BRF SA
BOVESPA:BRFS3
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BRF SA
Earnings Call Analysis
Q4-2023 Analysis
BRF SA
BRF concluded the fourth quarter of 2023 achieving a net income of BRL 823 million, marking the end of a year focused on operational efficiency and sustained progress. The company's strategic commercial execution and strong portfolio management, centered on its Sadia, Perdigão, and Qualy brands, played a crucial role in the profitability surge experienced in 2023. Furthermore, BRF's international presence was bolstered by successfully entering new markets via a record number of plant licenses, ensuring a return to double-digit EBITDA margins.
The vital financial figures for Q4 are noteworthy, with net revenue reaching BRL 14.4 billion and EBITDA standing at BRL 1.9 billion, translating to an EBITDA margin of 13%—the best quarterly margin in years. The free cash flow for the quarter was a substantial BRL 613 million, the highest in three years. Working capital optimization was evident through a significant reduction in inventories, reflected in a financial cycle cut by 3 days year-over-year to 5.8 days. The quarter concluded with leverage at 2x EBITDA, the lowest in seven years.
BRF's operational efficiency was on full display in Q4. Gross profit reached approximately BRL 3.5 billion with EBITDA following suit. Brazil's market operations showed a robust EBITDA margin of 15.6%, aided by both seasonal successes and the consistency of processed products. The price recovery in the Brazilian market for fresh cut products complemented these results. On an international scale, the company saw a 7 percentage point increase in EBITDA margin compared to the previous year. BRF also experienced growth in the Halal market with an expanding portfolio of value-added products.
BRF's striving for efficiency yielded remarkable year-over-year improvements in poultry and pigs' feed conversion, mortality reduction, and hatch rates. Factory yields and logistics service levels in Brazil saw substantial gains. The company's focus on sustainability was manifested through a 26% reduction in absolute Scope 1 and 2 emissions and significant traceability advancements in grain suppliers. BRF's market leadership is evident in its towering market share in turkeys and special poultry during the festive period, reflecting brand strength and effective strategy during such critical sales windows.
With an optimal capital structure featuring a net debt of BRL 9.4 billion and a solid liquidity position, BRF expects to continue reducing interest charges in the upcoming quarters, aided by a capital infusion from a share offering in July 2023. The effective cost management, along with BRF Plus efficiencies, resulted in COGS reductions, setting a competitive stage for 2024. Cash flow performance, including an operating cash flow of BRL 1.7 billion and investment flows of BRL 741 million against a financial flow of BRL 435 million, reinforced an assertive free cash flow of BRL 613 million for the quarter.
CEO Miguel Gularte emphasized the significance of operational efficiency and financial discipline as the engines behind the company's robust year-end net profit and cash generation. The BRF Plus program contributed an additional BRL 525 million in the quarter, cumulating to BRL 2.2 billion for the year, and promises to be a continued source of efficiency gains going forward. BRF enters 2024 ambitiously, leveraging favorable market dynamics and operational advancements to potentially maintain and exceed its current trajectory.
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Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to BRF's Q4 and Full Year 2023 Earnings Conference. This conference is being recorded and will be available for replay at the company's website, ir.brf-global.com, where the presentation slide deck can also be downloaded. [Operator Instructions]
Before moving on, we'd like to emphasize that forward-looking statements are based on BRF's management's beliefs and assumptions as well as currently available information. These statements may involve risks and uncertainties seen as they relate to future events and, therefore, rely on circumstances that may or may not materialize.
Investors, analysts and journalists must acknowledge that events relating to the macroeconomic environment, the industry and other factors may lead to materially different results than those expressed in such forward-looking statements.
Joining our conference today are CEO, Miguel Gularte; and CFO, Fabio Mariano. I will now turn over to Mr. Gularte, who will begin the presentation. Please, Mr. Gularte, you may proceed.
Good morning. I'd like to start by thanking everyone for attending our earnings conference. BRF has reported net income of BRL 823 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. Throughout the year, we focused on efficiency and excellence while executing our business plan. We made progress quarter-by-quarter and ended the year with positive results largely driven by the company's improved operational performance and financial discipline.
We've closed this period with significantly lower leverage, the lowest in 7 years. Our ever-evolving commercial execution, improved product portfolio performance and consistent work with the Sadia, Perdigão and Qualy brands have supported our profitability boost in 2023.
In the international market, we've returned to double-digit margins, advancing in value-added products and securing a record number of plant licenses and new destinations.
Now I'd like to invite our CFO, Fabio Mariano, to present our financial results in further detail. After which, I'll come back for our final remarks on the announcement.
Good morning to everyone on the call. On the starting page, I'd like to focus on the main financial indicators for Q4 2023, starting with net revenue, which came to BRL 14.4 billion. Our EBITDA was BRL 1.9 billion. This gives us a 13% margin for the period, our best quarterly result in many years.
