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Good
morning
and
welcome
to
Tritax
Big
Box's
Results
Presentation
for
the
Financial
Year
Ended
31st of
December
2021.
I'm
Ian
Brown,
the
Head
of
Investor
Relations
for
Tritax.
Before
I
hand
over
to
Aubrey, our
Chairman,
I
will
quickly
run
through
some
housekeeping
points.
Firstly,
today's
presentation
is
being
recorded,
and
a
replay
and
transcript
will
be
available
on
our website.
And
secondly,
there
will
be
an
opportunity
for
investors
and
analysts
for
questions
to the
team
at
the
end
of
the presentation.
To
submit
a
question,
please
use
the
text
box
in
the
webcast
for you
to
type
your
question.
I'll
now
hand
over
to
Aubrey
to
kick
off
proceedings.
Thank
you.
Good
morning,
everyone,
and
welcome
to
Tritax
Big
Box
REIT's
results
presentation
for
the
year
ended
31
December
2021.
And
what
a
year
it
was.
We
are
today
reporting
an
outstanding
set
of
results
which
demonstrate
that
our
strategy
is
working.
Long-term
shifts
in
behavioral
patterns
resulting
from
the
COVID
pandemic
and
exacerbated
by
Brexit
have
increased
the
importance
of
logistics
and
quality
supply
chains.
Being
in
the
right
location
with
the
right
infrastructure
in
place
is
now
mission-critical
for
businesses.
With
demand
set
to
continue
to
outstrip
supply,
we
have
a
clear
vision
for
the
future,
which
would
enable
us
to
further
capitalize
on
this
huge
opportunity
available
to
us.
We
are
accelerating
the
development
of
our
existing
substantial
land
platform,
the
biggest
in
the
UK
for
logistics.
To
address
this
demand,
we
target
starting
3 million
to
4
million
square
feet
of
development
in
the
year
ahead,
and
we
have
the
potential
to
accelerate
this
development
program
further.
This
will
also
create
further
asset
management
opportunities
as
we
continue
to
focus
on
delivering
strong,
attractive,
and
sustainable
total
returns
for
our
shareholders
from
our
complementary
development
and
investment
portfolio.
There have
been
some
changes
to
the
board
over
the
year.
I'm
delighted
to
be
here
today
for
the
first
time
as
Chair
of
the
Board,
having
previously
acted
as
a
Senior
Independent
Director.
Alastair
Hughes
has
replaced
me
in
this
role.
We're
also
pleased
to
welcome
two
hugely
experienced
Non-Executive
Directors,
Wu
Gang
and
Elizabeth
Brown,
who
we
will
look
to
introduce
to
you
during
the
year
ahead.
Richard
Jewson
and
Susanne
Given
have
stepped
down
from
the
board.
I
want
to
personally
thank
them for
their
huge
contribution
and
wish
them
every
success
for
the
future.
It
just
leaves
me
to
thank
you,
our
shareholders
and
the
wider
Tritax
team,
for
your
support
during
the
year.
We're
excited
about
the
opportunity
ahead
in
logistics
and
have
the
team,
the
strategy,
and
the
appetite,
and
supportive
market
fundamentals
for
future
delivery.
Thank
you
again
for
joining
us
today.
I
will
now
hand
over
to
Colin
and
Frankie
for
the
formal
part
of
the
results
presentation.
Thank
you,
Aubrey,
and
good
morning,
everyone.
I'm
really
pleased
to
be
presenting
the
2021
full-year
results
for
Tritax
Big
Box
and
to
provide
you
with
an
update
on
the
further
excellent
progress
that
we're
making.
My
name
is
Colin
Godfrey,
and
I
am
CEO
to
Tritax
Big
Box.
I'm
pleased
to
be
joined
in
the
presentation
today
by
Frankie
Whitehead,
Chief
Financial
Officer.
I'll
kick
off
the
presentation
with
a
brief
introduction.
Frankie
will
then
run
through
our
financial
results,
and
I'll
return
with
a
strategic
update.
Ian
will
then
coordinate
Q&A.
In
2021,
we
delivered
the
strongest
performance
in
our
history.
Looking
forward
today,
we
remain
very
excited
about
the
outlook
for
our
market
and
the
ability
of
our
business
to
deliver
attractive
returns
because
we're
implementing
a clear
strategy
that
anticipated
the
market
conditions
that
we're
experiencing
today.
This
combines
the
resilient
income
from
our
high-quality
investment
portfolio,
together
with
the
ability
to
produce
attractive
returns
from
development,
which
is
delivering
sustainable
investments
in-house.
And
there's a
terrific
runway
of
opportunity
embedded
within
our
land
portfolio,
the
UK's
largest,
with
the
potential
to
deliver
over
40 million
square
feet
of
logistics
facilities.
And
this is
all
captured
in
the
key
messages
from
today's
presentation.
A
set
of
record
results
in
terms
of
earnings
growth,
NAV
growth,
and
total
returns.
A
clear
and
compelling
strategy
that's
delivering
now
but
is
also
positioned
to
take
advantage
of
the
market
dynamics
to
deliver
into
the
longer
term.
Powerful
fundamentals
noting
a
highly
favorable
occupier,
supply-and-demand
imbalance,
barriers
to
entry,
and
a
strong
investment
market.
And
finally,
the
combination
of
our
investment
and
development
portfolios
are
producing
excellent
returns,
not
just
now
but
also
offering
the
opportunity
to
capture
strengthening
income
growth
and
accelerate
development
activity
to
enhance
capital
growth.
Put
simply,
we've
never
been
more
excited
than
we
are
today
about
the
long-term
prospects
for
our
business.
Critically,
the
strong
performance
we've
announced
this
morning
has
been
underpinned
by
delivery.
We're
consistent
doing
what
we
said
we
would
do.
Looking
at
the
left-hand
column,
we
said
that
we
would
produce
2
million to
3
million
square
feet
of
developments,
grow
rents,
improve
our
leading
ESG
credentials,
and
deliver
attractive
performance.
Turning
to
the
middle
column,
in
2021,
we
exceeded
expectations,
having
delivered
3.7
million
square
feet
of
development
starts,
grown
our
income
at
a
faster
rate,
achieved
improved
ratings
across
all
major
ESG
indices,
and
delivered
record
total
returns.
And
on
the
right-hand
column,
looking
forward,
we
see
even
more
to
come
with
significant
opportunity
to
enhance
sustainability,
accelerate
our
development
activity
and
CapEx,
and
capture
strengthening
market
rental
growth,
all
supported
by
a
market
which
we
believe
will
underpin
attractive
returns
into
the
longer
term.
And
as
I
said,
this
is
possible
because
of
our
strategy
and
how
we
position
the
business
to
take
advantage.
We'll
return
to
the
theme
of
delivering
our
strategy
in
a
few
minutes,
but,
first,
I'll
hand
over
to
Frankie
to
run
you
through
the
financial
results.
Frankie?
Thank
you,
Colin;
and
good
morning,
everyone.
2021
really
has
been
an
outstanding
year
for
the
company
in
terms
of
its
financial
performance.
I'm
pleased to
be
presenting
our
strongest
set
of
results
ever,
and
we
are
confident
that
our
strategy
of
combining
high-quality
investment
assets
with
our
significant
development
pipeline
is
one
that
will
continue
to
deliver
attractive
returns
to
shareholders
both
over
the
short
and
longer
term.
And
you
can
see
this
outstanding
performance
from
our
headline
figures
here.
