Bridgewater Bancshares Inc

NASDAQ:BWB

Earnings Call Analysis

Earnings Call Transcript 2023-Q3

[Operator]

Good morning, and welcome to the Bridgewater Bancshares 2023 Third Quarter Earnings Call. My name is Debbie, and I will be your conference operator today. [Operator Instructions]. Please note that today's call is being recorded.

At this time, I would like to introduce Justin Horstman, Director of Investor Relations, to begin the conference call. Please go ahead.

[Justin Horstman, executive]

Thank you, Debbie, and good morning, everyone. Joining me on today's call are Jerry Baack, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer; Joe Chybowski, Chief Financial Officer; Jeff Shellberg, Chief Credit Officer; and Nick Place, Chief Lending Officer. In just a few moments, we will provide an overview of our 2023 third quarter financial results. We will be referencing a slide presentation that is available on the Investor Relations section of Bridgewater's website, investors.bridgewaterbankmn.com.

Following our opening remarks, we will open the call for questions. During today's presentation, we may make projections or other forward-looking statements regarding future events or the future financial performance of the company. We caution that such statements are predictions and that actual results may differ materially. Please see the forward-looking statement disclosure in our 2023 third quarter earnings release for more information about risks and uncertainties, which may affect us.

The information we will provide today is as of and for the period ended September 30, 2023, and we undertake no duty to update the information. We may also disclose non-GAAP financial measures during this call. We believe certain non-GAAP financial measures, in addition to the related GAAP measures provide meaningful information to investors to help them understand the company's operating performance and trends and to facilitate comparisons with the performance of our peers.

We caution that these disclosures should not be viewed as a substitute for operating results determined in accordance with GAAP. Please see our 2023 third quarter earnings release for reconciliations of non-GAAP disclosures to the comparable GAAP measures.

I would now like to turn the call over to Bridgewater's Chairman, President and CEO, Jerry Baack.

[Gerald Baack, executive]

Thank you, Justin, and thank you, everyone, for joining us today. I'll start with a quick overview of the third quarter, which had several encouraging trends. First, after net interest margin compression began to slow in the last quarter, we're pleased to begin seeing the stability in the margin during the third quarter. While the margin declined 8 basis points quarter-over-quarter, we saw signs of stabilization on a month-to-month basis throughout the quarter. Joe will talk more about the margin dynamics shortly.

Second, given the prolonged higher interest rate environment, we've been focused on enhancing our balance sheet composition to set us apart for longer-term profitability and success. Concentrated efforts are being made to build our deposit base, reduce our reliance on higher cost borrowings and slow our pace of loan growth in the near term. For the second consecutive quarter, we saw improvements in our overall funding base as core deposits increased 11% on an annualized basis and total borrowings declined 30% from the second quarter with no overnight borrowings at quarter end.

While we have determined a long track record of generating robust and profitable loan growth over the years we have intentionally slowed the pace of loan growth in 2023, and actually saw balances declined slightly in the third quarter. While this was due in part to an uptick in payoffs and pay downs during the quarter, we are also being more thoughtful about our growth in the current environment. As a result, we expect more limited loan growth in the near term. Combined with growing deposits and capital reducing the loan-to-deposit ratio and stabilizing the net interest margin. This will give us the ability to generate profitable growth when the environment becomes more favorable.

Bridgewater has always been a growth engine, and we certainly don't see that changing. However, we believed being more selective today will position us better for the long term. Expenses remained very well controlled on a year-to-year basis. However, as expected, we saw an increase in noninterest expense in the third quarter, primarily related to ongoing investments we are making in our people. Lastly, asset quality remains superb with just 1 basis point of net charge-offs consistently low levels of nonperforming assets and stable levels of watch and substandard loans. While we continue to be very proactive and diligent on this front, we remain pleased with the performance and quality of our loan portfolio.

In addition to these encouraging trends, our overall focus remained on driving steady tangible book value growth for our shareholders, which we have done for 27 consecutive quarters. In fact, only 12% of banks between $3 billion and $10 billion in assets have been able to grow tangible book value each of the past 8 quarters.

Before I hand it over to Joe, I want to take a minute to share some additional insights into other activities happening across the bank. The BWB culture remains a focus. Engaged team members translate to better service, less turnover and ultimately, a more committed workforce. We see great engagement with our team members. Participation in events, including health and wellness, mentorship, D&I and volunteering remains high and turnover remains well below industry norms, and we continue to receive recognition locally and nationally for our culture.