Our free cash flow performance was BRL 613 million. That's our largest quarterly cash generation in 3 years. In working capital, we significantly reduced our inventories, which helped us to secure a financial cycle of 5.8 days, 3 days shorter than in the same period last year. The inventory turnover reached 75 days, 18 days less than in 2022.
Ending this slide with leverage, we reached 2x our EBITDA in the last 12 months, lowest leverage in 7 years.
In the next slide, Page 4. We show on the left-hand side our gross profit over time with 24% profitability in the period. We've reported a gross profit of approximately BRL 3.5 billion. On the right-hand side, we also noticed the EBITDA progress as mentioned earlier.
In the next slides, we will present our performance by market or business. Starting with Brazil, we continued to progressively improve our operating results. Our EBITDA margin came to 15.6% with the help of our holiday campaign. The best profitability of the year was that, even excluding seasonal sales. Note the performance of processed products was consistent with historical levels despite the still sub optimal consumer environment in the country.
On Page #6, we highlight the recovery in prices of fresh cuts in Brazil, just as we had predicted in the previous quarter. At the bottom of the slide, we emphasized the increased accuracy of new product launches and continued progress of our commercial execution, which can be seen in the greater availability of products in store, greater penetration into new points of sales and a marked improvement in customer service levels, which significantly contributed to the performance of the domestic market.
On Page 7, we highlight the outstanding performance of our celebratory portfolio. We showed our leadership in the market and the strength of our brands during this special festive period. Our market share was 72% in turkies and 60% in special poultry, such as Chester.
The next slide shows our performance in the international market. We see this business's recovery coming to double-digit margins as new price levels for poultry and griller cuts and the downturn of costs with decreased grains and efficiency gains from the BRF Plus program. Our EBITDA margin increased by 7 percentage points compared with the previous year. We also noticed increased market share in chicken and poultry experts to many destinations.
On the next slide, we highlight the growing profitability in the Halal market in the Gulf countries. We continued to grow our market share in processed foods, which is in keeping with our plans to expand the range of value-added items in the region.
We also reported positive performance in Turkey, mirroring the larger share of processed foods and sales volumes and sound profitability levels in the unprocessed portfolio. We sustained our market share leadership with the Sadia and Banvit brands with 37% and 21% shares, respectively, in each of their markets.
On the right-hand side, I point out the Direct Exports business. We can see our prices performed for the main cuts. We grew our business alternatives with 16 new licenses for markets such as the United Kingdom, Africa and the Americas.
Our export licenses came to 66 or have 66 new ones in 2023. We also reduced our finished product inventories by almost 80,000 tons internationally versus '22 and Direct Factory Exports remain at high levels. Unsold inventories continue to fall, improving our commercial execution and relieving the capital we've employed.
I'll end the presentation talking about ingredients and pets. The business reported an EBITDA margin of 11.7%, BRL 98 million during this quarter. It's important to note that the development of our manufacturing output continued to contribute to the maximization of our results in the company's portfolio.
In the Pet business, we increased our share in sales of the Super Premium Natural category with higher profitability and higher exports throughout the year, ending 2023 with our first shipments to the United Arab Emirates.
We'd like to underscore the extension of our BRF Plus program to the Pet operation in search of growing our efficiency.
In Ingredients, we continued to focus on growing or expanding our markets and increasing sales of value-added items such as [ hydrolyzed seeds. ] We continued to add value to our co-products in order to maximize our business integration.
Next, I'll share the progress of our efficiency program, which Miguel will be quantifying in figures shortly. I'll show you comparisons with the same period last year. The bars were colored in light gray. The full year comparison can also be seen in the material you've received.
In agriculture and livestock, feed conversion of poultry and pigs fell by 2.5% and 1%, respectively. Chicken mortality fell by 2 percentage points and hatch rates increased by 5.6 percentage points. In manufacturing, we grew our factory yields by more than 5 percentage points. In logistics, we've reduced our returns and increased our service levels in Brazil in a very material way.
In the following slide, we show you the trend of our COGS, a major driver for competitiveness growth. On the left-hand side, we can see that the average COGS per kilogram in Brazil fell by 5 -- or rather 7.5% in the year versus 2022. And more importantly, the cost in the last quarter of the year was 5% lower than the average for the year, showing an excellent transition point for 2024.
Internationally, the COGS per kilogram in the last quarter was 8% lower than the average for the year. As we've already underscored, the improvement in COGS is anchored in the reduction in grain consumption within the BRF program.