The
adjusted
EPS
is
up
nearly
15%
to
ÂŁ0.0823,
driven
by
development
completions,
rental
growth
across
the
investment
portfolio,
and
higher
levels
of
DMA profit
recorded
in
the
year.
You'll
hear
from
Colin
in
a
moment
that
our
market
fundamentals
are
exceptionally
strong,
which
has
helped
us
deliver
a
record
27%
increase
in
NAV
to
ÂŁ2.226.
And
that
has
resulted
in
a
total
accounting
return
of
30.5%
for
the
year.
Again,
another
record
for
the
company.
And
finally,
our
balance
sheet
remains
extremely
well positioned
to
support
and
finance
our
near-term
development
and
value-add
opportunities.
In
January
of
this
year,
due
to
the
increased
levels of
visibility
on
our near-term
development
pipeline,
we
increased
our
development
CapEx
target
for
2022.
And
we
expect
that
to
translate
into
further
attractive
growth
for
shareholders
this
coming
year.
On
this
slide,
we
can
see
that
our
delivery
of
net
rental
income
growth
along
with
our
efficient
cost
base
is
leading
to
strong
underlying
earnings
growth.
The
group
net
rental
income
increased
by
14.3%.
As
expected,
this
was
predominately
driven
by
in-year development
completions
which
added
ÂŁ24
million
to
annual
passing
rent.
The
total
contracted
annual
rent
grew
to over
ÂŁ195
million
as
at
the
end
of
December.
Our
operating
costs
have
again
shown
further
improvement
on
a
relative
basis.
The
operational
benefits
of
further
scale
have
been
seen
through
our
EPRA cost
ratio
reducing
to
13.9%,
which
remains
one
of
the
lowest
within
the
REIT
sector.
The
adjusted
earnings
per
share
has
increased
by
nearly
15%
to
ÂŁ
0.0823,
which
is
inclusive
of
the
full
amount
of
development
management income
recognized
during
the
year.
As
in
previous
periods,
we
also
look
through
to
our
adjusted
earnings,
which
we
consider
to
be
recurring.
This
is
by
stripping
out
the
exceptional
element
of
the
DMA
income.
On
this
basis,
adjusted
EPS
has
risen
to
ÂŁ0.0738,
which is an
increase
of just
under
7%.
And
in
terms
of
the
dividend
per
share,
we
have
declared
a
ÂŁ0.019
dividend
this
morning
for
quarter
four,
taking
the
total
dividend
to
ÂŁ0.067,
an
increase
of
just
under
5%.
This
translates
into
a
dividend
payout
ratio
of
91%
as
we
look
to
deliver
attractive
and
sustainable
dividend
progression
over
the
long term.
When
we
look
at
the
2021
earnings
bridge,
it
clearly
sets
out
the
drivers
to
our
strong
underlying
EPS
growth.
It
also
sets
out
the
scale
of
the
development management
income
received
in
the
year.
A
key
driver
of
income
growth
is
through
our
development
activity.
As
expected,
it's
the
3.7
million
square
feet
of
development
completions
this
year,
which
has
had
the
biggest
effect
on
underlying
earnings
with
ÂŁ0.009
added
from
our
development
activity.
The
like-for-like
rental
growth
across
the
portfolio
was
3.3%.
And
this
has
added
a
further
ÂŁ0.003
to
current-year
earnings.
Elsewhere,
the
impact
of
our
disposal
activity
in
2020
outweighs
our
investment
activity
during
the
course
of
this
year.
We
also
note
the
reduction
in
license
fee
income,
as
this
has
now
converted
into
rental
income
as
those
buildings
have
reached
their
practical
completions.
And
these
items
get
us
the
majority
of
the
way
to
the
adjusted
earnings,
excluding
exceptional
DMA,
of
ÂŁ0.0738,
which
is
a growth
of
just
under
7%.
It's
worth
pointing
out
that
both
the
ÂŁ0.069
starting
position
and
the
ÂŁ0.0738
include
ÂŁ4
million
of
DMA
income,
which
is
the
midpoint
of
our
medium-term
guidance
range.
In
terms
of
the
development management
income
for
2021,
we
have
recognized
an
additional ÂŁ15
million
of
profit
this
year.
This
has
principally
come
from
one
contract
which
has
now
been
fully
delivered
and,
for
this
reason,
is
considered
nonrecurring.
We,
therefore,
base
our
dividend
assessment
against
the
ÂŁ0.0738.
And
the
surplus
DMA
income
is
effectively
reinvested
into
opportunities
to
create
recurring
earnings
growth
into
the
future.
The
strong
income
performance
is
mirrored
in
our
delivery
of
capital
growth
where
we
have
delivered
improvement
across
all
key
balance
sheet
performance
metrics.
The
total
portfolio
value
grew
to
approximately
ÂŁ5.5
billion
at
December.
The
valuation
surplus
recorded
across
the
portfolio
totaled
19.1%,
which
contributed
ÂŁ840
million
to
NAV
growth.
We
have
deployed
ÂŁ372
million
of
capital
during
the
period.
And
as
targeted,
the
majority
of
this
has
been
channeled
towards
our
attractive
development
pipeline.
Our
EPRA
NTA increases
to over
ÂŁ4
billion,
which
equates
to
ÂŁ2.226.
This
is
an
increase
of
27%
over
the
12
months.
With
an LTV
positioned
at
23.5%,
this
allows
us
to
approach
our
near-term
opportunities
with
conviction.
Having
secured
new
financing
in
the
year
to
support
it
with
its
delivery,
the
balance
sheet
position
now
allows
us
to
focus
heavily
on
execution,
whilst
also
being
reactive
to
other
opportunities
as
they
present
themselves.
Put
simply,
we
have
had
a
fantastic
year
with
the
financial
performance
culminating
in
a
record
total accounting
return
for
the
company
of
over
30%.
Turning
to
the
detail
behind
our
strong
NAV
growth.
The
continuing
strength
and
weight
of
capital
in
the
investment
market
has
caused
yields to
tighten
by
approximately
45
basis
points
across
our
portfolio.
Now
with
an
equivalent
yield
positioned
at
4.1%,
we
still
feel
there
is
opportunity
for
further
value
growth
to
come.
The
portfolio
ERV
growth
has
also
accelerated
in
the
second
half,
increasing
by
7.5%
across
the
year.
This
investment
portfolio
performance
has
allowed
us
to
add
ÂŁ0.39
to
our
NAV.
Our
development
assets
have
added
a
further
ÂŁ0.06
to
performance,
and
we
are
expecting
to
be
able
to
improve
on
this
component
as
our
development
activity
increases.
When
noting
the
impact
of
the
operating
profit
and
dividends
paid
in
the
period,
this
takes
us
to
the
closing
EPRA
NTA
of
ÂŁ2.23
per
share.
So,
we've
had
a
year
of
compelling
financial
performance,
but
the
really
exciting
thing
for
us
is
the
huge
opportunity
ahead
and
the
ability
to
significantly
accelerate
our
income
growth.
This
rental
income
bridge
illustrates
the
potential
we
have
to
grow
today's
passing
rent
from
ÂŁ195
million,
as
shown
on
the
left-hand
side,
by
approximately
2.5
times,
up
to
an
estimated
ÂŁ480
million.
So,
moving
from
left
to
right,
the
current-year
ERV
growth
has
increased
our
portfolio
rental
reversion
to
an
attractive
11%
or
ÂŁ21
million.
As
set
out
at
the
recent
investor
seminar,
the
increase
in
occupational
demand has
led
to
an
acceleration
in
activity
within
our
near-term
pipeline.