In addition, we are continuing to proactively engage with existing and potential clients, which includes expanded outreach to targeted verticals in C&I. We indicated at the beginning of the year that C&I was a focus for us, and we are making inroads in certain niche areas where we have strong connections, like women-led businesses and entrepreneurs and companies running on the EOS operating system. Networking is something we do better than anyone, and we are using this strength to extend our reach into these opportunities.

While we are still in the early stages, we have had early success in creating new C&I opportunities. Being efficient has always been important to BWB. Investments in technology, specifically streamlining workflows are creating efficiencies across the business. Investments in our project management function are ensuring we execute effectively on large internal initiatives and rewards as soon as possible. While the overall environment remains challenging for many banks, I remain very optimistic on how Bridgewater is positioned moving forward.

With that, I'm going to turn it over to Joe.

[Joseph Chybowski, executive]

Thank you, Jerry. Turning to Slide 4. The net interest margin declined just 8 basis points to $2.32 for the third quarter. This compared to our September stand-alone margin of $2.30 million which was down just 3 basis points from the month of June stand-alone margin of $2.33. Even more encouraging is the margin showed signs of stabilization on a month-to-month basis during the quarter. The chart on the bottom right shows the trend in monthly core margin compression, which excludes loan fees as they can be lumpy from month to month. After seeing several months of mid-teens margin compression in late 2022 and early 2023, we saw a gradual slowing began in the second quarter of 2023. This trend continued into the third quarter with the core margin remaining relatively stable throughout July, August and September. This was driven by a moderation in rising funding costs as core deposits grew and borrowings declined coupled with the continued slow but steady increase in earning asset yields.

We would expect the quarterly margin to stabilize over the near term as the compression continues to slow keeping in mind that funding costs are and will remain under pressure given other market alternatives. As we've mentioned in the past, the margin outlook is dependent on several factors, including future changes in interest rates, the shape of the yield curve and the pace of core deposit growth.

Slide 5 shows the various components of the margin. Portfolio loan yields moved higher and should continue to do so for the foreseeable future. As we look ahead, we have over $500 million of fixed and adjustable rate loans scheduled to reprice over the next year and nearly $600 million of variable rate loans efficiently floating. Another factor here is loan fees, which have had around a 10 basis point impact on the aggregate portfolio loan yields over the past few quarters.

However, this is down meaningfully from our 30 basis point run rate in mid-2022 as payoffs have declined and subsequent deferred loan origination fee realization as well. In addition to loan yields, the yield on our securities portfolio has also continued to increase, up 15 basis points from the second quarter to 4.39%. While loan growth has been more muted, we have continued to grow the securities book with period-end balances up 11% annualized during the third quarter. Keep in mind that we do not have any held-to-maturity securities. While rising funding costs continue to outpace earning asset yields, the rise in cost of funds has slowed meaningfully. This was largely due to strong core deposit growth and a decrease in our reliance on borrowings and overnight money.

In fact, our overall funding costs increased just 19 basis points in the third quarter compared to a 50 basis point increase in the second quarter. That said, funding costs are still under pressure, and we expect to see deposit costs continue to move slowly higher, given competition from other bank and nonbank alternatives and the Fed's uncertain interest rate outlook.

Turning to Slide 6. We have demonstrated a long track record of strong revenue and profitability. While this has been a more challenging revenue environment due in part to our spread-based model, we saw signs of stabilization in the third quarter both in terms of net interest income and total revenue. Noninterest income increased in the third quarter, primarily due to $493,000 of FHLB prepayment income similar to what we saw in the first quarter.

Turning to Slide 7. Expenses have remained very well controlled year-to-date after a 6.7% decline in the first quarter and an increase of just 1.4% in the second quarter, we indicated that we would see an increased pace in the second half of the year. This was the case as noninterest expense increased 6.7% in the third quarter, the majority of which was related to incentives across the entire employee base. Historically, our noninterest expense growth has tracked closely with asset growth.

On a year-to-date basis, noninterest expense in 2023 is up just 6% from 2022, below our year-over-year asset growth of 10.4%. Even with our expense discipline, our efficiency ratio has increased into the mid-50% range due to the ongoing revenue headwinds. We still maintain a highly efficient operating model relative to other banks and expect that to remain the case. Overall, we feel good about our ability to control expenses, while still making key investments in the business and our people.

With that, I'll turn it over to Nick.