On Page 14, we show you the highlights in sustainability. ESG showing achievements such as a 26% reduction in absolute Scope 1 and 2 emissions. Two, we are very close to achieving our clean energy self-production targets. Three, we've achieved 100% traceability in direct grain suppliers and 77% traceability for indirect suppliers in the Amazon and Cerrado biomes. Four, we won recognition for good animal welfare practices. Five, we've maintained our presence in the ISE and B3 carbon efficiency index portfolios. And lastly, we continued to generate positive social impact by engaging actions in 100% of the municipalities where we have a footprint.
On Page 16, we now show you information about the company's capital structure. In the chart on the left-hand side, we see the performance of our net debt and leverage. These indicators were already mentioned at the beginning of the conference. We have the lowest leverage in 7 years.
On the right, we can see our debt profile, which is still diversified and long, with no concentration of repayments in the near term and comfortable liquidity position.
The next slide shows you our free cash flow. The chart shows an operating cash flow of BRL 1.7 billion, an investment flow of BRL 741 million and BRL 352 (sic) [ 435 ] million financial flow. All of that adds up to a free cash flow of BRL 613 million, which is the best cash generation we've reported in any quarter in the last 3 years.
On the final slide, we talk about the performance of our net debt between the quarters. We reported a net debt of BRL 9.4 billion with contributions from the capitalization of our share offering in July. The allocation of funds from that follow-on offering will continue to help us reduce interest charges over the next coming quarters.
I'd like now to thank the audience and turn the floor over to our CEO, Miguel Gularte, for his closing remarks.
Thank you, Fabio. To conclude our presentation, I'd like to point out that our focus on operational efficiency and the financial discipline we've maintained quarter after quarter is what enabled the net profit and cash generation we've reported for the fourth quarter of 2023.
Our efforts and initiatives throughout the year were decisive for our sound performance in the period. The company's predicted intelligence model, combined with the efficiency gains from the BRF Plus program proved to be assertive throughout the year and allowed us to capitalize on grain origination in due time as prices fell, which led to a material cost reduction in the second half of the year.
Additional returns from BRF Plus totaled BRL 525 million in the fourth quarter, bringing the total for the year to BRL 2.2 billion. I should also highlight the progress we've made in major indicators throughout the year such as feed conversion, unprocessed food yields, animal mortality, commercial execution and logistics service levels among others.
Moreover, we've recorded the lowest FIFO discount levels in recent years, showing greater integration between our production and sales planning. Not only that, but we've also significantly reduced inventories across the board, bringing in savings in financial and storage costs.
The highlights of the year also include our higher profitability in Brazil, supported by our ever-evolving commercial execution and improved performance of our portfolio as a whole. In the fourth quarter, we reported an EBITDA margin almost twice that of the fourth quarter of 2022.
Special mention should also be made of the consistency and progress in the profitability of our processed foods portfolio in Brazil throughout 2023. In our international operation, our EBITDA margin returned to double digits in Q4 with a significant recovery in prices in all locations. Our market diversification strategy remained consistent as we resumed our exports to the United Kingdom.
In 2023, we secured 66 plant licenses for new locations in Latin America, Asia, Europe and South Africa. I should also underscore Sadia's leadership in the GCC regions Halal market, where we gained market share in process foods in keeping with our strategy of increasing the volume of value-added items.
Our results also mirror the consistent work of our leading brands in their respective markets, Sadia and [ Qualy Vita ] in South America; and Banvit in Turkey. We also saw an improvement in our people management indicators such as engagement, absenteeism and turnover and continued to invest in our team's development.
I'd like to point out our performance in occupational safety, where we reported the best rates in history, cementing BRF's benchmark position in the market. Our performance in the last quarter of 2023 confirms our team's ability to manage with focus and discipline. We step into 2024 motivated by the results we've achieved and with Version 2.0 of BRF Plus already well underway.
As I often say, here, the future begins every Monday, and we will continue to devote ourselves to pressing on with BRF Plus 2.0 in 2024, always striving for our company's continued evolution. We've opened a new chapter in our history with Marfrig's consolidation as controlling shareholder with more than a 50% stake, and we are confident we will continue our journey with commitment, agility, simplicity and efficiency.
I'd like to thank our dedicated associates for our progress and achievements. I'd like to thank our Chairman, Marcos Molina, and the Board of Directors for their unlevering trust, constant presence and continued support. And also like to thank our shareholders, our integrated outgrowers, our customers, our suppliers and all the communities where we operate. Thank you.
[Operator Instructions] First question comes from Guilherme Palhares from Santander.
Well, I'd say that the first question is more on the cost side. We're noticing this significant decrease the company has achieved from the unit cost standpoint. And we wanted to understand how much of that comes from operational leverage and how much comes from the slightly lowered fee costs?
And what could we look forward to in 2024 when it comes to the benefits of that factor? And my second question is I'd like to understand a little bit more about the exports movements. We understand the better prices and the licenses. So if you could update the company's perspective, thinking about the beginning of 2024, that would be great.
