareholders that could lead to improved trading prices.

Third, we expect this merger to reduce costs and drive operational efficiencies by eliminating duplicative expenses. We estimate total annual cost savings to be approximately $2.5 million on an LTM basis through increased scale as well as streamlining certain processes compared to the 2 entities continuing to operate separately. The larger combined asset base will also improve our expense ratio to approximately 70 basis points on net assets, while also potentially providing CGBD with greater access to the debt capital markets and a lower cost of capital.

Finally, we believe that this transaction is accretive to both NAV per share and net investment income per share on a fully diluted basis. This is due both to the preferred stock exchange and the substantial overlap in strategy and portfolio composition between the 2 vehicles. We also expect the transaction to be accretive to net investment income per share in the long term, with improved combined portfolio metrics, a lower expense ratio and increased investment capacity. Given our recent trading levels, we have structured the merger to enable potential NAV accretion if CGBD is trading at a premium to NAV shortly before the merger close. Tom will discuss that more later in this call.

Carlyle is committed to the long-term success of CGBD and we believe that this transaction will benefit shareholders of both CGBD and CSL III. To further support the merger, an affiliate of Carlyle will cover certain merger-related expenses up to a total cap of $5 million, which we believe should cover all transaction costs.

Now before I turn the call over to Tom, I want to briefly discuss the market environment. Activity continued to pick up in the second quarter of 2024 as sponsored direct lending volumes reached recent highs, driven by strong refinancing, recapitalization and M&A activity. Spreads and covenants continue to face pressure from borrowers, but the core middle market where we operate continues to see comparatively less pressure than the large cap market.

Originations in the second quarter were up significantly year-over-year, and our pipeline continues to expand with both core cash flow and differentiated deal flow. Our goal is to drive performance with a consistent approach to direct lending, anchored in disciplined credit selection and conservative portfolio management. We continue to benefit from the OneCarlyle platform, which differentiates us in the core middle market.

While increasing origination activity is a positive for our strategy, we are most focused on the overall credit performance of our existing portfolio. Our portfolio remains highly diversified and it's comprised of 180 investments in 126 companies across more than 25 industries. The median EBITDA across our core portfolio at quarter end was $82 million, the average exposure in any single portfolio company is less than 1%, and 94% of our investments are in senior secured loans.

As always, discipline and consistency drove performance in the second quarter. We expect these tenets to drive performance in future quarters.

With that, I'll now hand the call over to our Chief Financial Officer, Tom Hennigan.

[Thomas Hennigan, executive]

Thank you, Justin. Today, I'll begin with an overview of the terms and structure of the proposed merger. I'll then discuss second quarter financial results and portfolio performance before concluding with a detail on our balance sheet positioning.

First, I want to point all of our shareholders to the additional materials we've posted to CGBD's Investor Relations website. I'll note, we expect to file a proxy and registration statement in the upcoming weeks to begin the process of soliciting merger approval from CGBD shareholders.

As Justin previewed, we're excited to announce we've entered into the agreement with CSL III to merge in a stock-for-stock transaction, with a floating exchange rate that has the potential to be accretive to shareholders.

To reiterate Carlyle's support for the merger, it has agreed to exchange its existing convertible preferred shares for common stock, which will occur shortly before close of the proposed merger. Based on the current conversion price of $8.98 per share, this crystallizes accretion to both NAV per share and quarterly net investment income per share on a fully diluted basis. Carlyle will be subject to a 2-year tiered lockup following the exchange, reinforcing Carlyle's continued long-term commitment to CGBD.

An affiliate of Carlyle has also agreed to bear up to $5 million in transaction fees and expenses in certain circumstances, which is expected to mitigate any potential dilution from merger expenses for shareholders. The transaction has been structured with a floating exchange rate construct that enables the potential for additional NAV per share accretion at close.