And
you
can
see
this
coming
through
within
the
green
bars
on
the
chart.
Starting
with
those
items
in
green,
we
can
add
ÂŁ10 million
of
potential
rent
from
our
current
development
pipeline,
ÂŁ2.5
million
of
which
has
been
secured.
Quarter
one 2022 has
already
started
well
with
over
1.8
million
square
feet
of
construction
having
already
commenced.
These
assets
have
the
potential
to
add
a
further
ÂŁ13
million
to
passing
rent,
of
which
approximately
half
has
been
pre-let.
And
looking
at
the
final
green
bar,
a
further
potential
ÂŁ14
million
could
be
added
from
the
remainder
of
our
targeted
2022
development
starts.
Taking
all
of
this
into
account,
this
gets
us
to
the
bar
totaling
ÂŁ253
million.
So,
including
our
current
development
pipeline,
the
targeted
2022
development
starts
and
the
rental
reversion,
we
have
the
opportunity
to
grow
passing
rent
by
ÂŁ58
million
or
30%
over
the
near term,
which
from
a
timing
perspective,
we
would
expect
to
translate
into
acceleration
in
our
earnings
growth
from
2023
onwards.
The
scale
of
our
medium-
and
longer-term
future
pipeline
is
unique
to
us
and
unique
to
the
UK.
And
without
factoring
in
any
future
rental
income
growth
into
these
figures,
the
land
portfolio
has
significant
embedded
potential,
which
means
we
have
confidence
in
the
shorter
and
longer
term
over
our
delivery
of
future
income
growth.
Moving
on,
and
our
balance
sheet
also
really
is
in
great
shape.
Noting
the
increase
in
visibility
we
now
have
over
the
near-term
pipeline,
as
I
have
just
walked
you
through,
we
took
the
decision
to
remove
the
associated
near-term
financing
risk.
Last
September,
we
issued
ÂŁ300
million
of
new
equity
in
what
was
a
significantly
oversubscribed
issuance.
Reflecting
the
confidence
we
have
in
the
deployment
of
this
into
attractive
opportunities,
we
are
now
extremely
well positioned
with
a
loan-to-value
at
24%
and
over
ÂŁ600
million
of
available
liquidity.
This
means
that
we
can
run
hard
and
focus
on
the
execution
across
that
near-term
pipeline,
while
still
providing
flexibility
within
our
capital
structure
to
run
even
harder
should
further
opportunities
present
themselves
beyond
what
we
anticipate
today.
I
just
want
to
finish
by providing
some
guidance
and
set
out
how
I
see
our
positive
long-term
outlook.
The
investment
portfolio
provides
our
core
income
return,
and
we
are
confident
that
it
will
deliver
sustainable
earnings
growth.
This
includes
over
50%
of
our
rent
roll
which
is
subject
to
review
over
the
next
two
years,
alongside
an
ability to capture
the
significant
rental
reversion.
We
have
plans
to
recycle
capital
this
year,
but
it's
about
optimizing
the performance
of
the
portfolio
and
managing
investment
disposal
timings
with
the
delivery
of
income
from
our
developments.
Our
longer-term
guidance
on
disposals
is
ÂŁ100 million
to
ÂŁ200
million per
annum.
We
will
continue
to
manage
our
balance
sheet
efficiently,
ensuring
we
maintain
financial
discipline
as
we
have
done
during
2021.
Investment
purchases
will
be
looked
at
in
an
opportunistic
manner,
but
these
will
have
to
meet
our
strict
returns
criteria.
We
intend
to
continue
investing
for
growth.
We
have
increased
our
development
CapEx
guidance
for
2022,
targeting
ÂŁ350
million
to
ÂŁ400 million
of
CapEx
into
development
this
year.
From
a
yield-on-cost
perspective,
we
continue
to
manage
cost/price
pressures
well
internally.
Both
rental
growth
and
yield
compression
are
mitigating
a
lot
of
this
from
feeding
through
into
performance.
But
there's
been
some
downward
pressure
on
our
yield
on
cost
compared
to 12
months
ago.
We
remain
within
the
6%
to
8%
range
across
the
portfolio
and
expect
to deliver
between
6%
and
7% on
the
on
the
near-term
pipeline,
noting
that
there
is
still
a
very
attractive
arbitrage
here
between
this
and
prime
investment yields.
And
we
expect
to
deliver
attractive
future
accounting
returns.
From
an
earnings
perspective,
I've
set
out
how
we
expect
to
grow
our
income
through
our
near-term
development
pipeline.
Remembering
that
the
timing
of
income
delivery
will
be
linked
to
construction
timelines
and,
therefore,
earnings
growth
is
likely
to
steepen
as
we
move
into
2023
and
2024.
And
finally,
we
expect
that
to
translate
into
sustainable,
attractive
dividend
growth
for
shareholders
with
a
policy
of
paying
out
at
least 90%
of
our
recurring
adjusted
earnings.
So,
that
concludes
the
financial
review
where
we
are
looking
to
build
upon
a
very
strong
set
of
results,
capitalizing
on
extremely
favorable
market
backdrop
for
the
development
portfolio
that
provides
us with
a
real
competitive
advantage
to
drive
returns.
And
I shall now hand you back to Colin.
Thanks,
Frankie.
So,
Frankie's
described
our
record
performance
in
2021,
the
momentum
we
have
taking
us
forward,
and
why
we
are
financially
well positioned
for
the
future.
I'll
now
explain
the
market
dynamics,
demonstrate
our
strategy
and
action,
look
at
the
growth
opportunity,
and
consider
why
we're
well positioned
to
deliver
a
consistent,
strong
performance
into
the
long
term.
Essentially,
as
you've
heard
us
say
before,
it's
about
the
enduring
strength
of
our
market
and
how
our
strategy
and
our
expertise
are
aligned
to
take
advantage.
Three
of
the
key
drivers
to
occupational demand
are
continued
growth
in
e-commerce,
increasingly
complex
supply
chains,
which
need
to
be
resilient
in
the
face
of
continued
disruption,
and
occupiers
seeking
operational
efficiencies
through
consolidation
into
larger,
modern
and
more
efficient
facilities. And
with
that
backdrop,
let's
look
at
the
themes
that
we're
seeing
in
the
market
that
are
contributing
to
the
success
of
our
business.
In
the
top
left
chart,
we
see
2021
was
another
very
strong
year
for
lettings
at
42.4
million
square
feet,
broadly
on
par
with
the
previous
year.
But
that
was
undoubtedly
suppressed
by
constrained
supply.
You'll
see
also
depicted
by
the
terracotta
bar
that
unsatisfied
demand
is
equivalent
to
around
four
years
of
average
take-up,
which
bodes
very
well
given
the
supply
of
new
buildings
remains
constrained.
It
also
explains
our
confidence
because
the
structural
changes
we're
seeing
are
still
in
their
infancy,
underpinning
the
significant
scale
and
duration
of
the
opportunity,
which
is
very
positive
for
our
future.
Turning
to
the
top
right
chart,
as
just
mentioned,
supply
has
significantly
lagged
demand,
producing
the
lowest
vacancy
rate
ever
reported
of
only
1.6%.
And
there
are
now
only
two
buildings
available
to
let
that
are
over
0.5
million
square
feet,
one
of
which
is
in
the
course
of
speculative
development
and
the
other
is older
second-hand
space.
Bottom
left,
we
see
that
the
increasingly
acute
supply/demand
imbalance
continues
to
drive
rental
growth
and
agency
forecasts
have strengthened
for
the
next
few
years.