As to your question with regard to prices, and considering that we are operating under BRF Plus, that ultimately touches on all the links of the chain. We start with improvements on the agricultural side, and then you have food conversion aspects, which is benefited by aspects in the industry. And then you look at manufacturing, where you have costs and better performance, and you complement that with the commercial sense and will need better or more rational service and you can seize all of that on the cost side.
Evidently, this is a continued process. It started at the end of Q4 2022 and operated throughout 2023 which led to, as we reported over BRL 2.2 million excluding the FIFO effect, which would lead that to over BRL 3 million. We've talked about the design of BRF Plus 2.0 for 2024, and that continued to bring in effects throughout the year, and we expect this improved efficiency also enabled by a better situation in terms of international costs and prices.
We should be able to report a satisfying performance at the end of the year. I will now turn it over to Fabio, who will add to the first part of your first question and also add to the second question because, obviously, I only gave you the answer in broad strokes.
As already said, I will try to add a little bit to the answer with regard to costs. And then we can talk a little bit about our prospects for the markets, especially the international market. I think that Q4 was when we saw the lowest level of costs. And it does have to do with the decrease in feed prices, but also has to do with the efficiency plan that we've adopted BRF Plus. So that plan also involves what you mentioned, which is the operational leverage, seeing as we've increased our volumes and really made the most of our operational structure.
As we transition now to 2024, comparing this level with our cost in 2023, on the international side, you see a difference of 8%. And in Brazil, you see that difference is 5%. All of that should help us in terms of gross profit to have a very positive start of the year. And when we combine that with the cost benefits in the favorable prices, all of that makes us optimistic about the beginning of the year. So we're seeing healthy prices and a very competitive cost ratio that lead us to believe that the company has reason to believe we will have great results also in the first quarter of 2024.
That was perfect, guys. If you could also talk a little bit about your prospects for the export market.
Well, Guilherme, we are seeing the export market and the year with prices on the rise. And it's important to highlight the 66 new license that BRF's team was able to secure is very important. These new licenses take us to that quote that we've repeated over and over across the -- throughout the year, which is the best option is to have a range of options.
And when it comes to experts, that opens a range of choices for us in terms of new markets. And from a situational standpoint, we are seeing the entire market respond in time. So when the entire market is responding in terms of price, a company that has new licenses for new destinations and can leverage all of its brands, which are leaders in several different places, that allows you to predict and seize on those opportunities throughout the year.
So in 2024, we go into a process where the company is performing well in terms of operations in a market that's also performing well. So there's a better balance between demand and supply.
Our next question comes from Gustavo Troyano with Itaú BBA.
Well, there are 2 things I'd like to go over with you. The first has to do with the cash flow. In our last conversation, you talked a little bit about the breakeven and EBITDA, especially focusing on CapEx and financial flow. And it's interesting the financial result in Q4. So I just wanted to know if we can assume that this is the new breakeven point if it's reasonable to consider this the new normal?
And when it comes to cash flow, I know it's difficult to advance the results because of the average grain prices. But when it comes to finished goods inventory, is there any room for reductions? Or has all of that been tackled with BRF Plus in 2023? Now on housing, we had some preliminary data pointing to higher inventories in January and February. I'd like to hear from you if there's any movement from the company in terms of increasing or expanding housing, which could lead to lower prices moving forward? Or if there's any other side to that, that we're not seeing?
Gustavo. I will start with your first question, talking about the breakeven point and free cash generation. Well, what I can tell you is from a structural perspective, our focus would be to invest around the same level as we did in 2023, so around BRL 3 billion, maybe with a capacity for the biological assets, maybe even a little less than that, between BRL 2.8 million and BRL 3 million.
And then we need to consider the financial expenses. So we're working with a range between BRL 1.8 billion and BRL 2 billion considering interest charges and other factors as well. That would take us to a structural breakeven that would fluctuate between BRL 4.6 billion and BRL 6 billion, also depending on the interest rate charges that also affect that and the debt that's incurred in strong currency. So that's essentially the equation for the company to generate cash flow, it needs an EBITDA around that size.
On finished goods inventories, we've significantly reduced levels over the course of 2022. And just to remind you, in finished products inventories in Brazil, we reported in advance that we had already identified opportunities to reduce the finished goods inventories internationally throughout the year, and we decided to wait for the right moment because for most of the year, we navigated the market with outstanding prices.
So it's not the right environment to solve inventory problems. Now Q4 because there was a recovery in prices, we saw the opportunity to tackle that. So that's why we're seeing inventories with a turnaround time of 75 days, so pretty optimized. So any gains after that should be marginal. They should not be as representative as those we were able to secure throughout 2022 and '23.
And lastly, when it comes to housing, well, we have data for chicken housing of over 600 animals, but there are prospects for February and March, that point to a decline. It's important to note that Brazil supply is not what explains the production volume when it comes to poultry protein. Of course, Brazil is very representative, but we need to consider data from housing in the United States, Europe and Africa as well.