In our merger presentation, Slide 16 outlines 3 potential scenarios and how they would impact CGBD. As you see on the slide, if CGBD is trading at or below 1x NAV per share, the merger will be conducted on a NAV-for-NAV exchange. But if CGBD is trading above 1x NAV per share, CGBD and CSL III shareholders will equally split the premium at merger close up to 1.11x, with all premium thereafter going to CGBD shareholders. This construct ensures the transaction is, at a minimum, NAV neutral, while allowing CSL III shareholders to participate in upside if CGBD is trading above NAV shortly before the close of the merger.

Our core investment strategy remain unchanged. The combined company will continue to focus on directly originated, primarily first lien sponsor-backed loans to U.S. companies in the middle market.

Turning to the portfolio. Total assets for the pro forma combined company are expected to increase to over $2.5 billion by transaction flows. Based on current portfolio data, CSL III has near 100% overlap with CGBD, and the combined company on a pro forma basis as of June 30 has 127 portfolio companies and 183 investments, and total senior secured exposure of over 90%. Key portfolio diversification and risk metrics all will improve. Concentration of CGBD's top 1, 5 and 10 investments were all improved from current levels.

We expect nonaccruals as a percentage of fair value, and also debt investments with risk ratings 3 to 5, representing investments that have been downgraded on our internal risk rating scale, all to improve, as you can see on Slides 18 and 19 of the merger presentation.

Given the significant portfolio overlap, we believe the merger will result in cost synergies for shareholders, with annual cost savings expected to be about $2.5 million. The elimination of duplicative expenses should result in over a 20% decrease in operating expenses from the second quarter combined levels, which implies a pro forma target expense ratio of under 70 basis points on net assets.

Increased scale also has the potential to provide a wider and more efficient refinancing alternatives, which could reduce our cost of debt through improved access to the institutional debt capital markets.

Leading up to merger close, we also anticipate calling all remaining uncalled capital from CSL III shareholders, and we'll seek to return CGBD to the midpoint of our target leverage range.

Given the increased level of deal activity Justin mentioned, we're confident we can deploy this capital into attractive investments. All of CGBD's financing facilities will continue in regular course, and we expect CSL III's existing asset-based credit facility will transfer over to CGBD at closing of the merger.

The transaction has been unanimously approved by the CGBD Board of Directors and the CSL III Board of Trustees at the recommendation of the special committees of both CGBD and CSL III.

I want to highlight that in addition to the benefits for CGBD shareholders we've been focused on, the transaction also enables CSL III investors to retain access to the proven investment strategy they sought exposure to, with the benefits of the greater scale of the combined entity, liquidity of a listed BDC and the potential to trade at a premium to NAV. Taken together, we think this is a compelling value proposition for these new CGBD investors.

Finally, CGBD's adviser remain unchanged, and we anticipate the transaction closing in Q1 of 2025, subject to approval from CGBD shareholders, certain regulatory approval and satisfaction or waiver of other customary closing conditions.

Now moving on to a more detailed review of this quarter's results. CGBD had another strong quarter on the earnings front. Total investment income for the second quarter was $58 million, down slightly from prior quarter due to a lower average portfolio balance and a decrease in prepayment and amendment fees. Total expenses of $31 million also decreased versus prior quarter, primarily due to reduced total interest expense from a lower average outstanding debt balance. The result was net investment income for the second quarter of $26 million or $0.51 per share, which is generally in line with the prior year comparable period.

Our Board of Directors declared the dividends for the third quarter of 2024 at a total level of $0.47 per share. That's comprised of the $0.40 base dividend plus a $0.07 supplemental dividend, which is payable to shareholders of record as of the close of business on September 30. This total dividend level reflects our variable supplemental dividend policy of paying out at least 50% of excess earnings, which allows us to be flexible as the portfolio evolves and base rates fluctuate.

Our base dividend coverage of 128% for the quarter remains above the BDC peers at average, and we've grown the base dividend 25% since 2022. At the same time, this total dividend level also represents an attractive yield of 11% based on the recent share price. Looking ahead, we remain highly confident in our ability to comfortably meet and exceed our $0.40 base dividend and continue paying out supplemental dividends each quarter.