And
this is
reflected
in
our
own
development
portfolio,
where
we've
witnessed
strong
double-digit
rental
growth
in
some
locations
well
ahead
of
our
original
expectations.
And
bottom
right,
strengthening
and
resilient
rental
growth
has
encouraged
increased
investment
demand,
with
2021
producing
the
highest
level
of
investment
activity
recorded
for
industrial
and
logistics
property.
There
remains
a
wall
of
unsatisfied
capital,
and
we
do
expect
to
see
further
yield-induced
value
gains
in
2022.
That
would
be good
news
for
investment
assets,
our
land
and
the
assets
that
we're
developing.
So
for
us,
this
slide
demonstrates
the
growing
and
long-term
need
for
high
quality
logistics
space,
which
is
capable
of
helping
our
customers
respond
to
these
dynamics,
and
these
drivers
are
part
of
the
ongoing
market
backdrop
which
support
our
strong
performance.
It's
worth
reminding
you
that
we
designed
our
strategy
in
anticipation
of
these
long-term
trends
in
our
market.
And
again,
you'll
be
familiar
with
our
strategy
by
now,
but I'd
just
highlight
the
key
points.
In
essence,
there
are
three
key
components.
You
can
see
at
the
top
of
the
triangle
that
we've
deliberately
built
a
portfolio
of
high-quality
assets
attracting
great
customers.
We've
also built
the
capabilities
to
add
value
to
these
assets
through
direct
and
active
management.
And
we
apply
our
skills,
insights
and
innovation
gained
from
being
the
UK's
largest
investor
in
logistics
to
develop
our
land
portfolio
at
a
very
attractive
yield
on
cost.
And
I
really
want
to
emphasize
the
point
at
the
bottom
here.
This
strategy
is
underpinned
by
a
very
disciplined
approach
to
capital
allocation,
with
sustainability
being
embedded
right
across
the
portfolio.
Now,
this
case
study
is
a
really
great
example
of
our
strategy
in
action:
high-quality
customers,
proactive
management
and
development
working
together
to
create
opportunities
for
growth.
Now, B&Q is
an
existing
customer
of
ours
at Worksop
in
Nottinghamshire.
And
over
several
years,
we've
built
a
strong
relationship
with B&Q.
We've
grown
our
understanding
of
their
operations.
As
part
of
this,
we
undertook
an
in-depth
analysis
of
their
supply
chain
network,
and
we
shared
our
findings
with
the
senior
team
of B&Q.
This
highlighted
a
requirement
for
additional
space
in
the
Yorkshire
area
to
support
their
growing
leisure
business.
Our
geographically
diverse
land
portfolio
included
the
site
at
Doncaster,
the
fulfilled
the
brief
for
a
large
cross dock
facility.
We
already
secured
detailed
planning
consent,
so
this
enabled
us
to
offer
a
swift
delivery
of
the
building.
B&Q
felt
this
met
their
requirements
in
terms
of
location,
scale
and
timing,
and
subsequently
committed
to
a
new
15-year
pre-let
of
430,000
square
feet,
the
development
of
which
has
already
started
and
practical
completion
is
targeted
for
December
this
year.
The
building
will
be
constructed
to
BREEAM
Very
Good
and
an
EPC
rating
of
A.
It
will
have
20% solar
PV
panels,
and
will
be
net
zero
carbon
in
construction.
So
you
can
see
that
this
encapsulates
the
full
journey
of
our
strategy
from
investment
through
active
and
direct
asset
management
to
development
and
producing
new
high
quality
and
sustainable
investment.
This
brings
me
on
to
how
we
are
leading
in
ESG
across
our
business.
ESG
is
a
key
strategic
priority
for
our
business.
And
here
I
want
to
provide
an
update
on
our
strong
sustainability
position
and
the
progress
that
we
continue
to
make.
We've
handpicked
and
built
a
modern
and
sustainable
portfolio
and
its
modern
buildings
that
occupiers
are
demanding.
95%
of
our
floor
space
has
an
EPC
rating
of
A
to
C.
Also,
approximately
half
of
total
floor
space
is
certified
to
BREEAM
Very
Good
or
Excellent,
well
above
the
industry
average.
And
this
is
reflected
in
our
leading
ESG
position.
This
is
a
critical
factor
because
our
portfolio
modernity
means
that
we
don't
face
significant
future
CapEx
requirements
to
enhance environmental
performance
and
meet
government
targets.
This
reduces
the
risk
of
brown
discounts
to
capture
value
and
ensures
that
our
buildings
are
fit
for
future
occupiers
and
purchasers.
Our development
activities
allow
us
to
integrate
ESG
performance
throughout
the
lifecycle
of
a
building,
from
design
to
construction
to
asset
management.
Our
net
zero
carbon
pathway
targets
are
set
to
reduce
embedded
carbon
and
deliver
new
buildings,
which
are
net
zero
in
construction,
the
new
building
at
Doncaster
being
a
good
example.
Our
focus
on
social
impact
is
to
support
local
communities
through
job
creation
and
local
charity
partnerships.
And
in
tandem,
we're
working
hard
to
implement
initiatives
which
produce
biodiversity
net
gains
on
our
sites
and
in
the
local
area.
We're
implementing
increased
levels
of
renewable
power,
and
in
2021,
we
generated
903
megawatts
of
solar
PV
power
for
our
customers,
avoiding
over
208
tonnes
of
carbon
emissions.
Now,
every
year
we
poll
our
occupiers
on
what's
important
to
them. And
we've
seen
a
notable
increase
in
ESG
as
a
factor
within
their
decision-making,
with
nearly 70%
saying
it
was
very
important
to
them.
And
that's up
from
50%
four
years
ago.
This
activity
is
being
recognized
within
our
ESG
scores
with
improvements
in
our
ratings
from
every
major
agency.
And
as
mentioned,
our
portfolio
already
screens
well,
but
we
will
continue
to
improve
these
ESG
credentials
both
for
our
investment
properties
and
for
our
developments.
As
I
said
earlier,
the
first
key
element
of
our
strategy
is
our
modern,
long-let
investment
portfolio.
But
we
don't
just
sit
back.
We
actively
manage
our
portfolio
to
optimize
its
performance,
the
second
key
element
of
our
strategy.
All
of
our
investment
assets
are
regularly
reviewed
for
opportunities
and
threats.
Our
objective
is
to
maximize
total
returns
whilst
optimizing
our
income
growth
and
ensuring
that
we
maintain
a
balanced
portfolio
with
low
underlying
risk.
We
will
seek
to
dispose
of
assets
which
we
believe
have
maximized
value
in
our
hands
and
acquire
investments
that
we
believe
will
be
accretive
to
the
portfolio
performance.
Investment
sales
will
also
help
fund
the
opportunity
in
our
development
portfolio,
which
is
accelerating.
Turning
to
income
composition
and
timing,
the
first
thing
to
say
is
that
all
of
lease
rent
reviews
are
upwards
only.
And
you
can
see
here
on
the
pie
graphs
that
we've
created
an
attractive
blend
of
rent
review
types.
About
half
of
our
investments
are
subject
to
inflation-linked
rent
reviews,
which
have
cap
and
floor
arrangements
with
around
a
third
being
open
market-linked
and
the
remainder
fixed
or
hybrid.
As
for
timing,
20%
of
our
rents
are
subject
to
annual
rent
reviews,
providing
attractive
and
regular
compounded
growth
with
the
remainder
reviewed
five-yearly.