In the United States, we already have figures showing that 2023 was a year when housing decreased when compared to 2022 and even '21. We must also consider in that equation, the supply and the demand side. In Brazil, we see a consumer environment, although not as attractive, a lot better than the environment we had in 2023.
Per capita income is going up, employment is resilient, consumer confidence is at a sound level. And on the international side, we see strong demand in areas where we are dominant in the market such as in the Middle East. We plan to have a very successful campaign during the Ramadan period.
We have the spread with beef and poultry returning to levels, which are just slightly above the historical average. So we also need to assess demand and not only the supply side. And our understanding is the environment today is a lot more balanced than the one we had to navigate last year and even the year before that. So I will now turn it over to Miguel to add to my answer.
Well, I think you were very comprehensive. We should navigate a more normalized environment. And it's to be expected that the less efficient the environment is, the less efficient we will be in that market. And it's also important to remember that BRF is currently in a commercial position from the international standpoint that's very special.
In Q3 and Q4 of 2023, for example, we saw an exceeding Brazilian exports to Asia, even more than to the Middle East. And BRF has been a dominant -- dominance in that case, sometimes exceeding 50% market share. So we're ready for that. And evidently, a company with lower inventories or unsold inventories with no stopped inventory, and that's capitalizing a lot more agile -- in a much more agile way that type of situation. That's a huge plus. So we expect to see gains not only in the international market but also in the domestic market as well.
Our next question comes from Ricardo Boiati with Safra.
My first question is in relation to the inventory levels. Of course, it is a surprisingly low level. It's clear that efforts have been made for the reduction of inventory levels, especially for finished products. My question is related to the efficiency of this inventory level. Can the company maintain those historical levels? And can the stock out to the efficiency level be maintained without losing anything in the domestic market or in the international market?
Have we reached a level where we need CapEx for expanding the capacity to meet the demand even better as you have mentioned? And you have mentioned that the demand has been very healthy, both in Brazil as in the exports market. And we are -- the competitors are increasing capacity in some lines. And can the competitor cause any impact on the price, especially in the domestic market? So this is my first question.
I understand that you do not disclose the information on the profitability per product, but could you provide a ranking of the categories of products that performed better in this fourth quarter in terms of profitability, processed food in natural, fresh and processed, poultry. Could you provide a ranking roughly? What were the main drivers that led to a better profitability? It would be very nice for us to understand what's happening to the company.
I'm going to answer the first question, and then Fabio will answer the second question. I believe we have to understand that the BRF Plus program touches upon all of the aspects, not only inventory levels. There is a pricing system that provides an indication of related to which is the location and what's the price you have to employ. And then you can increase your level and the commercial assertiveness.
At BRF, we can see that we've made a lot of headway in the food rate. And our disruption rate is the lowest ever in the company. And being very objective when answering your question, by means of operational efficiency, we maximize the gains with low inventory levels. And this is from the logistics viewpoint.
And at the same time, we had a very high level of logistics performance, reaching high levels. From the viewpoint of commercial execution, we have the honor to say that both in Brazil and the international market and when I mentioned international markets, I include Halal geography, I can say that we've reached the right timing. And we can go beyond. We can even talk about grains.
Let's mention the previous quarters when we talked about the timing to purchase the grains, BRF followed its indicators and we saw some different situations in the market. And for that reason, we let our grain inventory levels low -- at really low levels. And when they reached the lowest level, we started purchasing grains, and we had a very comfortable position, and that was reflected in the costs. And this also shows that the efficiency and the execution of inventory levels, both as to grains or for exports, products for the domestic market, everything is integrated and interconnected. So the answer is yes.
The company can and will continue providing those levels of efficiencies, operating at a reasonable level of inventories with no risks of disruption because we have extremely quality information.
Now providing a complement on the investments on production capacity. I have already mentioned in the previous question when I talked about the breakeven of cash generation. I said that we must invest at levels of BRL 3 billion -- between BRL 2.8 billion and BRL 3 billion. And it's important to consider that the company in the pandemic years expanded its capacity quite a bit.
In terms of production, especially in the line of processed products, this capacity has not been fully used. That means that we still have some idleness in the lines, so we have an important growth plan for the years to come that will start in 2024. So the company has the capacity to grow and expand its volumes with a very marginal investment.
In relation to capacity as a whole, as we see in the market, historically, we understand we have all the conditions to compete. We have strong brands, quality products, and we hope to find the market logic, which is disciplined.
Now I'm going to address the last part of your question. You asked some more information about the categories. I would rather provide you with a breakdown saying that the most important contribution in relation to profitability, in addition to the seasonal portfolio of commemorative product comes from the recovery of unprocessed food as we had previously mentioned.