On valuations, our total aggregate realized and unrealized net loss was about $8 million for the quarter. The largest contributor was a $7 million loss in our position in Emergency Communications Network, ECN. So a majority of that $8 million loss from that one position, and we actually exited that investment last week at a level slightly better than our 6/30 mark. So the full downside for that position is already reflected in our 6/30 NAV. This decrease in valuations, partially offset by Q2 earnings that exceeded the dividend, resulted in our NAV decreasing modestly from $17.07 to $16.95 per share.

Turning to credit performance. We continue to see overall stability in credit quality across the portfolio. Nonaccruals increased this quarter to 1.8% of total investments at fair value as we added a net 2 borrowers to nonaccrual status. However, we exited ECN and we've been working towards a favorable solution with the other borrowers. So that ends for the upcoming quarter, we expect investments on nonaccrual to drop back below 1% as a percentage of fair value.

I'll finish by touching on our financing facilities and leverage. We continue to be well positioned on the right side of our balance sheet. In early July, we closed a reset of the 2015-1 CLO, extending the reinvestment period and maturity date by 4 years and reducing the cost of debt by more than 20 basis points within that vehicle.

Leverage is down quarter-over-quarter, and we have capacity to deploy capital into attractive opportunities in an accelerating deal environment as we've been operating conservatively at the lower end of our target range. Statutory leverage was about 1.1x and net financial leverage ended the quarter modestly lower at 0.9x. This positioning allows us to remain opportunistic as the macroeconomic environment evolves and deal activity looks to pick up in the second half of 2024.

With that, I'll turn the call back over to Justin.

[Justin Plouffe, executive]

Thanks, Tom. Before we move to Q&A, I want to reemphasize the compelling merger proposal for CGBD. This merger is between 2 entities that are wholly aligned. We're adding meaningful scale without increasing risk through combining with a known Carlyle managed portfolio. The consistency of our investment approach between the 2 BDCs positions us for a smooth integration process and we expect the transaction will be significantly beneficial to shareholders with accretion to both NII and NAV per share.

Market demand for private credit remains high. We continue to focus on sourcing transactions with significant equity cushions, conservative leverage levels and attractive spreads relative to market levels.

With attractive new originations, a stable portfolio and low levels of nonaccrual, CGBD shareholders are benefiting from the continued execution of our strategy. As always, we remain committed to delivering a resilient, stable cash flow stream to our investors through consistent income and solid credit performance.

I'd like to now hand the call over to the operator to take your questions. Thank you.

[Operator]

[Operator Instructions] And our first question is going to come from the line of Finian O'Shea with WFS.

[Finian O'Shea, analyst]

First, on the merger, I think it's '25 expected close. Does that mean you're anticipating like an extended sort of outreach campaign? And can you remind us of the shareholder base profile of Carlyle III?

[Justin Plouffe, executive]

Sure. So we do have to get shareholder vote from CGBD shareholders. So that work is a legal process, and that's part of the reason why it will take a bit of time. The CSL III shareholders do not have a vote here because they sort of signed up for this when they initially invested in that fund. So there shouldn't be too much of a delay on that end of things. The CSL III shareholder base are people that Carlyle plays to, but there's no significant concentration. But again, without a vote, we wouldn't expect that to impact the merger process at all.

[Thomas Hennigan, executive]

And we'd expect, although it's a very compelling transaction for CGBD shareholders, it always just takes so much time to gather up such a diverse base of investors for any of these votes. So we'd anticipate the process to take normal course as other BDC mergers.

[Finian O'Shea, analyst]

Okay. That's helpful. And I guess, Justin, I thought I'd ask, looking at the screen today and this week, if you have any views on how the current volatility we're in might impact the bank's positioning to compete on sponsor finance transactions if it's too early to tell or if you think they would be still in a strong position to lead in or whatnot?