And
the
recent
growth
in
market
rents
is
embedding
within
our
portfolio,
and
this
is
demonstrated
by
the
growing
rental
reversion,
up
from
6%
in
2020
to
11%
in
2021,
which
I'll
come
back
to in
a
moment.
So
let's
look
at
how
we're
putting
this
into
practice.
This
slide
captures
the
way
that
we
are
complementing
rental
growth
with
active
management.
During
the
period,
we
negotiated
the
lengthening
of
two
leases,
one
by
2
years,
and
other
by
10 years.
Of
the
37%
of
our
rents
up
for
review
in
2021,
we
concluded
32%.
This
delivered
a ÂŁ5
million
per
annum
increase
in
passing
rent
and
reflected
like-for-like
rental
growth
of
3.3%
annualized.
We
expect
further
progress
as
we
conclude
the
remaining
reviews
this
year,
with
the
5%
carried
over
from
last
year
added
to
the
35%
due
for
review
in
2022,
as
shown
on
the
chart. So,
this
positive
active
management
momentum
is
going
to
be
yet
another
driver
of
both
income
and
capital
growth
in
our
investment
portfolio,
but
also
for
our
development
activities
and
our
land
assets.
Now,
to
update
you
on
the
great
progress that
we've
been
making
in
the
third
key
element
of
our
strategy,
development.
In
January,
we
held
an
investor
seminar
focused
on
the
detail
of
our
development
activities, and
this
can
be
viewed
on
our
website.
At
the
year-end,
our
investment
portfolio
comprised
around
92%
of
GAV
and
the
development
portfolio
approximately
8%.
This
balance
has
been
a
conscious
decision,
so
that
our
development activities
are
supported
by
high
quality
and
robust
income
from
our
investment
assets.
So,
let's
now
look
at
what
we're
seeing
on
the
ground.
Well,
we're
seeing
significant
and
accelerating
demand
for
a
range
of
building
sizes
and
locations,
which
plays
to
our
strength
because
we've
got
a
geographically
diverse
portfolio
and
flexibility
within
our
sites.
But
of
particular
value
is
the
ability
to
offer
larger
format
buildings
which
competitor
sites
often
cannot.
And
this
is
paying
off
because
you'll
see
on
the
left-hand
pie
chart
that
most
inquiries
received
have
been
for
buildings
of
over
300,000
square feet
in
size.
Equally
positive
for
us
is
a
broad
range
of
occupier
types,
as
shown
by
the
middle
pie
chart,
with
online
inquiries
remaining
strong
at
nearly
half
of
the
total,
but
also
store
retail
and
third
party
logistics
operators
being
particularly
active.
Now,
Savills
recently
reported
that
over
the
last
two
years,
257
companies
had
leased
new
space,
indicating
a
significant
breadth
to
the
occupational
market
demand.
Strong
relationships
with
existing
customers
are
creating
repeat
business
for
our
development
activities.
But
we're
also
expanding
our
customer
diversity
with
a
healthy
list
of
high
caliber
new
inquiries.
And
in
2021,
we
added
DPD,
HarperCollins,
IKEA
and
even
Apple
as
new
customers.
This
all
translates
into
unprecedented
inquiry
levels.
At
the
year-end,
we
had
over
26
million
square
feet
of
live
inquiries.
Now,
this
breaks
down
into
over
60
million
square
feet
of
high-level
discussions
and
over
10 million
square
feet
of
negotiations
in
final
stages,
which
includes
deals
where
terms
are
agreed
or
which
are
in
solicitors'
hands.
So
how
can
we
fulfill
this
demand?
Here,
we've
presented
our
development
pipeline,
which
is
matching
up
market
demand
with
our
available
land.
Now
you've
heard me
say
before
that
there
are
barriers
to
entry,
and
it
can
take
many
years
to
achieve
planning
consent.
Our
own
portfolio
has
taken
over
10
years
to
assemble
and
to
finesse
to
get
to
a
position
where
it
can
fulfill
the
levels
of
demand
that
we
see.
Our
team
is
highly
experienced,
has
excellent
relationships
with
the
local
authorities
and
landowners
built
up
over
many
years,
and
a
tremendous
success
record
on
planning.
Our
land
portfolio
is
constantly
evolving
as
sites
and
projects
move
through
the
planning
and
development
process,
from
allocation
to
planning
consents.
The
goal
of
this
dynamic
model
is
to
create
a
rolling
program
of
consented
land,
which
runs
off
the
planning
conveyor
belt,
ultimately
producing
a
continuous
flow
of
buildings
under
construction
and
development.
Now,
to
help
provide
a
bit
more
granularity,
this
chart
breaks
down
the
development
pipeline
into
three
buckets
that
you'll
be
familiar
with
from
previous
reporting:
the
current
development
pipeline
including
projects
under
construction;
the
near-term
pipeline,
which
we've
now
split
into
anticipated
development
starts
over
the
next
12
months
and
starts
over
the
following
24
months;
and
then
finally,
the
future
development
pipeline
which
comprises
the
strategic
land
portfolio
that
is
further
back
in
the
planning
process.
Now, as
you
can
see,
in
addition
to
the
1.3
million
square
feet
already
under
construction
and
in
response
to
the
greater
visibility
of
occupier
demand,
we
expect
to
accelerate
development
starts
in
2022
to
around
3.7
million
square
feet.
In
the
following
two years
of
the
near-term
pipeline,
we
expect
activity
to
revert
more
in
line
with
the
long-run
average
or
around
2 million
to
3
million
square
feet
per
annum.
We
will,
however,
be
looking
to
bring
forward
planning
consents
where
possible
and
also
consider
enlarging
the
quantum
of
land
drawdowns
where
this
flexibility
exists
and
if
occupier
demand
remains
strong.
In
other
words,
we
will
seek
to
maximize
the
opportunity
that's
in
front
of
us
now,
whilst
also
carefully
managing
the
risk.
And
as
you'll
see
in
the
bottom
of
this
chart,
the
potential
additional
income
generation
at
each
stage.
Key
here
is
that
we
have
sites
at
all
stages
of
the
evolutionary
process.
That
is
a
really
optimal
position
in
our
view.
So,
that's
the
timeline.
Now
let's
look
at
how
we're
going
to
capture
the
opportunity.
So,
what
are
we
capable
of achieving
from
our
development
land
portfolio?
Well,
as
you
can
see
on
the
left,
we
have
all
of
the
attributes
for
long-term
success.
And
I'm
pleased
to report that
we're
making
very
good
progress
consistent
with
our
guidance.
This
is
now
showing
through
in
both
what
we've
achieved
and
increased
confidence
in
our
near-term
delivery.
2021
was
the
year
that our
development
activities
really
came
of
age.
We
delivered
3.7
million
square
feet
of
lease
completions,
added
ÂŁ24
million
to
our
rent
roll,
commenced
construction
of
1.3
million
square
feet,
and
secured
a
further
3
million
square
feet
of
further
planning
consents.
Now
turning
to
2022, we've
made
a
really
terrific
start.
We've
already
commenced
1.8
million
square
feet
of
development.
And
because
of
the
heightened
level
of
demand
and
our
ability
to
respond,
we
are
messaging
an
acceleration
from
2 million
to
3
million
square
feet
of
development
starts
up
to
a
level
of
3
million to
4
million
square
feet
this
year.
The
1.3
million
square
feet
of
developments
under
construction
will
complete
in
2022
which,
when
added
to
the
3.7
million
square
feet
of
lease
completions
in
2021,
provide
visibility
on
ÂŁ36
million
of
potential
additional
rent.