We had already mentioned in the third quarter, we were making the transition to the fourth quarter by using the best prices of cuts and the processed products continue to be resilient, but the biggest contribution came from the commemorative products, seasonal product. And this is what I can disclose to you in terms of the domestic market.
Our next question comes from Lucas Ferreira with JPMorgan.
My first question is about capital allocation, considering that the company is reaching to times net debt over EBITDA, cash positions are comfortable, BRF Plus program which was very successful. My question is, when are you going to start considering accelerating growth or not or maybe even focus on the payment of dividends, maybe you have conditions to increase the payout? Is it going to be a year where are you going to be more conservative in order to reduce even further the leverage? So this is my first question.
And the second is specifically, if you could provide more details on the relevant market for you. I understand all the things about the licenses and everything, but I would like to understand more about Japan, where we are in the process of price recovery. Last year, we had avian flu issue. And you see that the inventory levels are more normalized. And also China, do you see any opportunities for the year? Or do you see difficulties in recovery in China?
Thank you, Lucas. I'm going to answer the question about capital allocation, then I'll pass the floor over to Miguel so that we can discuss Asia, japan and China, as you asked. What I can say about capital allocation is that our focus is on growing the company. And this is what we have done in the previous quarters.
As I have said, we still have some capacity to be occupied. So we have a very important focus on organic growth so that we can dilute our infrastructure of fixed costs even more. So this is the plan: grow volumes, use the idle production lines. And this is what we intend to do in 2024. Of course, when we consider the finance needs, this is a very important year for us to be active because we do not have a lot of needs for amortization in 2024. So we are going to bring further assertiveness as to the financial expenses in burden. So this has to do with liability management. So what you expect from our execution is this. So I turn the floor over to you for you to answer the second question.
Lucas, yes, we observed that Asia has been extremely relevant even though I have mentioned that in the last 2 quarters, we had a volume exceeding Asia. So we had the CCE information about 130,000 tons. And for the quarter, 136,000 tons in Asia against 138,400 in the -- we see this movement in terms of price at the end of the year and also in the beginning of January.
The price of swine has a reaction and also poultry prices have had an impact, especially in China. So there were trends that we expected they even happened before our expectations or expected by the market, and we could make some movements in relation to those price increases. And in the case of Japan, Japan received higher offer in the fourth quarter.
And this goes back to normal levels. There was an excess in the offer previously, and we see that internal inventories going back to normal levels, and prices adopting a new dynamics related to recovery. And I insist to say that it's relevant for our business. It's very important for us to have different options. If you have options, you can trade among destinations and also which cuts you're going to be shipping to which market and you choose the product to be directed to different markets. So this is called value integration. The more destinations you have, the more you can integrate value and increase the profitability of your product.
Our next question comes from Thiago Duarte with BTG Pactual.
I would like to go back to address volume. In other questions, you mentioned some aspects of volumes. But when we look at the result of the quarter, we have a feeling that at a certain time, you prioritized the profitability in relation to volumes. You lose some share in the exports of poultry against the third quarter. The volumes in the Brazilian market, in spite of the seasonability, it does not have any evolution year-on-year.
Fabio mentioned oftentimes that the CapEx level is low, maybe even a little lower than the CapEx from '23 to 2024. What is a consistent assumption for volumes to evolve, considering there is no relevant investments in capacity increase? So it seems that the company is focused on profitability. Could you address this topic? I know that Fabio mentioned about long-term growth plan, you have idle capacity in the processed products. But it's difficult for us to see where the volume will come from considering your prioritizing profitability.
And the second question is almost a follow-up of the questions that was given in terms of unit cost, I think it was the first question asked. I would like to understand how you see when you move from '23 to the first half of 2024. Do you see any possibility of an additional drop of your unit cost? Because based on your answer, it seems that you would maintain the cost at those levels. I would like to know if we can reduce even further the unit price, even considering the raw material inventories that you have today.
Answering in a very direct way your question, we do not see any equation of profitability to compete with the relation of volumes. I believe that when you have more commercial destinations as we can see what BRF has done with 66 new licenses, we can increase volume and we can maintain profitability. It's important to mention this because 2023 was a very atypical year. The first half of the year was extremely challenging with a depressed price of unprocessed food and the international market, we had the perfect storm, with the retraction in demand in different locations.
But also you saw a situation where the offer would exceed the demand. This is left behind after the second half of the year, and we entered a new situation of normalcy. And then there's a very important aspect to consider, adding value process that has been our effort. This not affect only the Brazilian geography but also international geographies. We have growth of value-added products in Turkey and Middle East, and we are very focused on this. And this will allow us to increase volume and add value.