[Nicholas Place, executive]

Thanks, Joe. Turning to Slide 8. Deposit growth was a highlight for the second consecutive quarter. Total deposits increased 10.8% annualized during the quarter including $70 million of core deposit growth or 11% annualized. To supplement our core deposit growth, we added $27 million of broker deposits, consistent with the funding strategy we've had in place since the bank was founded. When combined with core deposits, this helped to offset the liquidation of $195 million of higher cost overnight borrowings during the quarter.

In terms of our deposit growth outlook, it's important to remember that the nature of our deposit base results in longer client acquisition and onboarding times. We remain confident in our ability to continue deposit momentum over time as our pipelines remain strong. However, deposit growth can fluctuate quite a bit from quarter-to-quarter with the growth often not being linear. That said, over the past 2 quarters, we have added over $115 million of core deposits, which speaks to the strength of our bank, our brand in the Twin Cities and the relationships we have developed with our clients.

Turning to Slide 9. Loan growth came in lower than we were expecting as balances declined 1.5% annualized during the quarter. This was largely due to higher-than-expected payoffs and pay downs which increased $67 million from the second quarter. Had payoffs and paydowns remain consistent with second quarter levels, loan growth would have been 5.6% annualized much closer to our expectations.

However, as Jerry mentioned earlier, we are taking a more thoughtful approach to our near-term growth strategy to optimize profitability over the longer term. This includes a continued focus on supporting our core clients in the current environment while being more selective on new client relationships. We are still seeing loan demand in the market that would support a higher growth rate today. But to do so, we would need to compromise on pricing and bring in more higher cost funding. Throw in where we are at in the credit cycle, it just doesn't make sense from a profitability standpoint.

Ultimately, this presents a good opportunity for us to continue building on our deposit momentum and improve our loan-to-deposit ratio in the near term. In fact, over the past 2 quarters, we have lowered our loan-to-deposit ratio from 108% to 101%. As this ratio improves, we will be better positioned to deploy capital into more robust loan growth when the environment is more favorable.

Turning to Slide 10. You can see that while new loan originations and advances have declined year-over-year, they rebounded over 20% in the third quarter. Payoffs and paydowns have been on a similar trajectory with steady declines over the past year. But as we've mentioned, there was a notable increase in the third quarter as interest rates began to stabilize. We also continue to use loan participation as a tool to manage our loan growth, including the sale of $134 million year-to-date.

On Slide 11, you can see there was not a lot of movement in the various loan portfolios given relatively stable loan balances during the quarter. The movement we did see was primarily related to balances migrating from construction to multifamily as these projects completed their construction phase. Overall, we remain comfortable with the diversification we have across our loan portfolio.

With that, I'll turn it over to Jeff.

[Jeffrey Shellberg, executive]

Thanks, Nick. Turning to Slide 12. We continue to feel good about our asset quality as nonperforming assets remained at very low levels, making up just 0.02% of total assets at the end of September. Net charge-offs were just 1 basis point. with cumulative net charge-offs of just $446,000 since 2019, and we again had virtually no loans 30 to 89 days past due. All of this is largely due to our measured risk selection, consistent underwriting standards, active credit oversight and experienced lending and credit teams. While we are still not seeing early signs of credit weakness, the higher for longer interest rate environment is putting pressure on businesses, which will likely result in credit normalization over time. We also remain well reserved at 1.36% of gross loans.

We had no provision for credit losses during the quarter given the stable loan balances, but we did have a negative $600,000 provision for unfunded commitments, which are primarily construction loans. As we continue to fund these commitments and with our limited loan growth outlook, we would expect to continue to see lower provisions in the near term, depending on the economic conditions and our overall credit quality.

On Slide 13, you can see that our Watch and Substandard loans remained relatively stable during the quarter. Overall, we feel good about the risk profile of the portfolio and feel it is well positioned moving forward.

Turning to Slide 14. We provide some more information on our CRE and office portfolios. The majority of our nonowner-occupied CRE book is fixed rate, which helps from a repricing risk standpoint. We continue to actively engage with our clients that have maturing loans or resetting rates over the next 12 months to identify possible cash flow stream and recommend solutions early in the process if necessary.

We have completed this process for loans maturing and repricing in 2023 and are now focusing on our 2024 loans. As of quarter end, we had $195 million in nonowner-occupied CRE office exposure, which is about 5% of total loans. This includes only 4 loans located in the central business districts totaling $35 million. We continue to monitor this portfolio closely, and we feel good about the outlook given the lower average loan amount, diversified client base and primarily Midwestern suburban office exposure. Overall, we haven't noticed any material changes in these portfolios since the last quarter, and they continue to perform well.