So
to close
on
development,
I
just
want
to
say
that
we
are
in
a
unique
position,
and
we
will
look
to
exploit
the
development
opportunity
within
our
business
to
take
advantage
of
our
expertise
and
market
dynamics
whilst
employing
a
risk-controlled
approach
to
our
activities.
So
to
sum
up
and
before
we
get
to
Q&A,
I
just
want
to
emphasize
the
hugely
positive
key
points
from
today.
We
have
a
strong
balance
sheet,
a
number
of funding
options,
and
the
financial
discipline
to
deliver
attractive
and
sustainable
performance.
Our
clear
strategy
is
now
delivering
both
for
investment
and
development
assets,
and
we expect
enhanced
activity
in
both
areas
of
our
business
in
2022,
taking
advantage
of
the
very
favorable
market
conditions.
Structural
change
is
and
will
continue
to
benefit
our
market
with
inelastic
supply
and
unprecedented
occupier
demand,
driving
strong
rental
growth
and
attracting
increased
inflows
from
world
capital.
And
we
control
the
UK's
largest
logistics-focused
land
portfolio
capable
of
delivering
over
40
million
square
feet
at
very
attractive
yields
with
the
objective
of
enhanced
earnings
growth
and
the
creation
of
new
high-quality
investments.
So
our
excitement
and
our
enthusiasm
stem
from
being
at
the
right
place
at
the
right
time
with
the
right
strategy
and
the
right
product
with
the
right
team
to
unlock
value.
And
we're
doing
so
right
now.
Thank
you
for
listening.
That
concludes
today's
presentation.
I
will
now
hand
over
to
Ian.
He
will
coordinate
the
audio
Q&A
session.
Thank
you,
Colin.
That
concludes
our
presentation,
and
we'll
now
turn
to
Q&A.
[Operator Instructions]
Thank you
very
much.
Great.
So
we've had
a
couple
of
questions
come
in
through
the
webcast
through
the
course
of
the
presentation,
a
number
relating
to
rental
growth,
the
first
being,
could
you
expand
upon
the
prospects
for
future
rental
growth
from
the
portfolio?
Sure.
So
as
I
mentioned
in
the presentation,
32%
of
our
portfolio
was
reviewed
in
2021,
delivering
a
like-for-like
rental
growth
of
3.3%.
Now,
this
is
obviously
backward
looking,
over
a
five-year
time
horizon,
typically,
which
incorporated
a
period
with
lower
inflation
and
lower
market
rental
growth.
Obviously,
rental
growth
has
been
increasing
in
the
intervening
period
of time.
And
I
think
that's
evidenced,
as
I've
mentioned
in
our
strong
ERV
growth
in
the
portfolio,
up
7.5%.
Just
noting
how
we
can
access
that
and
the
11%
reversion
that
we
now
have
in
our
portfolio.
Firstly,
we've
got a
good
balance
of
rent
reviews,
index-linked
reviews,
broadly
half
of our
portfolio
providing
a
natural
hedge.
And
of
course,
open
market
rent
reviews,
which
together
with
the
hybrids,
which are
the
higher
of,
around
about
40%
enable
us
to
capture
that
true
market
rental
tone.
In
addition
to
that,
of
course,
we
do
have, you
know,
our
development pipeline,
which
enables
us
to
capture
market-leading
rents
at
the
coalface
on
brand-new
buildings.
And
there's
across
REIT
from
that, of
course,
against
our
investment
portfolio,
which
further
allows
us
to
drive
income
growth,
and
that's part
of
the
power
of
the
development portfolio.
And
of
course,
the
very
low
occupancy
levels
that
we're
seeing
across
the
market
are
allowing
us
to
beat
the
levels
which
we've
embedded
into
our
development
appraisals.
So,
that's
very
positive.
And
finally,
just to
mention
that
around
19%
of
our
income
expires
within
the
next
five
years.
And
again,
this
will
enable
us
to
capture
that
rental
reversion
in
the
near
term
on
new
lettings
for
some
of
our
existing
stock. Hopefully,
that
covers
the
point.
Great. Thanks,
Colin.
The
next
question
relates
to
inflation
and
sort of
the
experience
we
have
within
cost inflation
within
the
development
pipeline.
Thank
you, Ian.
So,
yes,
we
have
been
experiencing
certain
cost
price
pressures
with
regards
to materials
and
to
labor.
I
would
say
we're
seeing
some
stabilization in
that
of
late
in
the
last
few
months,
but
we
continue
to
monitor
that
closely.
We're
mitigating
where
we
can,
and
that
includes
the
entry
of
the
fixed
priced
build
contracts
on
all
of
our
developments.
I
would
say
rental
growth
and
[indiscernible]
(00:45:31)
shift
continues
to
prevent
a
large part
of
that
from impacting
on
our
performance
metrics.
So
as
we
iterated
today,
we're
still
confident
in
delivering
within
that
6%
to
8%
yield
on
cost
range
for
future
developments
and
note that
we
expect
to
be
in
the
in
the
lower
half of
that
range
for
our
near-term
portfolio.
Great.
Thank
you.
Next
question
then
is
from
[indiscernible]
(00:45:58)
at
Bank
of
America, who
asks
if
we
have
any
exposure
to
Eastern
European
tenants.
The
short
answer
is
no,
we don't.
Obviously,
we
are
concerned
about
events
in
Ukraine.
Our
thoughts
are
very much
with
the
people
that
are
being
impacted.
And
it's clearly
a
very
uncertain
situation.
It's
moving
day
by day
and
we're
monitoring
it
closely.
But
we
don't
have
any
Eastern
European
exposure,
and
we're
not
seeing
any
significant
impact
on
our
business
operations
because
we're
fortunate
enough
to
have
a
highly
resilient portfolio.
I
think,
that
was just
demonstrated
during
COVID
where
we've
had
100%
rent
collection.
And
I
think
that's
because
our
buildings
are
obviously
UK
only
but
they're
intrinsically
important
to our
customers.
Thank
you.
The
next
question
from
[ph]
Chan at Winterflood
(00:46:55)
who
asks, is
the
conversion
of license
fee
to
rent
recognized
in
the
adjusted
earnings?
And does
the
impact
net
off
the
loss
of
license
income?
Thank
you,
Chan.
Yes.
The
answer to that is
yes,
the
license
fee
reduction in
the
year
is
essentially
netted
off
the
adjusted
earnings
figure. So
yes,
it's
all
reflected.
Great. Next
question
from
Paul
May
at
Barclays,
how
up-to-date
do you
feel
your
valuations
are.
While
the
ERV
growth
of
7.5%,
45
basis
points
yield
compression
and
valuation
growth
were
strong,
they
appear
conservative
relative
to the
underlying
market
moves
especially
the
4.1%
equivalent
yield.
Thanks,
Paul.
So,
good
question.
Look,
the
CBRE
prime
yield
at
the
year-end
was
3.5%
for
15-year
income.
Valuation is
a
backward-looking
exercise,
picking
up
comparable
evidence.
We
were
–
where
for
instance,
at
the
year-end
or
very
close
to
the
year-end,
there
was
a
deal
done
for
an
Amazon
15-year
lease
it
for
a new
building
at
Peterborough.
From
memory, it
was
done at around
about
the
3.2% mark.