Because I have an industrial complex that can still grow organically, it's not of a concern to us because we do not understand that our investment capacity is limited. We understand that our investment capacity is proper, adequate to the need of the company. So we started 2024 well suited as we usually see in Brazil, with low levels of stock levels -- low levels of stock with the market with high demand and the domestic market and the external market operating according to our availability and with the pricing information system that allows us to capitalize this opportunity. So we understand the equation of profitability will not affect the volumes. And our industrial complex and our CapEx is proper at the proper level for that purpose.
Thiago, about the question related to costs in an objective way, we see considering the price of the feed cost when we compare '24 and '23, we see more stability. So the stability associated with raw material and the cost can be better, of course, considering we are implementing -- we are running the efficiency program. It's a continuous journey, continuous improvement.
And in our budget, we have the 2.0 version of BRF Plus. So we are very focused on materializing the productivity gains. Now considering the raw material dimension, we see an environment that can offer opportunities. We expect for the next production cycle of soybeans and maize because market projections see an expansion of 5% for soybeans and 7% for maize, the global level.
So we have windows of opportunities and better crops. And this can -- will have effect in our costs, and we're going to see this in the [indiscernible] from the first and the second half of 2024 provided that this is going to be materialized.
I'm going to add to Fabio's question, Thiago. And we would like to say that we did not lose any share in exports. On the opposite, there are some variations, of course, on a quarterly basis, we see some variations from the third to the fourth quarter. And if you see the data provided by the CSX, you see that the share increased and considering the new licenses, we see that this is going to be even better. And considering the FX rate is stable and by reaching different locations, we are going to grow share, and we are also going to diversify this movement.
It's also important to draw your attention to the fact that the U.K. established system of prelist and BRF is the establishments that had more plants to be licensed.
That's very clear. Miguel was making reference to the share that you announced in the results, specifically of the fourth quarter in relation to the third quarter.
Yes, this is an option because when we have the commemorative products, which is a very important moment for BRF, we capitalize this market leadership and -- we -- but it's clear that our focus in the domestic market and also in exports.
Our next question comes from Isabella Simonato with Bank of America.
Can you hear me?
Yes, we can hear you. You may continue.
Okay. Perfect. Could we continue talking about volume? I believe that the external market strategy to gain profitability and go into new markets. I think it's very clear. It becomes evident every quarter. But when we look at the domestic market, in the outlook of short and medium terms, can we consider this volume growth and contextualize the macro environment when we think of 2024?
And also considering the basis that you have in terms of volume posted last year, what can we expect for 2024? How do you see at the beginning of this year that would help us in our analysis? And also, SG&A, you had a pickup in the period. There is seasonability levels and also transport. What can we think in terms of dilution looking into 2024?
Now answering about volumes, I understand that the question was directed to the domestic market, but I will provide context before I answer your question objectively. I believe that the volume point, in addition to the licenses that we mentioned, and with that, we had some alternatives. We can increase volumes and prices, and we can choose among destinations.
Sometimes the decision would involve removing the products from Brazil and direct to international market and also to remove products from the international market and direct them to Brazil. Market volume grew year after year at the international level by 11%. And this is not perceived in the revenues because the prices were very depreciated in relation to the previous year. And this is also applicable to unprocessed food in Brazil. We grew 3% year-on-year.
We did not notice this in the revenues because in 2023, the prices were lower for 3 quarters in relation to the previous year. And now reaching the domestic market in processed food, yes, we expect to expand in the main categories where we lead in Brazil. We have the capacity to produce in order to meet this expanded volumes. And we are going to work in order to grow beyond the growth of the categories, and this is related to our intention to gain market share.
In relation to SG&A, yes, you're right. In the fourth quarter, we concentrate in marketing and trade marketing lines because of the campaigns of the seasonal products and also the concentration of communication funds that involve all the brands in our portfolio.
So when we understand the structure of SG&A, we have -- I would say, we have from 6.5% and 7% related to variable expenses where the freight prices have a very important role and 1.5%, a little bit less of administrative expenses, and this difference is associated to expenses related to sales, sales force of nearly 2,000 people, promoters, more than 4,000 promoters. And this explains the funds for marketing and trade marketing.
What we can expect for 2024 or gains with freight considering the negotiations that we have already started with some players? We expect opportunities with the reduction in fuel prices. And that will impact that numbers of 6.5% and 6, 7 points. We are going to -- as to fix the expenses, we are likely to maintain the same sales structures, and we are going to keep the investment levels at the same point. This is what I can say.
Our next question comes from Renata Cabral with Citi.
I would like to have a follow-up on the BRF Plus program, maybe the version 2.0. We saw the results of the program for 2023, very relevant results, positively impacting the COGS costs. And we would like to understand of what to expect for 2024. I'm not sure if we could have information in terms of amounts and values, but I would like to know whether it's going to be relevant when compared to 2024 in terms of total magnitude, which was over to -- okay. And what are the main focus the company is looking at under the program?