[Justin Plouffe, executive]

Yes. Certainly early to tell how this all plays out in the second half of the year. But we've been focused for a long time now on making sure the credit quality of the portfolio is excellent because we've seen the pressure on spreads. So we feel very well positioned if we're heading into a more volatile environment. And it does stand the reason, Fin, that in more volatile environments, our capital becomes more valuable to borrowers. So I think we're well positioned if it does turn out to be volatile second half of the year, but we'll have to see.

[Finian O'Shea, analyst]

Okay. And one final if I may on, if there's any -- based on the transaction exchange ratio at close, that's obviously into the future. But if the incentive fee will account for merger accretion?

[Justin Plouffe, executive]

If the incentive fee will account for merger accretion? Sorry, I'm not sure I quite follow the question.

[Finian O'Shea, analyst]

Yes. That's due to the -- maybe better for Tom. Based on where the stock is, there might be, I don't know, I think I can't even explain it too well, but it's very common in the BDC merger due to the accounting and that will elevate or reduce depending on where Carlyle trades when it presumably goes NAV-for-NAV, and that could change the GAAP revenue and NOI. So like, will you accrue -- sorry, go ahead.

[Thomas Hennigan, executive]

No because, Fin, we wouldn't expect any impact from the merger math on our incentive fees.

[Operator]

And our next question is going to come from the line of Melissa Wedel with JPMorgan.

[Melissa Wedel, analyst]

I wanted to talk about the merger and combining the portfolios. I understand that's a couple of quarters out. But at a high level, would you view the smaller portfolio, the loans in that portfolio as being brought on to CGBD's balance sheet? Or would those be appropriate to put into the credit fund?

[Thomas Hennigan, executive]

Melissa, it's Tom. There's substantial overlap between the 2 funds in terms of the borrowers. In fact, almost every single position at CSL III is also held at CGBD, obviously, varying levels. So we'd anticipate looking at keeping in place our current facilities and allocating the loans primarily to our existing credit facility and potentially based on some of the lower spread transactions, potentially allocating those. We're seeing that as good investments down the road for the JV. So I think we'd be looking at based on the investment profile, the yield profile is spreading them across the vehicles. But I think for the most part, though, the yield profile is in line with the BDC is that most of those we'd anticipate would be held directly by the BDC.

[Melissa Wedel, analyst]

Okay. And then can you remind us when you think about the credit fund and sort of the runway there. I guess that's the question. How much runway is there to grow that JV? I assume that's another avenue where you would look to explore NAV -- or I'm sorry, NII accretion?

[Thomas Hennigan, executive]

Look, I think currently, we're probably looking to maintain the JV level. Certainly, we're always looking at the best ways to improve our ROE. Right now, I think we're looking to maintain the JV size and dividends coming from those JVs. Not a huge growth factor.

[Melissa Wedel, analyst]

Got it. Final question for me, just around the fee structure. We've seen a number of these transactions before. And I think as we've seen portfolio shift increasingly first lien, sometimes we've seen managers make adjustments to the fee structure. Just curious if that's something that's been a topic of discussion with the Board?

[Justin Plouffe, executive]

Yes. We don't anticipate changing our fee structure as part of the merger. We think our fees are in line with market, given the performance that we've had. But I do want to emphasize, Carlyle is paying all transaction expenses and we're getting out of our preferred shares at NAV, which avoids something like a 5% to 8% potential dilution to CGBD shareholders. So those are really the 2 areas where Carlyle is contributing to the transaction.

[Operator]

[Operator Instructions] I'm showing no further questions at this time, and I would like to hand the conference back over to Justin Plouffe for closing remarks.

[Justin Plouffe, executive]

Okay. Well, thank you, everyone. We really appreciate your joining. I'm sure we'll be speaking to you in the future. That will conclude today's call.

[Operator]

This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect. Everyone, have a great day.