We
are
aware
of
assets
and
indeed
portfolios
which
are
currently
being
marketed
and/or
are
under
offer
off-market,
and
they
are
at
term – I
mean,
assuming
that
they
progressed
to
completion,
they're
at
terms
which
would
demonstrate
further
yield
compression
even
in
the
first
two
months
of
this
year.
So,
we
do
feel
that
the
positive
momentum
that
we've
seen
in
Q4
of
2021
has
been
carried
forward
into
2022, and
this
talks
to
the
relative
confidence
we
have
in
further
yield
compression
being
evidenced
in
2022.
So
of
our
current
4.1%
equivalent
yield,
yes,
we
feel
pretty
positive
about
the
prospects
for
further
capital
appreciation
during
the
course
of
this
year.
Great.
Further
couple of
questions
around disposals.
So, just
sort
of
thematically,
I
think
the
question
is
around
why no
disposal
during
2021
and
so
prospects
for
disposals
moving
into
2022?
Thank
you. And
so,
yes,
it's
correct.
No
disposal
in
2021. I
think
that's
reflective
of
our
view
of
market
conditions
given
the
level
of
yield
compression
we
experienced,
we
believe
that
holding
on to
those
assets
is
the
right
thing
to
do
and
enhance our
performance
in
respect
of
2021.
Going
forwards,
clearly
asset-recycling
is
a
good
investment
discipline,
and
we
look to
do
that
in
order
to
optimize
the
performance
of
our
portfolio.
We
have
provided
some
guidance
this
morning in
terms
of
both the
near
and
longer
term
disposal
targets
of
ÂŁ100
million
to ÂŁ200
million
per
annum.
So
we
see
that
as
a
trimming
of
the
portfolio
and
looking
to
optimize
performance
of the
portfolio.
And
we
look
to
recycle
that
capital
into
more
accretive
opportunities.
Yeah. And
a
question
from
Tom
Musson
at
Liberum
asks
if
the
demand in
the
market is
currently
four
years
of
average
take-up,
why
not
commit
to
3
million to
4
million
square
feet
equivalent
starts
more
than
just
the
next
12
months?
How
much
is
the
business
operationally
able to
commit
to in
any
given
year?
Yeah.
Thanks
for
that,
Tom.
Well,
look,
I
think
it's
fair to
say
that
during
the
last
six
months
or
so,
we've
gained
increased
visibility
on
taking
interest,
particularly
in
relation
to
our
near-term
pipeline.
And
as
you
quite
rightly
say,
we've
increased
our
guidance
up
from
2
million to
3
million
square
feet
in
2021
to
3
million to
4
million
square
feet
in
2022.
Now,
whilst
we're
giving
longer
term guidance
of 2
million
to
3
million
square
feet, there
is
nothing
to
prevent
us
from
maintaining
a
3
million to
4
million
square
feet
level
into
the
medium
term,
subject
to
the
demand
being
there,
which
is
being
relatively
prudent.
We
don't
have
that
crystal
ball.
And
you're
absolutely
right.
The
backdrop
of
the
market
is
very
positive
and
it
could
well
be
that
we
continue
to
travel
at
that
level.
I
think it's
important
to
recognize,
however,
that
we
continue
to
bring
land
through
the
planning
process
and
3
million
square
feet
consented
last
year,
also
implementing
infrastructure
works
at a
given
rate
and
mindful
of
the
rate
at
which
we
can
bring
through
continued
new
planning –
and
we
want
to
continue
to
be
able
to
replenish
that
planning
consented
bucket
so
we
don't
run
out
of
planning
consented
space. I
mean,
that's
important
to
continue
to
attract
occupier
interest
right
away
across
our
sites
across
the
UK.
And
indeed,
I
think
there
are
some
developers
that
are
probably
a
little bit
concerned
about
the
run
rate
at
which
they're
burning
up
their
planning
consented
sites,
bearing
in
mind
that
there
are
natural
barriers
to
entry
within
the
planning
system
which
are
going
to
control
the
supply
side.
And
I
think
that
that
will
keep
the
supply/demand
imbalance
very,
very
healthy,
but
it
doesn't
mean
that
one's
got
to
manage
that
process.
I
don't
think
we're
worried
about
the
potential
for
up-scaling
even
to
sort of
5
million-plus
square
feet
in
the
context
of
our
manpower
capabilities
within
the
business.
And
the
last
thing
I
think
just
to
mention
is
that
one's
got
to think
about
the context
of
that
totally
in
terms
of
number
of
buildings
and
the
size
of
those
buildings
and
the
type
of
those
buildings.
So,
for
instance,
if
you
get
a
multi-decked
building
let to a
major
online
retailer by way
of example,
and
it
could
be
2
million
square
feet
in
one
building.
So,
that's
a
very
different
proposition
than
creating
10
buildings
of 200,000
square
feet
each,
by
way of
example.
So,
there
needs
a
bit of
understanding
about
that
component
part
as
well. Hopefully,
that sort
of
gives
you a
bit
of
a
feel for
how
we
see
the
future
guidance.
Great.
A
couple
of
questions along
a
similar
theme
here
around
inflation
more
generally.
How
is
your
appetite for
inflation? I
think
lease
is
evolving,
especially
for
new
developments.
What
is your
preferred
rent
review
clause
for
new
leases
now?
And
similarly,
are we
likely to
see
more or
less
open
market
review
clauses
given
open
market
rent review
gains
are
higher
than
inflation
currently?
And
the second
part of
this
question,
on
the
inflation-linked
reviews,
most
of these are
capped
and
collared
with
your
average
range
of
1.5% to
3.4%. Do
you
suspect
they're
being
stretched,
given
kind of
rates
of
inflation?
And
are
tenants
willing
to
agree
higher
inflation-linked
caps?
I think that is
quite
a
few
components
in
there.
You
might
have
to sort
of
remind...
Remind to repeat those.
...you might
remind
us
a
bit
as
we
go
through.
Shall
I
start,
Frankie,
and then
we
can sort
of
[indiscernible]
(00:54:31)?
So,
I
sort
of
touched
on
– I
mean,
look,
I
think
the
first
thing
to say is
that
I
think
we're
very
well
positioned
to
mitigate
most
of
the
downside
risks
and
capture
the
upside.
But
as
I
said
earlier,
50%
of
our
leases
are
inflation-linked
that
act
as
a
cap.
Open
market
reviews
are
uncapped
typically.
I
mean,
it's
very,
very
rare
to
see
an
uncapped
inflation-linked
rent
review.
So,
the
uncapped
component's
typically
through
open
market, and
certainly
in
the
current
market,
we
are
seeing
stronger
growth
in
terms
of
open
market
rents,
I
think,
than
we've
seen
ever
before.
They're
kind
of
catching –
I
mean,
obviously, inflation
is
particularly
high
at
the
moment,
but
I
think
in
the
medium
term,
we
should
see
probably
stronger
growth
from
market
rents.
There
is
potential
to
capture
a
higher
proportion
of
market
rents
through
our
development
platform.
Occupiers,
certainly
the
largest-scale
corporates,
they
do
like
the
relative
certainty
of
knowing
that
their
rents
are
moving
in
tandem
with
underlying
inflation.
However,
of
course,
this
is
a
landlord's
market
in
many
respects.
We
do
have
strength
in
depth
of
interest
on
most
of
our
sites,
and
that
enables
us
to
negotiate
from
a
position
of
strength
in
relation
to
the
type
of
rent
review
that
we
would
like
to
see.