I understand that 2.0 is a continuity of the previous program. In the release, we see a lot about service level improvement and also logistics improvement and also poultry conversion. But could you provide some more information about what can be done and what will be done in 2024, both in terms of actions? And if you could give us an idea of magnitude, that would be very helpful.
Now answering your question, BRF has a principle, which is continuous improvement. Of course, when there is a program that is mature because it has been in operation for more than a year. Every quarter, there is a feedback with the opportunities and we keep our KPIs active in all locations in all locations, in all geographies. And you see the new opportunities and you transform those opportunities into results.
What is important to stress is that BRF Plus 2.0 is a little bit different from the previous version. So the previous version used 2019 as a baseline year. Today, we are looking into details and when we use as a basis, our operations in different geographies, different locations. For example, there is a location where the mortality rate is lower. We go there. We see the indicators and we replicated those rates in other locations. It's an internal benchmarking that is implemented, that can be used for the agro business, for the industry, for the exports, for logistics. It can be applied in all areas. So it's a domestic benchmark that will lead what we are going to do in the 2.0 version.
As to the magnitude, I can say that in 2024, it's going to continue to be relevant. It's no longer a high-performance program, and it becomes cultural characters for the company. A high-level company where all the teams would perform based on the KPIs that are observed on a daily basis. We say that the future starts every Monday here and in all locations of BRF to our joy.
So we are very enthusiastic. We learned a lot in 2023. We perfected the process in 2023, and we are implementing all the process in 2024. So taking advantage of your question, still using your question, I would like to thank our team for their dedication and resilience because BRF is a program that permeates the company as a whole.
Our next question comes from Lucas Mussi with Morgan Stanley.
I have a question related to prices. We saw the net prices as Thiago mentioned is -- it has posted a very slight improvement. And part of it has to do with the pressure of some processed items such as spreads and margarine and maybe pork and maybe competition from other players. How do you see that looking at 2024, considering that you expect better grain costs?
So how you think about the prices of 2024, considering that you are expecting lower prices for grains? And what if the price of the spreads increases and also sausages and prices? I would like to understand how you see this considering that you see favorable prices for 2024?
Lucas, if you allow me, I will make a comment. When we analyze year-on-year and the prices in Brazil the drop -- price drop has to do with the unprocessed food, as we previously mentioned. If we separate this from the equation, the processed food price year-on-year in Brazil has improved by 3%. I would like to make this consideration before I answer your question.
Thinking about perspective, I think that the market dynamics will depend on the consumer. As I reported the consumption environment is more attractive in Brazil, even though it is not at the ideal levels. We understand that the income in Brazil is still impacted negatively and deflation process has started. It started last year. And with a more favorable consumption environment and demand will increase. And we will have opportunities to have price rounds -- better price rounds in the main categories. There are some other categories that show that the price of the raw materials have changed.
So we do not have a lot of incentives in the market to purchase cheap raw material and industrialized products. So from this viewpoint, the competition may decrease for those specific categories. So this is what we see for 2024.
Our next question comes from Pedro Fonseca with XP.
I would like to ask 2 questions and then 2 follow-up questions. The first one is in relation to the capital allocation. Fabio said that one of the focus would be the reduction in gross debt. Along those lines, which would be the main priorities? And what is the potential of a reduction in debt cost that you expect for 2024? Fabio mentioned BRL 1.8 billion and BRL [ 2.0 ] billion of financial expenses in 2024. I would like to know how would affect the reduction in costs considering this liability management. I know this depends on break costs. And -- but it would be nice to understand how you see this reduction in gross debt.
And I would like to make a quick follow-up in terms of working capital. I think the inventory levels points are very well explained. But in the fourth quarter, we saw a slight deterioration of suppliers. I understand that there is the purchase of grains impacting a little, but can we see the supply levels going back to the average lines in 2024?
I'm going to start from the second question about working capital. I can say that in the line of suppliers, yes, we have an effect on the inventory levels when we acquired in the maize of season and considering the payment conditions, we had a concentration in the fourth quarter. So I would like to say that no structural changes have been made in terms of the payment terms with the suppliers.
And from the structural viewpoint, we'll go back to reach the same turnover levels that we observed in 2023. In relation to the net debt -- the gross debt, we are going to consider the last additive debts. And we might settle this in advance or repurchase when we consider the market bonds.
We did not consider -- in the breakeven analysis, we did not consider any spread reduction. But we considered the new interest levels, especially in Brazil. So our focus is to promote this liability exchange or replacement so that we can reduce the financial burden. So we have been very active in monitoring the market conditions, both in Brazil and internationally. But this is what I can disclose now to you.
BRF Conference Call has come to an end. We would like to thank you for attending this call, and have a great day.
[Statements in English on this transcript were spoken by an interpreter present on the live call.]