I'll now turn it back over to Joe.

[Joseph Chybowski, executive]

Thanks, Jeff. Turning to Slide 15. You can see that our liquidity profile has continued to improve throughout the year. At the end of the third quarter, we had $2.2 billion of on- and off-balance sheet liquidity, a robust 2.7x the level of our uninsured deposits. Slide 16 highlights our tangible book value growth and strong capital ratios. Tangible book value per share increased another 1.8% to $12.37 n the third quarter. We continue to demonstrate and ability to consistently grow tangible book value through various market ups and downs.

From a capital standpoint, we saw an increase in all of our capital ratios for the second consecutive quarter, including tangible common equity, which increased from 7.39% to 7.61%, and CET1 which increased to over 9%. We are focused on continuing to build these ratios over time given our more moderated pace of loan growth and continued earnings retention. From a capital priority standpoint, organic growth remains our primary focus. Beyond that, we continue to review and monitor potential M&A opportunities. We also have a $25 million stock repurchase program that was approved by the Board in 2022, which we will continue to evaluate going forward.

Turning to Slide 17, I'll summarize our thoughts on our near-term outlook. Coming end of the year, we expected high single-digit loan growth in 2023. We are relatively in line running on a year-to-date annualized basis at around 6%. However, given the persistent high interest rate environment, we expect limited loan growth in the near term as we focus on building our funding base to be able to deploy in a more favorable lending environment. As Nick mentioned, we expect core deposit growth to continue trending up over time, but I'll reiterate, it's not linear on a linked quarter basis, given the nature of our deposit base. Our current loan-to-deposit ratio of 101% has declined back into our target range of $95 million to $105 million.

As we moderate loan growth, we'd like to see that ratio continue to trend toward the bottom end of that range in the near term. We would expect margin stabilization over the near term as the quarterly compression continues to slow. Obviously, there are still a lot of moving pieces, including ongoing funding pressures, but we are pleased with the progress and where we are from a margin standpoint.

On the expense front, we expect to see ongoing noninterest expense growth as we feel it is important to continue investing in the business and our people to support future growth opportunities. Expense growth has typically aligned with asset growth, but we would expect that to be the case for the full year of 2023. We also expect lower levels of provision expense given the slower pace of loan growth, unfunded commitments continuing to fund and a moderation in the volume of newly originated projects with unfunded commitments.

I'll now turn it back over to Jerry.

[Gerald Baack, executive]

Thanks, Joe. Finishing up on Slide 18. Despite the challenging macroeconomic environment, the strategic priorities we identified at the beginning of the year are still in place, and we have shared those with you today. We have made good progress on each of them. I would also reiterate our continued ability to grow tangible book value. The current banking environment has presented several challenges, including meaningful margin compression and a slower pace of loan growth than we had been used to. But despite all of that, we've been able to continue compounding tangible book value. This remains a focus for us in a key way in which we drive shareholder value through economic cycles.

With that, we will open this up for questions.

[Operator]

[Operator Instructions] The first question comes from Jeff Rulis with D.A. Davidson.

[Jeff Rulis, analyst]

Looking at the limited growth, I just want to kind of poke through that a little bit. You guys were pretty clear on it. Just one is kind of gauge the level of participations if you have any visibility on paydowns or amortization schedule ahead to try to figure out sort of where we are, how long kind of we have maybe limited net growth or where that turn may be, if possible.

[Nicholas Place, executive]

This is Nick. A lot of that participation that we had funded through the quarter were related to prior originated loans that included construction transactions that had a participant on them. We have pulled back a bit on our selling a lot of participations on new transactions as an effort to continue to supplement the growth that we're looking for long term. So -- and we do feel good about the quarter, although we -- balances were down slightly that actual advances and originations were up quarter-over-quarter.

So it was a bit lumpy with some increased payoffs that some of which were delayed from second quarter and pushed into third quarter and some of which were moved up from fourth into third. So we're -- as we look out at our pipeline of payoffs, it looks to be a bit more like it had been earlier in the year. As we sort of project forward, it felt like it was just a bit exacerbated and lumpy there in Q3.

[Jeff Rulis, analyst]

Okay. And Nick, I don't know if you could have guess for '24 expectations on net growth, we'd be in the mid- to high single digit? Or do you think we revert to kind of historical Bridgewater over a couple of quarters?