And
clearly,
if
an
occupier
is
going to
be
resistant
to
the
potential
for
open
market
rent
reviews,
then
they
may
well
lose
that
opportunity
and
find
themselves
struggling
to
meet
that
requirement,
having
to
move
to
a
location
which
is
less
favorable
for
them
and
not
securing
that
building
when
they
need
it.
So,
typically
we're
seeing
sensible
conversations
being
had.
We
are
now
seeing
more
conversations
along
the
lines
of
the
best
of both
worlds,
the
higher
of
open
market
or
inflation
as
well. So
I
think
we're
seeing
sort of
a
trend
in
that
direction,
which
is
positive
news
for
us.
Frankie,
do
you
want
to sort of
pick
up
generally
on
the
interest
rate
point?
Is
there
anything
more
to
say
on
that
or
have
we
covered
it
off?
Was
there
anything
else
in
that
question?
I
think
that's covered it already.
Okay.
Yeah,
that's
good.
Just
looking
at the next
question
coming
from
[indiscernible]
(00:57:20) at Ninety One.
He asks,
what
are
the
likely
effects
of
substantial
cost
pressures
on
your
tenants'
ability
to
absorb substantial
rental
increases?
He
also
asks, are
labor
issues
limiting
tenants'
ability
to
roll out
new
warehouse
locations?
Okay.
That's
a
great
question.
The
first
thing
to
say
is
that
property
costs
– from
the
analysis
that we've
undertaken,
property
costs,
say,
for
an
average
retailer,
typically
sits at
around
or
less
than
1%
of
total
operational
costs.
So,
if
your
rent
goes
up
by
10%,
sort
of
10 bps
on
your
total
operational
costs,
I
mean,
it's
a
relatively
small
amount
of
money.
It's
much,
much
more –
I mean,
what
occupiers
are
telling
us
is it's
much,
much
more
important
for
them.
I
mean,
clearly, they
don't
want to
pay
more
than
they
need
to,
but
they
have
to
be
in
the
right
place
at
the
right
time
to
fulfill
the
requirements
of
their
customers.
And
that's
much
more
important
when
we're
facing
structural
change
and
ever
more
complex
supply
chains,
customers
demanding
product
more
quickly,
more
reliably.
So,
I
think
that's
the
primary
focus
for
them.
We're
not
seeing
much
in
the
way
of
[ph]
cost/price (00:58:42)
resistance
to
escalation
in
rent.
Clearly,
there
is
a
consideration
in
terms
of
affordability
ultimately
and
ever
was
it
the
case.
But
it's
more
about
the
space
race
for
getting
the
right
buildings
and
the
right
locations
right
now.
In
terms
of
– I
think
the
last
point
you
mentioned –
was
it
labor,
labor
costs?
Labor
benefits.
Yeah.
That's
a
very,
very
good
point.
And
I
think the old adage of
location,
location,
location has
sort
of
changed
a
little
bit. So,
I
would say
sort
of
location,
power,
and
labor.
And
with
power
becoming
an
increasingly
important
component
part
of
occupier
thinking,
particularly
with
increased
levels
of
automation,
but
labor
is
very
important
as
well.
And
what
you
don't
want
to
do
that
as
an
occupier
is
sort of cut
your
own
throat
in
competition
with
a
competitor
next
door
because
there
just
isn't
the
right
labor
pool.
So,
most
occupiers
do
lots
of
work
on
this.
Now,
this
is
something
we
saw
really
when
we
set
up
our
business
back
in
2013,
and
we've
recognized
what
I
would
describe
as
the
sort of
devolution
of
the
distribution
network
in
the
UK
emanating
away
from
the
sort of central
focus
of
the
Golden
Triangle.
And
ever that
has
continued.
So,
you
see
lots
of
major
occupiers
now
moving
out
into
locations
where
the
motorway
network
is
less
congested,
where
they
can
more
readily
capture
labor,
appropriately
skilled
labor –
and
by
the
way,
lots
of
these
buildings
now
are
providing
labor
for
highly
skilled
workforces
at appropriate
pricing
points
where
they
can
retain
that
labor
and
invest
into
that
labor
with
training
and
obviously
retain
that
labor
in
the
longer
term. So,
it's
a
really,
really
important
point.
And
that's one
of
the reasons
why
we're
seeing
the
emergence
of
new
parks and
new
locations,
but
we
need
it
because
there's
so
much
demand
in
the
market.
We
need
the
emergence of
new
locations
in
the
UK.
Great. Thanks,
Colin.
Next
question
is
from
Mike
Prew at
Jefferies.
He's
asking:
are
you
holding
back
marketing
developments
to
capture
the
rising
rents
through
the
construction
phase,
or
is
there
still
a
pre-letting
requirement
before
breaking
ground?
Thank
you,
Mike.
So,
with
regard
to the
development
strategy,
it
really
is
about
a
balance
between
pre-let
and
speculative
activity.
So,
I
think a
good
demonstration
of
that
is
in
the
year-to-date
activity,
we've
commenced
1.8
million
square
feet,
of
which
around
56%
has
been
pre-let,
demonstrating
that
balance. So,
typically
on
the
larger-format
buildings,
we
will
look to secure
pre-let,
de-risking
that
aspect
of
the
strategy.
On
the
smaller,
speculative
assets,
we're
willing
to
obviously
break
ground
there,
commence
construction,
hold
back
the
rents,
potentially
creating
a
range,
looking
to
capture
the
live
level of
rental
growth
and
the
live
market
perspective
in
terms
of
securing
those
rents.
So,
answer is
it's
a
combination
of
both.
Great.
Thanks,
Frankie. Next,
I
think this
is
probably going
to
be
our
last
question
given
time.
A
question
from
[indiscernible]
(01:02:04) at
Bank
of
America.
You
mentioned
the
CBRE
prime
yield
is
3.5%
as
at
year-end
and your
reported
net
initial
yield
was
3.56%.
So,
should
we
interpret
this
as
not
lagging
the
CBRE
data,
or
am I
looking
at
the
data
incorrectly?
The
short
answer
is
it's
an
incorrect
interpretation.
So,
the
way
to
think
about
this
is
that
the
CBRE
yield
is
from
a
rec
rented
building.
And
in
that
circumstance,
your
initial
equivalent and
reversion
yields
are
all the
same
so,
i.e.,
3.5%.
The
3.56%
you
refer to
as
an
initial
yield
is
not
taking
into
account
the
intrinsic
benefit
of
the
reversion,
which
is
inherent
within
our
business.
And
that's
why
we
point
to
the
4.1%
equivalent
yield
which
is
the
number
that
one
should
view
as
comparable
with
the
3.5%
figure
that
I
mentioned
from
CBRE.
So,
that's
the
point of
comparison.
It's
4.1%
versus
3.5%.
And
when
one looks
at
the
quality
of
our
assets,
the
length
of
our
lease,
etcetera,
we
do
believe
that
there's
further
room
for
value
growth
in
our
portfolio
during
the
course
of
this
year.
But
one
has to
be
cognizant of
the
backdrop
of
macroeconomic
instability
and
the
effect
that
that
could have
on
markets.
So,
whilst
the investment
market's currently
very
strong,
we
still
obviously
have
the
remaining
part
of
2022
to
play
out.
Great.
I
think that's
it for the
questions,
Colin.
Splendid.
Well,
thank
you
very
much,
everybody,
for
supporting
the
business
during
the
course
of
last
year
and for
taking
the
time
to
join
us
today
and
provide
us with
your
questions.
We
really
appreciate
the
continued
interest,
and
we
wish
you a
splendid
rest
of
the
day.
Thanks
very much.
Bye-bye.
Thank you.