[Nicholas Place, executive]

No, I think your first thought there is right. I think as we look further out, throughout 2024, that feels like that mid-single digits is kind of where we're looking at it. I mean, like we've always mentioned though, our growth isn't always perfectly smooth and linear. It may sort of be lumpy at times in all likelihood, just given where we're at -- it would likely be more heavily weighted toward the back half of the year as we're thinking through it.

[Jeff Rulis, analyst]

Got it. Maybe switching gears, Joe, I appreciate the comments on kind of that historical coupling of asset growth and expense growth that assets were down in the quarter and expenses up 7% length. That's kind of a near-term jog, but I'm trying to kind of rationalize where expenses head in the next couple of quarters relative to -- if loan growth is going to be pretty muted, I just want to get a sense for -- and some of that expense base, you can't control with sort of the FDIC side, but just kind of near term and then even a similar question that was asked, Nick, just kind of expense growth in '24, do you think we revert back to kind of historical kind of pairing of asset growth and cost growth?

[Joseph Chybowski, executive]

Yes, I think you're thinking about it the right way, Jeff. I think -- we look at it more over the year and over the long haul. And as we've always said, that relationship has held up, whether it's on a growth rate basis or if you look at noninterest expense to average assets, that ratio, if you take a step back and you look at it on the full year, that's relatively in line.

So to Nick's point, mid-single-digit loan growth next year. I'd also expect expenses to run in line with that. So I think it's hard from a quarter-over-quarter basis, we don't think about it that way. We just -- we think about it more over the long haul. And as we guided last quarter, we expected a step-up in the third quarter on a linked quarter basis. But again, looking back on a year-to-date basis, it's only 6%. And if you think of asset growth over the last year, it's 10%. So that relationship remains intact.

[Jeff Rulis, analyst]

And maybe a credit-related question, just on -- so I'm curious, second guessing on multifamily loans of late, just in the kind of listening to some other calls. At 37% of the portfolio, maybe Jeff, just a question on kind of the long-term viability of that sector, what's been very historically very clean. Just want to revisit from your end, how you feel about your comfort level with the multifamily segment in general?

[Jeffrey Shellberg, executive]

Great question. And like you said, there has been a lot of press out there on the -- just the overall national multifamily market recently. We feel good about the portfolio. We feel good about the Twin Cities market. We've talked to you about this before, but the market in the Twin Cities has always been -- has never really been a bloom or bust market, been much more stable characteristics in terms of rent growth and with occupancy levels. There was a recent report just nationally on multifamily that we're trying to gauge overbuilt market by looking at the number of units under construction relative to the total inventory in the market and the Twin Cities came in at 5%, which was lower than the national average.

So I think it tells you that there's just -- it's not being overbuilt, also with some of the pressures on the single-family market with the lack of inventory on the market and interest rate environment floating up. That bodes well for the multifamily market as well in terms of the need for housing. With that said, with our covenant testing and interest rates folding up, we have seen some compression in debt service coverage ratios of projects. We expect that will be somewhat short term and then over the long term, that will come back to a more normalized ratio.

And I guess the last thing I want to add is just that affordable housing units represent a significant portion of our market and the Twin Cities like everywhere is lacking in affordable units. So I think that, that is another just data point that reflects stabilization in the portfolio.

[Jeff Rulis, analyst]

And if I could, Jeff, just overall, outside of multifamily, I just looked at credit in general, your thoughts, watch list balances down a bit, substandard up a bit. But NPAs and net charge-offs continue to be pretty great. But overall, kind of body language on credit.

[Jeffrey Shellberg, executive]

No. Just -- no, feel good. We're probably more dialed into the portfolio between covenant testing between looking at repricing of loans. I think that that's probably the a lot of banks are looking at that the same way as one of the bigger risk factors out there, as I mentioned in the deck shows that we have a lot of fixed rate product because of our commercial real estate focus. So that helps from a repricing standpoint. But we're just continuing to dive in wherever we can in order to try to identify potential risk factors that would impact the portfolio. But right now, we're not seeing too much.

[Operator]

This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the call back over to Jerry Baack for any closing remarks.

[Gerald Baack, executive]

Thanks for joining the call today. BWB remain optimistic about the future, and we are seeing encouraging trends and continue to push our strong culture, our brand, our networking events. We have some of the best clients, I think, in the nation and are obviously our employees, too. So thanks for your time today, and we'll talk to you next quarter. Bye.

[Operator]

This concludes the presentation. Thank you for attending today's conference. You may now disconnect.